Kritisood wrote:
Hi! Firstly THANKS for all the videos. They are simply amazing!
Also, just saw the "WTF is THAT doing there" video and i have two questions related to the usage of "that":
1. Can "that" refer back to people?
2. Can "that" modify a verb clause? eg The goalkeeper blocked two penalty kicks and that caused his team to win.
Thanks in advance.
Thank you so much for the kind words, and sorry for my slow response to this!
1. In real life, it doesn't seem to be a problem for "that" to modify people. On the GMAT, I'm hard-pressed to find official SC questions that use "that" to modify people, but I also can't find any official SC questions that force you to choose between "that" and "who." So as far as we can tell, "that" is probably acceptable for modifying people -- and more importantly, it's probably not worth worrying about.
2. I don't think that "that" could reasonably modify a verb clause. When "that" is used as a modifier, it can only modify nouns.
In your example, "that" is trying to operate as a pronoun, not as a modifier. The intention, I think, is for "that" to mean "that action" or "that fact" (both of which are nouns) -- but since the word "action" or "fact" doesn't appear anywhere, the sentence would not be correct on the GMAT. (I would argue that it's fine in real life, but let's not let real life interfere with your GMAT!) If you're going to use a singular pronoun, it generally needs to have a clear, singular referent somewhere else in the sentence. Rare exceptions exist, but I wouldn't waste too much time worrying about them.
For more on "that" and its many uses, check out
this article.
I hope this helps a bit!