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globaldesi
Joined: 28 Jul 2016
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Concentration: Finance, Human Resources
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Updated on: 10 Oct 2019, 22:39
Originally posted by globaldesi on 13 Sep 2018, 02:47.
Last edited by Sajjad1994 on 10 Oct 2019, 22:39, edited 2 times in total.
Last edited by Sajjad1994 on 10 Oct 2019, 22:39, edited 2 times in total.
Updated - Complete topic (920).
Kudos
Bookmarks
Question 1
C
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
45%
(medium)
Question Stats:
61% (03:13) correct
39%
(03:08) wrong
based on 292
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Question 2
D
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
15%
(low)
Question Stats:
75% (01:05) correct 25%
(01:16) wrong
based on 301
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
While it is tempting to try to create legislation to directly protect all threatened species within an ecosystem, identifying exactly which organisms to protect and how best to protect each one can be a time-consuming process that can easily stall. As a result, the legislation will fail to protect any of the animals it meant to target. To counteract this problem, some managers and legislators base land management decisions on the environmental needs of so-called “umbrella” species, defined as a species with a range of environmental requirements broad enough that protecting an individual species also protects other species within its habitat. An often cited example is that of the northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina). Protecting S. caurina’s breeding areas has created a refuge for various anurans and mollusks that were also in danger of population depletion.
It might seem that certain characteristics would define successful umbrella species; the northern spotted owl is an apex predator found in a threatened environment – old growth forests in the Pacific Northwest. Similarly, amur tigers (Panthera tigris altaica), another umbrella species, are also apex predators within a remote, threatened environment. However, these are often used as examples not because they exemplify perfect umbrella species but because they are charismatic megafauna. In fact, many effective choices for umbrella species are invertebrates low on the food chain. The spillover effect seems to work because the invertebrates inhabit an older, unique ecosystem home to other threatened organisms. Whether a species qualifies as an umbrella species depends on habitat overlap (whether the species shares its environment with other threatened species) and niche breadth (whether protecting the umbrella species requires the protection of a broad range of resources with an ecosystem).
It might seem that certain characteristics would define successful umbrella species; the northern spotted owl is an apex predator found in a threatened environment – old growth forests in the Pacific Northwest. Similarly, amur tigers (Panthera tigris altaica), another umbrella species, are also apex predators within a remote, threatened environment. However, these are often used as examples not because they exemplify perfect umbrella species but because they are charismatic megafauna. In fact, many effective choices for umbrella species are invertebrates low on the food chain. The spillover effect seems to work because the invertebrates inhabit an older, unique ecosystem home to other threatened organisms. Whether a species qualifies as an umbrella species depends on habitat overlap (whether the species shares its environment with other threatened species) and niche breadth (whether protecting the umbrella species requires the protection of a broad range of resources with an ecosystem).
1. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. S. caurina's breeding areas are the only areas of its habitat protected by law
B. Invertebrates tend to be better umbrella species than are charismatic megafauna.
C. Charismatic megafauna may not always be the best choice for umbrella species.
D. Apex predators are generally poor candidates for umbrella species.
E. Older ecosystems are more ecologically complex than are younger ecosystems.
A. S. caurina's breeding areas are the only areas of its habitat protected by law
B. Invertebrates tend to be better umbrella species than are charismatic megafauna.
C. Charismatic megafauna may not always be the best choice for umbrella species.
D. Apex predators are generally poor candidates for umbrella species.
E. Older ecosystems are more ecologically complex than are younger ecosystems.
2. Which of the following can be reasonably inferred about S. caurina ?
A. Protecting S. caurina is the most efficient way to protect its unique ecosystem.
B. S. caurina does not eat anurans or mollusks.
C. It is the only species in its forest region that can be described as an umbrella species.
D. Its range likely overlaps with those of other threatened species.
E. It is considered an effective choice of umbrella species because it is an apex predator.
A. Protecting S. caurina is the most efficient way to protect its unique ecosystem.
B. S. caurina does not eat anurans or mollusks.
C. It is the only species in its forest region that can be described as an umbrella species.
D. Its range likely overlaps with those of other threatened species.
E. It is considered an effective choice of umbrella species because it is an apex predator.
13 Sep 2018, 04:34
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1.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
a. S. caurina's breeding areas are the only areas of its habitat protected by law
According to the passage protecting the breeding area has created a refuge for other animals.
cannot be inferred
b. Invertebrates tend to be better umbrella species than are charismatic megafauna.
no where it is mentioned in the passage.
c. Charismatic megafauna may not always be the best choice for umbrella species.
correct- Whether a species qualifies as an umbrella species depends on habitat overlap
as we are given examples of both the cases (megafauna and invertebrates) .
Also the following is mentioned in the second para
"In fact, many effective choices for umbrella species are invertebrates low on the food chain"
d. Apex predators are generally poor candidates for umbrella species.
incorrect-
examples of S. caurina and amur tiger say otherwise
e. Older ecosystems are more ecologically complex than are younger ecosystems.
incorrect
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Which of the following can be reasonably inferred about S. caurina ?
a. Protecting S. caurina is the most efficient way to protect its unique ecosystem.
b. S. caurina does not eat anurans or mollusks.
c. It is the only species in its forest region that can be described as an umbrella species.
d. Its range likely overlaps with those of other threatened species.
e. It is considered an effective choice of umbrella species because it is an apex predator.
S. Caurina is an “umbrella” species.
as per the para
Whether a species qualifies as an umbrella species depends on habitat overlap
option d it should be .
a. S. caurina's breeding areas are the only areas of its habitat protected by law
According to the passage protecting the breeding area has created a refuge for other animals.
cannot be inferred
b. Invertebrates tend to be better umbrella species than are charismatic megafauna.
no where it is mentioned in the passage.
c. Charismatic megafauna may not always be the best choice for umbrella species.
correct- Whether a species qualifies as an umbrella species depends on habitat overlap
as we are given examples of both the cases (megafauna and invertebrates) .
Also the following is mentioned in the second para
"In fact, many effective choices for umbrella species are invertebrates low on the food chain"
d. Apex predators are generally poor candidates for umbrella species.
incorrect-
examples of S. caurina and amur tiger say otherwise
e. Older ecosystems are more ecologically complex than are younger ecosystems.
incorrect
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Which of the following can be reasonably inferred about S. caurina ?
a. Protecting S. caurina is the most efficient way to protect its unique ecosystem.
b. S. caurina does not eat anurans or mollusks.
c. It is the only species in its forest region that can be described as an umbrella species.
d. Its range likely overlaps with those of other threatened species.
e. It is considered an effective choice of umbrella species because it is an apex predator.
S. Caurina is an “umbrella” species.
as per the para
Whether a species qualifies as an umbrella species depends on habitat overlap
option d it should be .
