Hello Nick,

First thing I would like to convey I was completely unaware whether it is from LSTAT passages or from somewhere else. I simply have a DOC file which comprises RC collection.
And whatever ANSWERs were given in source material I have posted away. So this my course of action was not to mislead anyone..and I am very wwell aware about my responsibilities related to post.

Hello brianshepherd

The format of LSAT RC resembles GMAT Long passages and at the same time it is the good source to practice for RC, its writing style and its reasoning for OA is flawless.



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please give explanation for q 3

SajjadAhmad, please help me


I did not pick up E because following:
1/The first hatches during the spring, reproduces during the summer, then dies. The eggs laid in the summer hatch and develop into adults in late summer. 
The summer (early) generation, in contrast, is usually dimorphic—some individuals have normal functional (macropterous) wings; others have much-reduced (micropterous) wings of no use for flight.
So 1st hatches in spring, then 2nd hatches in summer.
Question stem requires generation hatching during the summer , that refers to 2nd hatches. So 2nd has greater proportion of micropterous, rather than macropterous.


I have no idea what’s wrong with E.
I think this experiments in laboratory implies that different seasonal temperature will generate different functional structure, by controlling the temperature in cold.

I did not pick up E because following:
1/The first hatches during the spring, reproduces during the summer, then dies. The eggs laid in the summer hatch and develop into adults in late summer. 
The summer (early) generation, in contrast, is usually dimorphic—some individuals have normal functional (macropterous) wings; others have much-reduced (micropterous) wings of no use for flight.
So 1st hatches in spring, then 2nd hatches in summer.
Question stem requires generation hatching during the summer , that refers to 2nd hatches. So 2nd has greater proportion of micropterous, rather than macropterous.

Hi SajjadAhmad, would you please point out where my reasoning is wrong.
i am still have no idea, although i read your reply

thanks

Hope it helps


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Hope it helps


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Hi everyone,
Took 18:50 minutes and got 6/8 correct. It took 5:40 minutes to read, write down paragraphs summaries and main point.

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P1
Paragraph 1 talks about 3 adaptive responses: regulatory, acclamatory and developmental. It classifies the responses in functional and morphological. Finally it gives us descriptions of the first two responses: acclamatory and regulatory.

Brief summary: three adaptive responses are introduced and 2 of them are described.

P2
Paragraph 2 introduces the last adaptive response: the developmental one. It is contrasted with the previous two responses since it is permanent and irreversible.
In addition we are given an example of such adaptive responses through the description of water bugs. Water bugs and their lifecycles are then described. The focus here is on the wings and the purpose of such wings. Still we are not told which are the causes for the differences in wings. Maybe paragraph 3 will answer our question?

Brief summary: developmental response is described through an example about water bugs

P3
As we predicted paragraph four digs more into the reasons for the differences in size of the bug's wings. It is explained the big wings are the result of warm temperature before the hatching while small wings result from the hatching when the temperatures are cold.

Brief summary: a cause-effect relation for the size of the wings is given; cold=small and warm=big

Main point
The main point is to describe the three adaptive responses by explaining two of them briefly and one more in detail.


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1. The primary purpose of the passage is to

Pre-thinking:

Main point question

Refer to main point above


(A) illustrate an organism’s functional adaptive response to changing environmental conditions
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

(B) prove that organisms can exhibit three basic adaptive responses to changing environmental conditions
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

(C) explain the differences in form and function between micropterous and macropterous water bugs and analyze the effect of environmental changes on each
partial scope

(D) discuss three different types of adaptive responses and provide an example that explains how one of those types of responses works
in line with pre-thinking. hence correct

(E) contrast acclimatory responses with developmental responses and suggest an explanation for the evolutionary purposes of these two responses to changing environmental conditions
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect


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2. The passage supplies information to suggest that which one of the following would happen if a pond inhabited by water bugs were to dry up in June?

Pre-thinking:

Inference question

We know that in such conditions there will be two kind of water bugs: some with big-normal wings and some with small wings. Plus we know that the ones with normal wings are adapted to such change. We hence can infer that the ones with small wings will have some troubles


(A) The number of developmental responses among the water-bug population would decrease.
[b]Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect[/b]

(B) Both micropterous and macropterous water bugs would show an acclimatory response.
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

(C) The generation of water bugs to be hatched during the subsequent spring would contain an unusually large number of macropterous individuals.
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

(D) The dimorphism of the summer generation would enable some individuals to survive.
Exactly, only the ones with normal wings will survive.

