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20 Jul 2024, 01:43
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Given>
Improper disposal of waste==clogs the city's drainage systems==>Urban flooding
Most of this waste comes from disposable plastic products.
Goal - Significantly reduce urban flooding incidents.
Proposal - Ban the use of all single-use plastics.
We need to strengthen the proposal, its effectiveness.
A. We already know waste comes from disposable plastic products.
B. Not in Scope- The city would have multiple benefits is not we are discussing in the argument
C. Not in Scope -landfill waste and improvements in overall environmental quality.
D. Not in Scope - Cost is not in scope.
E. Bingo- Majority of debris removed from Centerville’s drainage systems is identified as single-use plastic.
Ans- E
Improper disposal of waste==clogs the city's drainage systems==>Urban flooding
Most of this waste comes from disposable plastic products.
Goal - Significantly reduce urban flooding incidents.
Proposal - Ban the use of all single-use plastics.
We need to strengthen the proposal, its effectiveness.
A. We already know waste comes from disposable plastic products.
B. Not in Scope- The city would have multiple benefits is not we are discussing in the argument
C. Not in Scope -landfill waste and improvements in overall environmental quality.
D. Not in Scope - Cost is not in scope.
E. Bingo- Majority of debris removed from Centerville’s drainage systems is identified as single-use plastic.
Ans- E
20 Jul 2024, 01:54
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City Councilor Statement: The majority of urban flooding in Centerville is caused by improper disposal of waste, which clogs the city's drainage systems during heavy rainfalls. As most of this waste comes from disposable plastic products, the city proposes to ban the use of all single-use plastics. By implementing this ban, we believe that we will significantly reduce urban flooding incidents.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the claim that the proposal, if carried out, will have the announced effect?
to prove by banning single use plastic. We will significantly reduce our flattering incidents,
(A) Centerville's waste management system efficiently processes non-plastic materials, which rarely contribute to drainage blockages. Maybe hold
(B) The disposal of single-use plastics in Centerville consumes more resources and energy than any other type of disposable products, thus if single-use plastics are banned, the city would have multiple benefits.
Resource and energy and other issues are not the concern, eliminate
(C) Cities that have banned single-use plastics have observed significant reductions in landfill waste and improvements in overall environmental quality. landfill, reduction, and improvement of overall environment quality is not the concern, eliminate
(D) The cost of cleaning the city's drainage systems after floods is significantly higher than the projected costs of enforcing the plastic ban. cost is not the concern, eliminate
(E) On days following heavy rainfall, the majority of debris removed from Centerville’s drainage systems is identified as single-use plastic. on the following day of heavy rainfall, single use plastics has the highest share among other debris. Hold
Among A and E
A suggest all non-plastics gases processed easily by waste management system, which implies only plastics are left on processed
E suggests On days, following heavy rainfall, single use plastic are found more
Since our concern is on the day of heavy rainfall and not on the following days, option a is a better option
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the claim that the proposal, if carried out, will have the announced effect?
to prove by banning single use plastic. We will significantly reduce our flattering incidents,
(A) Centerville's waste management system efficiently processes non-plastic materials, which rarely contribute to drainage blockages. Maybe hold
(B) The disposal of single-use plastics in Centerville consumes more resources and energy than any other type of disposable products, thus if single-use plastics are banned, the city would have multiple benefits.
Resource and energy and other issues are not the concern, eliminate
(C) Cities that have banned single-use plastics have observed significant reductions in landfill waste and improvements in overall environmental quality. landfill, reduction, and improvement of overall environment quality is not the concern, eliminate
(D) The cost of cleaning the city's drainage systems after floods is significantly higher than the projected costs of enforcing the plastic ban. cost is not the concern, eliminate
(E) On days following heavy rainfall, the majority of debris removed from Centerville’s drainage systems is identified as single-use plastic. on the following day of heavy rainfall, single use plastics has the highest share among other debris. Hold
Among A and E
A suggest all non-plastics gases processed easily by waste management system, which implies only plastics are left on processed
E suggests On days, following heavy rainfall, single use plastic are found more
Since our concern is on the day of heavy rainfall and not on the following days, option a is a better option
20 Jul 2024, 02:22
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Here we are.
At the finish.
We need a miracle to win this competition.
But we gave whatever we could.
For the last time, here is my explanation:
Identify the Question:
We are dealing with an strengthen question. We should focus on Premises and Conclusion.
We need to find the gaps in the argument and try to make the argument more likely to be true.
