DrWhoUnfortunately, the only answers that might make the initial meaning clearer, C and E, both fail right up front. "Grows as high a height" just doesn't make sense. As for C, we might get away with "grows to as high as 130 feet" or "grows to 130 feet in height," but we can't combine them.
As for the second half, a quick rundown:
B fails immediately because there's nothing for "and with" to parallel.
A, C, and E are all immediately problematic because of "having." Typically, an -ing modifier of this type would show a result of or reason for the preceding action, and this does neither. While the buttressed trunk might be a reason the tree is able to grow so tall, the spreading canopy isn't. However, each of A/C/E also has at least one other problem.
A--"Spread" is the wrong word, since this is neither past tense nor plural.
C--Same as A, plus there's nothing for "with" to parallel.
E--A tree can't have a "buttressing" trunk. To buttress is to provide support, so the trunk can be buttressed (presumably by additional limbs/roots of the tree), but what would the trunk itself be buttressing?
Also, I edited my previous remarks slightly. I accidentally wrote "grew up to" two times when referring to D. I cut those "ups" out, so apologies to anyone who was confused by that in my quoted text.