winterschool
Q1. A certain experimental fungicide causes no harm to garden plants, though only if it is diluted at least to ten parts water to one part fungicide. Moreover, this fungicide is known to be so effective against powdery mildew that it has the capacity to eliminate it completely from rose plants. Thus this fungicide, as long as it is sufficiently diluted, provides a means of eliminating powdery mildew from rose plants that involves no risk of harming the plants. Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends? (A) There is not an alternative method, besides application of this fungicide. for eliminating powdery mildew from rose plants without harming the plants. (B) When the fungicide is sufficiently diluted it does not present any risk of harm to people, animals. or beneficial insects. (C) Powdery mildew is the only fungal infection that affects rose plants. (D) If a fungicide is to be effective against powdery mildew on rose plants, it must eliminate the powdery mildew completely. (E) The effectiveness of the fungicide does not depend on its being more concentrated than one part in ten parts of water. Difficulty - Hard
winterschool
Q2. Scurvy is a disease caused by a severe deficiency of the water-soluble vitamin C; left untreated, the condition can cause death. During an expedition in the sixteenth century, Frankian sailors began to develop scurvy when their ships became entrenched in thick ice, forcing them to winter in the area. Many began to die. Upon visiting the camp, Donnacona natives introduced a tea made exclusively from spruce nettles, a drink that, when ingested, led to the recovery of the sailors afflicted with scurvy. It was not until the eighteenth century that citrus, a type of fruit high in vitamin C, was recommended for use by sailors to combat scurvy. Which of the following conclusions can be most reasonably drawn from the information in the passage? (A) The spruce nettle drink would not have cured the sailors of scurvy unless it had been presented in a water-based form such as tea. (B) Spruce nettles contain vitamin C. (C) The sailors who died would have lived if they had been able to drink the spruce nettle tea in time. (D) The Donnacona natives understood the relationship between vitamin C deficiency and scurvy hundreds of years prior to the recommendations made in the eighteenth century. (E) Spruce is a type of citrus.
CR Questions March - 3 :Q1. It is widely accepted by nutritionists that calcium is strongly related to bone growth and maintenance. However, dairy products, common containers of this chemical element, cannot be consumed by vegans or people with allergies and unfavorable reactions to milk. Because of the importance of this mineral to the body, people who cannot simply consume dairy products should search for alternative sources of it.
Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the author’s conclusion?
A. Levels of calcium that exceed the necessary amount can be harmful to the kidney.
B. Calcium fulfills certain functions that can be performed by other minerals that are received from sources that are not dairy products.
C. Calcium is the most commonly found mineral in the human body.
D. Many people do not consume the amount of calcium they should due to a lack of understanding of its importance.
E. Substantial portions of calcium exist in non-dairy foods such as spinach and blackstrap molasses.
Q2. A new handheld device purports to determine the severity of concussions by reading the brain’s electrical signals and comparing them to a database of 15,000 scans compiled at a brain research lab. The device is intended to help doctors decide whether an athlete who has received a blow to the head during a competition should be sent back into the game.
Which of the following would it be most useful to establish in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the device for its intended purpose?
A. Whether the database of brain scans will regularly be updated with new scans
B. Whether by use of this device doctors will be able to make a sound decision about whether to allow an athlete back into the competition before it ends
C. Whether the device will be endorsed by a large number of medical professionals
D. Whether the database includes scans of non-injured athletes in the same game as the injured athlete
E. Whether team doctors have until now been mistaken in their assessments of whether an athlete can safely continue to play