Deconstruct the Argument:
City Councilor Statement: The majority of urban flooding in Centerville is caused by improper disposal of waste, which clogs the city's drainage systems during heavy rainfalls. -Background.
As most of this waste comes from disposable plastic products, - Premise
the city proposes to ban the use of all single-use plastics. - Proposal
By implementing this ban, we believe that we will significantly reduce urban flooding incidents - Goal (Conclusion).
State the goal:
In Strengthen questions, we look for gaps (assumptions) that the author makes in order to reach his conclusion (as previously stated).
I can think of a few gaps here.
How does waste disposal clog the city's system? Does it get stuck in the tubes because people throw it in inappropriate places, or because they throw it into the rainwater drainage holes?
Second, even if the majority of waste is plastic, is it possible that other types of waste are clogging the drainage? Yes, it is.
Thus, the City Councilor assumes that the plastic is the source of the problem.
Also, the city councilors believe that implementing this plan will SIGNIFICANTLY reduce the problem.
With that in mind, let us see what the answer choices have to offer.
Elimination
A) Irrelevant Distinction - We are focusing on Plastic disposal, and that the plan will succeed in stopping the flooding; the non-plastic is irrelevant to our conclusion or strengthening it - eliminate.
B) Irrelevant Distinction - Quite similar to A, we are focusing on plastic disposal and that the plan will succeed in stopping flooding; the other benefits the city will gain are irrelevant to our argument; in fact, it makes the argument go the other way. - eliminate.
C) No tie - Our goal is not to improve environmental quality or reduce landfill waste; instead, we want to focus on reducing flooding in the city and eliminating it.
D) No tie - The city councilor is not concerned with the costs of implementing the plan; instead, they are concerned with whether the plan will work. This answer choice has no bearing on the argument. - eliminate.
E) Correct - This answer, if true, strengthened our argument by stating that the majority of single-use plastics get stuck in drainage systems. Knowing this, we can be more confident that banning these plastics will reduce flooding in the city.
THE END
I hope you liked the explanation; I did my best here.
Please let me know if you have any further questions about this question or my explanation.
At the finish.
We need a miracle to win this competition.
But we gave whatever we could.
For the last time, here is my explanation:
Identify the Question:
We are dealing with an strengthen question. We should focus on Premises and Conclusion.
We need to find the gaps in the argument and try to make the argument more likely to be true.
Deconstruct the Argument:
City Councilor Statement: The majority of urban flooding in Centerville is caused by improper disposal of waste, which clogs the city's drainage systems during heavy rainfalls. -Background.
As most of this waste comes from disposable plastic products, - Premise
the city proposes to ban the use of all single-use plastics. - Proposal
By implementing this ban, we believe that we will significantly reduce urban flooding incidents - Goal (Conclusion).
State the goal:
In Strengthen questions, we look for gaps (assumptions) that the author makes in order to reach his conclusion (as previously stated).
I can think of a few gaps here.
How does waste disposal clog the city's system? Does it get stuck in the tubes because people throw it in inappropriate places, or because they throw it into the rainwater drainage holes?
Second, even if the majority of waste is plastic, is it possible that other types of waste are clogging the drainage? Yes, it is.
Thus, the City Councilor assumes that the plastic is the source of the problem.
Also, the city councilors believe that implementing this plan will SIGNIFICANTLY reduce the problem.
With that in mind, let us see what the answer choices have to offer.
Elimination
A) Irrelevant Distinction - We are focusing on Plastic disposal, and that the plan will succeed in stopping the flooding; the non-plastic is irrelevant to our conclusion or strengthening it - eliminate.
B) Irrelevant Distinction - Quite similar to A, we are focusing on plastic disposal and that the plan will succeed in stopping flooding; the other benefits the city will gain are irrelevant to our argument; in fact, it makes the argument go the other way. - eliminate.
C) No tie - Our goal is not to improve environmental quality or reduce landfill waste; instead, we want to focus on reducing flooding in the city and eliminating it.
D) No tie - The city councilor is not concerned with the costs of implementing the plan; instead, they are concerned with whether the plan will work. This answer choice has no bearing on the argument. - eliminate.
E) Correct - This answer, if true, strengthened our argument by stating that the majority of single-use plastics get stuck in drainage systems. Knowing this, we can be more confident that banning these plastics will reduce flooding in the city.
THE END
I hope you liked the explanation; I did my best here.
Please let me know if you have any further questions about this question or my explanation.
