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I easily fall prey of this type of constructions: one with some sort of modifiers at the end
Pls experts canyou explain how to avoid pitfalls on Q's with prepositional, adjectival, or noun
modifiers at the end. Good examples would be much helpful.
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VeritasKarishma GMATNinja please help me with this question!
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execnitinsharma
All across Detroit, whitewashed fences, new roofs, and freshly painted porches are signs of a brisk urban renewal led by new immigrants, one clapboard house at a time.

A. renewal led by new immigrants, one clapboard house at a time
B. renewal led by new immigrants, with one clapboard house at a time
C. renewal that has been led by new immigrants, with one clapboard house at a time
D. renewal, which had been led by new immigrants, one clapboard house at a time
E. renewal, which has been led by new immigrants and one clapboard house at a time

Note the present tense of the non-underlined part of the sentence - "... are signs of ... renewal ..."
So the renewal is going on. Hence, use of present perfect or past perfect (which signals completion) is incorrect. Options (C), (D) and (E) use "had been led" or "has been led". But the leading and renewal are ongoing so all three options are incorrect.
In option (B), use of 'with' is incorrect. "one clapboard house at a time" is an absolute phrase modifying renewal. It is simply separated by commas and does not use a preposition.

Option (A) is correct.
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VeritasKarishma
execnitinsharma
All across Detroit, whitewashed fences, new roofs, and freshly painted porches are signs of a brisk urban renewal led by new immigrants, one clapboard house at a time.

A. renewal led by new immigrants, one clapboard house at a time
B. renewal led by new immigrants, with one clapboard house at a time
C. renewal that has been led by new immigrants, with one clapboard house at a time
D. renewal, which had been led by new immigrants, one clapboard house at a time
E. renewal, which has been led by new immigrants and one clapboard house at a time

Note the present tense of the non-underlined part of the sentence - "... are signs of ... renewal ..."
So the renewal is going on. Hence, use of present perfect or past perfect (which signals completion) is incorrect. Options (C), (D) and (E) use "had been led" or "has been led". But the leading and renewal are ongoing so all three options are incorrect.
In option (B), use of 'with' is incorrect. "one clapboard house at a time" is an absolute phrase modifying renewal. It is simply separated by commas and does not use a preposition.

Option (A) is correct.

VeritasKarishma i have a question in understanding the meaning...can the question mean that the renewal is complete but whitewashed fences, new roofs, and freshly painted porches - are signs which are present as the renewal is complete
or does it mean that renewal is still going on...
please shed some light!
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