In a research study, participants were asked to choose between two brands of a certain type of product: one familiar, one unfamiliar, and report their choice to the researchers.
Before making the choice, one group was told emphatically to hurry, as the researchers were behind schedule and pressed for time; the other group was told that the project was ahead of schedule, giving them ample time to make the decision.
Every participant in the former group, but only about two-thirds of the latter group, chose the familiar brand.
Since the participants self-reported equal amounts of stress in their current lives, the researchers concluded that the sight of a well-known product countered the extra stress of being rushed for the first group.
The soundness of this conclusion, however, cannot be assessed without taking into account _________.
Which of the following most logically completes the argument above?
(A) any differences in the frequency or geographic span of the two brands’ advertising
Any differences in advertising may result in differences in familiarity of the products but can not explain drastic differences in choices of the two groups.
Incorrect
(B) how much participants enjoyed or valued the activities most commonly associated with the products
Since both groups were almost similar and must have enjoyed or valued these products in similar way, this does not explain drastic differences in choices of the two groups.
Incorrect
(C) the degree of importance ascribed to the product by the researchers in their instructions to the participants
This can not explain the drastic differences in choices of participants of the two groups versus time provided to them. The degree of importance ascribed to the product by the researchers is expected to be similar to both groups.
Incorrect
(D) the nature of the events or situations causing stress in the participants’ lives outside of the experiment
Since it is already mentioned in the argument that participants self-reported equal amounts of stress in their present lives, this does not explain the drastic differences in choices of participants
Incorrect
(E) the number of factors that participants thought necessary to consider in judging the unfamiliar product relative to the familiar one
If the number of factors are large, participants of the first group with less time, chose familiar products since they did not get time to analyze all factors to make alternate choice based on these factors. While the other group had enough time to analyze all factors to make informed choice about alternative product (unfamiliar one). There was no extra stress encountered of being rushed to the familiar group.
Correct
IMO E