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A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacterium. However, recently released data notes that the bacterium thrives(prosper) in the presence of a certain virus, implying that it is actually the virus that causes the new disease.

Which of the following pieces of evidence would most support the data’s implication?


(A) In the absence of the virus, the disease has been observed to follow infection by the bacterium.

(B) The virus has been shown to aid the growth of bacterium, a process which often leads to the onset of the disease.

(C) The virus alone has been observed in many cases of the disease.

(D) In cases where the disease does not develop, infection by the bacterium is usually preceded by infection by the virus.

(E) Onset of the disease usually follows infection by both the virus and the bacterium.
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C
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A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacter 18 Nov 2010, 07:52
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poohv005
A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacterium. However, recently released data notes that the bacterium thrives(prosper) in the presence of a certain virus, implying that it is actually the virus that causes the new disease.
Which of the following pieces of evidence would most support the data’s implication?
(A) In the absence of the virus, the disease has been observed to follow infection by the bacterium.
(B) The virus has been shown to aid the growth of bacterium, a process which often leads to the onset of the disease.
(C) The virus alone has been observed in many cases of the disease.
(D) In cases where the disease does not develop, infection by the bacterium is usually preceded by infection by the virus.
(E) Onset of the disease usually follows infection by both the virus and the bacterium.

please explain the answer.
Show more

Let's focus on the question first because that is all that is relevant to us. (In fact, it helps to read the question first so that you can read the argument with the question in perspective)
Which of the following pieces of evidence would most support the data’s implication?

Now, before we move on, what is data's implication?
implying that it is actually the virus that causes the new disease.

Now you have to pick an answer choice which best supports 'it is actually the virus that causes the disease'. Focus on that.

Option (C) clearly states that the virus alone has been found in many cases. Then it must be the virus that causes the disease.
It does not conflict with the premise above - 'A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacterium.' The premise does not say that it is caused by the bacterium. It only says that it is thought to be caused by the bacterium.

Option (B) doesn't strengthen that it is actually the virus that causes the disease. It says that the virus aids the growth of bacterium and this growth leads to development of the disease. The cause of the disease is still the bacterium. That is, if the bacterium weren't present, the virus probably couldn't do anything alone. (Note the probably here. This statement doesn't say that the virus alone cannot do anything but it also doesn't say that the virus alone can cause the disease) But we want to strengthen that it is actually the virus which is the cause.
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A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacter 18 Jan 2012, 15:32
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This is a tricky question - it is LSAT after all.

Let's take a look at (B). It says that the virus causes the bacteria to grow, a process followed by the onset of the disease. So this is not a simple cae of A causes B. Instead A (the virus) causes B (the bacteria) and then C (the disease) is observed.

We want an answer choice in which only A (the virus) appears with B (the disease).

(C) states that the virus alone has been observed by the disease. Without the presence of the bacterium confounding the causal chain, (C) provides the strongest support that the virus causes the disease.

Hope that helps :)
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A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacter 23 Feb 2016, 10:41
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carcass
A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacterium. However, recently released data note that the bacterium thrives in the presence of a certain virus, implying that it is actually the virus that causes the new disease.

Which of the following pieces of evidence would most support the data’s implication?

(A) In the absence of the virus, the disease has been observed to follow infection by the bacterium.

(B) The virus has been shown to aid the growth of bacteria, a process which often leads to the onset of the disease.

(C) The virus alone has been observed in many cases of the disease.

(D) In cases where the disease does not develop, infection by the bacterium is usually preceded by infection by the virus.

(E) Onset of the disease usually follows infection by both the virus and the bacterium.
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Based on the highlighted portion and after massive elimination process I go for (C).
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A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacter 23 Feb 2016, 18:12
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A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacterium. However, recently released data note that the bacterium thrives in the presence of a certain virus, implying that it is actually the virus that causes the new disease.

Which of the following pieces of evidence would most support the data’s implication?

(A) In the absence of the virus, the disease has been observed to follow infection by the bacterium. - <Means bacteria is contributing which is not the case. Stem says its only the virus is responsible and in the presence of virus the bacteria will grow.>

(B) The virus has been shown to aid the growth of bacteria, a process which often leads to the onset of the disease. <Initially chose this. But bacteria needs virus its not the virus is making the bacteria to grow. For example - In ram's presence sam's professional growth has been extraordinary[Ram is not doing anything for Sam. But the environment is conducive for sam to grow in Ram's presence same as the case mentioned in the argument] is different from Ram made sam to grow professionally [Here Ram is involved in the action of doing things. Same as the case mentioned in the current choice.]>

(C) The virus alone has been observed in many cases of the disease. <Missing the link for bacteria. Its only the virus responsible and no presence of bacteria >

(D) In cases where the disease does not develop, infection by the bacterium is usually preceded by infection by the virus. <this clearly match with the data implication. Virus comes in first. Bacteria thrives for its growth is utilizing the virus presence once the bacteria knows the virus is available>

(E) Onset of the disease usually follows infection by both the virus and the bacterium. It states bacteria is also responsible. Hence wrong.
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A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacter 16 May 2016, 13:48
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poohv005
A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacterium. However, recently released data notes that the bacterium thrives(prosper) in the presence of a certain virus, implying that it is actually the virus that causes the new disease.
Which of the following pieces of evidence would most support the data’s implication?
(A) In the absence of the virus, the disease has been observed to follow infection by the bacterium.
(B) The virus has been shown to aid the growth of bacterium, a process which often leads to the onset of the disease.
(C) The virus alone has been observed in many cases of the disease.
(D) In cases where the disease does not develop, infection by the bacterium is usually preceded by infection by the virus.
(E) Onset of the disease usually follows infection by both the virus and the bacterium.

please explain the answer.

