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06 May 2025, 22:49
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Which of the following best completes the passage below?
A study was recently conducted to determine whether power lines caused some kind of negative health effects. The researchers surveyed everyone living within 200 meters of highvoltage power lines over a 15-year period and looked for statistically significant increases in rates of over 1000 ailments. The study found that the incidence of childhood leukaemia was four times higher among those who lived closest to the power lines. However, this statistic by itself should not be a cause for alarm, because__________________________.
(A) childhood leukemia can also be caused by other genetic factors
(B) another study has found that most of the children who suffer from childhood leukemia stay far away from power lines
(C) the number of potential ailments, that is, over 1000, was so large that it created a high probability that at least one ailment would exhibit statistically significant difference just by chance alone
(D) there was no significant correlation between the other 999 diseases and how close to power lines a person stayed
(E) childhood leukaemia, unlike leukaemia in adults, can be cured by medicines and therapy and is rarely fatal
can someone explain how C exhibits that the statistics are flawed?
A study was recently conducted to determine whether power lines caused some kind of negative health effects. The researchers surveyed everyone living within 200 meters of highvoltage power lines over a 15-year period and looked for statistically significant increases in rates of over 1000 ailments. The study found that the incidence of childhood leukaemia was four times higher among those who lived closest to the power lines. However, this statistic by itself should not be a cause for alarm, because__________________________.
(A) childhood leukemia can also be caused by other genetic factors
(B) another study has found that most of the children who suffer from childhood leukemia stay far away from power lines
(C) the number of potential ailments, that is, over 1000, was so large that it created a high probability that at least one ailment would exhibit statistically significant difference just by chance alone
(D) there was no significant correlation between the other 999 diseases and how close to power lines a person stayed
(E) childhood leukaemia, unlike leukaemia in adults, can be cured by medicines and therapy and is rarely fatal
can someone explain how C exhibits that the statistics are flawed?
06 May 2025, 22:56
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Quote:
The study concludes that childhood leukaemia was the only ailment which had a correlation with the proximity to the power lines.
That being said, option C completes the argument that the statistic output should not cause raise any eyebrows by saying that at least one ailment by pure chance would be correlated somehow, and that doesn’t necessarily mean there’s an actual cause-effect relationship.
