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08 Jul 2024, 08:41
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Psychologist: In a study, children were observed in a room filled with various toys. When an adult was present in the room, the children were more likely to share toys with their siblings than with non-siblings.
Conclusion: This suggests that children are more inclined to share with family members when they feel they are being observed by an authority figure.
The psychologist's argument would be most strengthened if it were true that, during the study, the children exhibited increased sharing behavior when:
Incorrect
The statement strengthens the psychologist's argument since children are more likely to share toys with siblings in the presense of parents.
Correct
Incorrect
Incorrect
Incorrect
IMO B
Conclusion: This suggests that children are more inclined to share with family members when they feel they are being observed by an authority figure.
The psychologist's argument would be most strengthened if it were true that, during the study, the children exhibited increased sharing behavior when:
Quote:
The statement does not explain why children exhibited increased sharing behavior with their siblings than with non-siblings when they feel they are being observed by an authority figure.
Incorrect
Quote:
The children exhibited increased sharing behavior with their siblings than with non-siblings when they are being observed by a parent of the siblings, rather than a stranger or non-relative adult.
The statement strengthens the psychologist's argument since children are more likely to share toys with siblings in the presense of parents.
Correct
Quote:
The statement does not explain why the presence of an authority figure was needed in such case.
Incorrect
Quote:
The statement does not explain why the children shared toys with siblings and not with non-siblings & why presence of an authority figure was needed in such case.
Incorrect
Quote:
The statement does not explalin why the children shared toys with siblings and not with non-siblings in spite of the adult explicitly encouraged the children to share, regardless of whether the other child was a sibling or a non-sibling.
Incorrect
IMO B
08 Jul 2024, 08:41
Kudos
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Premise : Survey done on childrens.
Adult present --> children gave toys to siblings more likely than strangers.
Conclusion : Because of authority figure of adult --> more inclined to share family members.
Seems like a cause and effect, if we get a no alternative explanation it will strengthen the argument.
A. the toys in the room were new to the children, rather than toys they had previously played with at home. --> Alternate explanation, hence weakens --> INCORRECT.
B. the observing adult was a parent of the siblings, rather than a stranger or non-relative adult. --> So it is not the adult but the relationship with adult, hence it is an alternative explanation, hence weakens --> INCORRECT.
C. the siblings were younger and appeared to need help understanding how to use the toys, compared to non-siblings who were adept at using the toys. -->So it is basically something else but not the adults so alternate explanation --> Hence weakens, --> INCORRECT.
D. the room had more toys available than usual, making it easier for children to find and share multiple toys. --> So it is basically something else but not the adults so alternate explanation --> Hence weakens, --> INCORRECT.[/b]
E. the adult explicitly encouraged the children to share, regardless of whether the other child was a sibling or a non-sibling. --> So it says that it is definitely the adults who has encouraged the kids, hence it strengthens with no alternate explanation --> CORRECT.
Adult present --> children gave toys to siblings more likely than strangers.
Conclusion : Because of authority figure of adult --> more inclined to share family members.
Seems like a cause and effect, if we get a no alternative explanation it will strengthen the argument.
A. the toys in the room were new to the children, rather than toys they had previously played with at home. --> Alternate explanation, hence weakens --> INCORRECT.
B. the observing adult was a parent of the siblings, rather than a stranger or non-relative adult. --> So it is not the adult but the relationship with adult, hence it is an alternative explanation, hence weakens --> INCORRECT.
C. the siblings were younger and appeared to need help understanding how to use the toys, compared to non-siblings who were adept at using the toys. -->So it is basically something else but not the adults so alternate explanation --> Hence weakens, --> INCORRECT.
D. the room had more toys available than usual, making it easier for children to find and share multiple toys. --> So it is basically something else but not the adults so alternate explanation --> Hence weakens, --> INCORRECT.[/b]
E. the adult explicitly encouraged the children to share, regardless of whether the other child was a sibling or a non-sibling. --> So it says that it is definitely the adults who has encouraged the kids, hence it strengthens with no alternate explanation --> CORRECT.
08 Jul 2024, 08:43
Kudos
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Psychologist concludes that children are more inclined to share various toys with their siblings than non siblings when children feel that they are being supervised by an authority figure. Author might have assumed that the choice or behavior of sharing toys with siblings than non-siblings is influenced by presence of adult in the room. Prethinking indicates that may the authority person may be known than the unknown, like parents or other elders.
(A) the toys in the room were new to the children, rather than toys they had previously played with at home. This option is incorrect as brand new toys may trigger the decision of sharing behavior but it does not shed lights that why those new toys are shared with sibling but not non-siblings.
(B) the observing adult was a parent of the siblings, rather than a stranger or non-relative adult. This option aligns with prethinking and hence it's the correct one. It suggests that the presence of a known authority figure, either mother or father, has a more impact on children's decision to share toys with siblings, thus it strengthens the conclusion.
(C) the siblings were younger and appeared to need help understanding how to use the toys, compared to non-siblings who were adept at using the toys. This option is incorrect as it does not explains the behavioral choice of childrens in presence of authority. If this option is correct, then they also may display such decision in absence of authority also.
(D) the room had more toys available than usual, making it easier for children to find and share multiple toys. This seems out of scope.
(E) the adult explicitly encouraged the children to share, regardless of whether the other child was a sibling or a non-sibling. This option is also wrong as it does not display the reasons for sharing with sibling only (not with
non-siblings) as per argument.
(A) the toys in the room were new to the children, rather than toys they had previously played with at home. This option is incorrect as brand new toys may trigger the decision of sharing behavior but it does not shed lights that why those new toys are shared with sibling but not non-siblings.
(B) the observing adult was a parent of the siblings, rather than a stranger or non-relative adult. This option aligns with prethinking and hence it's the correct one. It suggests that the presence of a known authority figure, either mother or father, has a more impact on children's decision to share toys with siblings, thus it strengthens the conclusion.
(C) the siblings were younger and appeared to need help understanding how to use the toys, compared to non-siblings who were adept at using the toys. This option is incorrect as it does not explains the behavioral choice of childrens in presence of authority. If this option is correct, then they also may display such decision in absence of authority also.
(D) the room had more toys available than usual, making it easier for children to find and share multiple toys. This seems out of scope.
(E) the adult explicitly encouraged the children to share, regardless of whether the other child was a sibling or a non-sibling. This option is also wrong as it does not display the reasons for sharing with sibling only (not with
non-siblings) as per argument.