Let's focus on the question first because that is all that is relevant to us. (In fact, it helps to read the question first so that you can read the argument with the question in perspective)
Which of the following pieces of evidence would most support the data’s implication?

Now, before we move on, what is data's implication?
implying that it is actually the virus that causes the new disease.

Now you have to pick an answer choice which best supports 'it is actually the virus that causes the disease'. Focus on that.

Option (C) clearly states that the virus alone has been found in many cases. Then it must be the virus that causes the disease.
It does not conflict with the premise above - 'A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacterium.' The premise does not say that it is caused by the bacterium. It only says that it is thought to be caused by the bacterium.

Option (B) doesn't strengthen that it is actually the virus that causes the disease. It says that the virus aids the growth of bacterium and this growth leads to development of the disease. The cause of the disease is still the bacterium. That is, if the bacterium weren't present, the virus probably couldn't do anything alone. (Note the probably here. This statement doesn't say that the virus alone cannot do anything but it also doesn't say that the virus alone can cause the disease) But we want to strengthen that it is actually the virus which is the cause.
Show more

Hi, the data's implication is indeed "it's the virus that CAUSES the new disease", but no where in option C it mentions that virus is the CAUSE, it just mentions that the virus has been found in many cases.

I rejected the option on these grounds, do tell me where I went wrong.

Regards
RT
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A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacter 17 May 2016, 00:38
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poohv005
A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacterium. However, recently released data notes that the bacterium thrives(prosper) in the presence of a certain virus, implying that it is actually the virus that causes the new disease.
Which of the following pieces of evidence would most support the data’s implication?
(A) In the absence of the virus, the disease has been observed to follow infection by the bacterium.
(B) The virus has been shown to aid the growth of bacterium, a process which often leads to the onset of the disease.
(C) The virus alone has been observed in many cases of the disease.
(D) In cases where the disease does not develop, infection by the bacterium is usually preceded by infection by the virus.
(E) Onset of the disease usually follows infection by both the virus and the bacterium.

please explain the answer.

Let's focus on the question first because that is all that is relevant to us. (In fact, it helps to read the question first so that you can read the argument with the question in perspective)
Which of the following pieces of evidence would most support the data’s implication?

Now, before we move on, what is data's implication?
implying that it is actually the virus that causes the new disease.

Now you have to pick an answer choice which best supports 'it is actually the virus that causes the disease'. Focus on that.

Option (C) clearly states that the virus alone has been found in many cases. Then it must be the virus that causes the disease.
It does not conflict with the premise above - 'A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacterium.' The premise does not say that it is caused by the bacterium. It only says that it is thought to be caused by the bacterium.

Option (B) doesn't strengthen that it is actually the virus that causes the disease. It says that the virus aids the growth of bacterium and this growth leads to development of the disease. The cause of the disease is still the bacterium. That is, if the bacterium weren't present, the virus probably couldn't do anything alone. (Note the probably here. This statement doesn't say that the virus alone cannot do anything but it also doesn't say that the virus alone can cause the disease) But we want to strengthen that it is actually the virus which is the cause.

Hi, the data's implication is indeed "it's the virus that CAUSES the new disease", but no where in option C it mentions that virus is the CAUSE, it just mentions that the virus has been found in many cases.

I rejected the option on these grounds, do tell me where I went wrong.

Regards
RT
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Option (C) SUPPORTS (improves the probability) the data's implication. You do not require to prove that data's implication is true beyond doubt. All you need to do is support it. Hence (C) is correct. If you did reject it on the grounds you mentioned, which option did you select?
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A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacter 17 May 2016, 01:57
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Option (C) SUPPORTS (improves the probability) the data's implication. You do not require to prove that data's implication is true beyond doubt. All you need to do is support it. Hence (C) is correct. If you did reject it on the grounds you mentioned, which option did you select?[/quote]

I marked B, because i thought it says the GROWTH of bacterium causes the disease and not only the bacterium. And the growth of bacterium is because of the virus, hence the virus causes the disease.
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A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacter 17 May 2016, 02:39
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rohitt911


I marked B, because i thought it says the GROWTH of bacterium causes the disease and not only the bacterium. And the growth of bacterium is because of the virus, hence the virus causes the disease.
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What is data's implication?
It is actually the virus that causes the new disease.

Now you have to pick an answer choice which best supports 'it is actually the virus that causes the disease'. Focus on that.