(E) The dimorphism of the summer generation would be genetically transferred to the next spring generation.
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

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3. It can be inferred from the passage that if the winter months of a particular year were unusually warm, the

Pre-thinking:

inference question

The water bugs born will have normal wings because of the warm temperatures


(A) eggs formed by water bugs in the autumn would probably produce a higher than usual proportion of macropterous individuals
[b] in line with pre-thinking. hence correct[/b]

(B) eggs formed by water bugs in the autumn would probably produce an entire summer generation of water bugs with smaller than normal wings
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

(C) eggs of the overwintering generation formed in the autumn would not be affected by this temperature change
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

(D) overwintering generation would not leave the ponds for the forest during the winter
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

(E) overwintering generation of water bugs would most likely form fewer eggs in the autumn and more in the spring
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

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4. According to the passage, the dimorphic wing structure of the summer generation of water bugs occurs because

Pre-thinking:

Detail question

"The individual’s wing form is environmentally determined by the temperature to which developing eggs are exposed prior to their being laid." according to P3


(A) the overwintering generation forms two sets of eggs, one exposed to the colder temperatures of winter and one exposed only to the warmer temperatures of spring
in line with pre-thinking. hence correct

(B) the eggs that produce micropterous and macropterous adults are morphologically different
[b]Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect[/b]

(C) water bugs respond to seasonal changes by making an acclimatory functional adjustment in the wings
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

(D) water bugs hatching in the spring live out their life spans in ponds and never need to fly
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

(E) the overwintering generation, which produces eggs developing into the dimorphic generation, spends the winter in the forest and the spring in small ponds
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect


Please note that this detail question is difficult because it requires a very good understanding of the passage and paragraphs structure. Since we know that the reasons for the differences in wings are found in P3 we were able to locate the detail and answer the question in sub 1 minute (cakewalk ).

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5. It can be inferred from the passage that which one of the following is an example of a regulatory response?

Pre-thinking:

Detail question

According to P1: "Regulatory responses involve rapid changes in the organism’s use of its physiological apparatus—increasing or decreasing the rates of various processes, for example."


(A) thickening of the plumage of some birds in the autumn
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

(B) increase in pulse rate during vigorous exercise
In line with pre-thinking. hence correct

(C) gradual darkening of the skin after exposure to sunlight
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

(D) gradual enlargement of muscles as a result of weight lifting
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

(E) development of a heavy fat layer in bears before hibernation
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

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6. According to the passage, the generation of water bugs hatching during the summer is likely to

Pre-thinking:

Detail question

We are given that when the temperatures are warm the probability of having normal wings is high


(A) be made up of equal numbers of macropterous and micropterous individuals
Too extreme, incorrect

(B) lay its eggs during the winter in order to expose them to cold
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

(C) show a marked inability to fly from one pond to another
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

(D) exhibit genetically determined differences in wing form from the early spring-hatched generation
The differences are not genetic as the passage clearly states. incorrect

(E) contain a much greater proportion of macropterous water bugs than the early spring-hatched generation
In line with pre-thinking. hence correct

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7. The author mentions laboratory experiments with adult water bugs (lines 63-66) in order to illustrate which one of the following?

Pre-thinking:

Purpose question

Clearly the author wants to stress how the temperature affects the size of the wings


(A) the function of the summer generation’s dimorphism
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

(B) the irreversibility of most developmental adaptive responses in water bugs
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

(C) the effect of temperature on developing water-bug eggs
In line with pre-thinking. hence correct

(D) the morphological difference between the summer generation and the overwintering generation of water bugs
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

(E) the functional adjustment of water bugs in response to seasonal temperature variation
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

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8. Which one of the following best describes the organization of the passage?

Pre-thinking:

Structure question

3 adaptive responses are introduced and 2 of them are briefly explained. Then the 3rd one is explained in more details.


(A) Biological phenomena are presented, examples of their occurrence are compared and contrasted, and one particular example is illustrated in detail.
This seems good

(B) A description of related biological phenomena is stated, and two of those phenomena are explained in detail with illustrated examples.
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

(C) Three related biological phenomena are described, a hypothesis explaining their relationship is presented, and supporting evidence is produced.
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

(D) Three complementary biological phenomena are explained, their causes are examined, and one of them is described by contrasting its causes with the other two.
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect

(E) A new way of describing biological phenomena is suggested, its applications are presented, and one specific example is examined in detail.
Not in line with pre-thinking. hence incorrect


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