Option (B) doesn't strengthen that it is actually the virus that causes the disease. It says that the virus aids the growth of bacterium and this growth leads to development of the disease. The cause of the disease is still the bacterium. That is, if the bacterium weren't present, the virus probably couldn't do anything alone. (Note the probably here. This statement doesn't say that the virus alone cannot do anything but it also doesn't say that the virus alone can cause the disease) But we want to strengthen that it is actually the virus which is the cause.
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A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacter 05 Jul 2016, 17:14
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The causation chain here is virus then bacteria and disease. The argument is that the virus is the root cause. Without spending a lot of time with other answers I would be going to the answer choices looking for one that is going to state that the virus is the root cause. C is the one that supports this.

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A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacter 05 Jul 2016, 21:02
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Can anyone please explain the difference between options 'B' & 'C' as IMO C is actually reiterating the sentence which is already stated in the argument.
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A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacter 05 Jul 2016, 22:36
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Can anyone please explain the difference between options 'B' & 'C' as IMO C is actually reiterating the sentence which is already stated in the argument.
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ynk This is a fairly common GMAT question type I like to call test and control.

Conventional wisdom: If bacteria =>disease
New idea: If virus => bacteria => disease

The new idea is that it's the virus and not the bacteria. What would strengthen this?

Answer: Where the disease is present WITH the virus, but WITHOUT the bacteria

We have "controlled" for the bacteria variable so it has to be the virus, not the bacteria.

Does this make sense?
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A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacter 18 Dec 2018, 01:55
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The argument is implying that it is actually the virus that causes the new disease.
Now you have to pick an answer choice which best supports 'it is actually the virus that causes the disease'. Focus on that.
Option (C) clearly states that the virus alone has been found in many cases. Then it must be the virus that causes the disease.
It does not conflict with the premise above - 'A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacterium.' The premise does not say that it is caused by the bacterium. It only says that it is thought to be caused by the bacterium.
Option (B) doesn't strengthen that it is actually the virus that causes the disease. It says that the virus aids the growth of bacterium and this growth leads to development of the disease. The cause of the disease is still the bacterium. That is, if the bacterium weren't present, the virus probably couldn't do anything alone. (Note the probably here. This statement doesn't say that the virus alone cannot do anything but it also doesn't say that the virus alone can cause the disease) But we want to strengthen that it is actually the virus which is the cause.
A, D and E could be eliminated because these statements focuses on the infection that follows the disease. Hence, C is the answer.
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A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacter 19 Dec 2018, 22:25
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poohv005
A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacterium. However, recently released data notes that the bacterium thrives(prosper) in the presence of a certain virus, implying that it is actually the virus that causes the new disease.

Which of the following pieces of evidence would most support the data’s implication?


(A) In the absence of the virus, the disease has been observed to follow infection by the bacterium.

(B) The virus has been shown to aid the growth of bacterium, a process which often leads to the onset of the disease.

(C) The virus alone has been observed in many cases of the disease.

(D) In cases where the disease does not develop, infection by the bacterium is usually preceded by infection by the virus.

(E) Onset of the disease usually follows infection by both the virus and the bacterium.
Show more

I chose B incorrectly. I eliminated C because I thought the data's implication was "the bacterium thrives(prosper) in the presence of a certain virus, implying that it is actually the virus that causes the new disease." This means that we need to show the link between virus -> bacteria -> disease. Could someone explain why my logic is wrong?
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A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacter 26 Aug 2019, 05:57
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poohv005
A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacterium. However, recently released data notes that the bacterium thrives(prosper) in the presence of a certain virus, implying that it is actually the virus that causes the new disease.

Which of the following pieces of evidence would most support the data’s implication?


(A) In the absence of the virus, the disease has been observed to follow infection by the bacterium.

(B) The virus has been shown to aid the growth of bacterium, a process which often leads to the onset of the disease.

(C) The virus alone has been observed in many cases of the disease.

(D) In cases where the disease does not develop, infection by the bacterium is usually preceded by infection by the virus.

(E) Onset of the disease usually follows infection by both the virus and the bacterium.
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Usual causal structure question with a twist of refuting one causal relationship and supporting the other as the passage tends to do.
Answer choice C does exactly that.
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A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacter 22 Mar 2021, 22:18
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Hello Expert

In the stated question, the logic follows - virus leads to bacteria growth (thrives), which further leads to the onset of the disease. The conclusion of the data implies that the absence of the virus will not lead to the onset of the disease, as the bacteria will not thrive in these conditions.

However, nowhere it is implemented in question stem that the virus is the actual cause of the disease. The disease is still caused by bacteria, and the virus is just aiding the bacteria to thrive in the conditions. In other words, virus is acting just as a catalyst.

In option C, virus is observed to be the reason for the disease itself, without the bacteria, which goes against the conclusion of the study.

IMO, option B is the closest to the reasoning provided.

Your views are highly appreciated.
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A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacter 22 Aug 2025, 18:18
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I am still confused with C. If we clearly read the option, The virus alone has been observed in "many" cases of the disease. Now, "many" can be a 10k out of a 1M cases, which is eventually very subjective.

I would have easily chosen C if it were "most" instead of "many".
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