winterschool
Q1. Bacteria and archaea, collectively known as prokaryotes, are present on every continent and make up around half of the global biomass -- the total weight of all organisms on Earth. Most prokaryotes perform respiration that uses energy and releases carbon dioxide, contributing to climate warming. Therefore, as global temperatures rise, prokaryotes could increase climate warming at a faster rate than current models suggest. Which of the following would it be most useful to know in order to evaluate the argument? A. The relationship between temperature and the prokaryote’s carbon output is inversely proportional. B. The amount of carbon dioxide released by a prokaryote in a given period of time depends on its weight C. The carbon output of the prokaryote during a given time period depends on its respiration rate, which is positively correlated to changes in temperature. D. Some prokaryotes will increase their carbon output in response to higher temperatures E. The relationship between temperature and the prokaryote’s respiration rate is inversely proportional Difficulty - Hard
winterschool
Q2. Using rational argument in advertisements does not persuade people to buy the products being advertised. Therefore, advertisers who replace rational argument with nonrational appeals to emotion in advertisements will persuade people to buy the products being advertised. Which one of the following contains flawed reasoning most similar to the flawed reasoning in the argument above? (A) People who ask others for favors are refused. Therefore, anyone who has not had the experience of being refused has never asked for a favor. (B) In the past, people who have tried to solve their problems by discussing them have often failed. Therefore, in the future, people who try to solve their problems by discussing them will often fail. (C) Using a computer has not improved students’ writing skills. Thus, students should not try to improve their writing skills by using a computer. (D) A person who does not have positive letters of reference cannot get a good job. Therefore, the better the letters of reference a person has, the better the job that person will get. (E) People never learn to program a computer by reading poorly written directions. Therefore, if people read well-written directions, they will learn to program a computer. Difficulty - Hard
CR Questions May - 27 :Q1. Animals eat a wide variety of food, sometimes taking a relatively large amount of time in handling the prey, an activity that includes capturing, killing, eating and digesting the food, and sometimes a relatively short amount of time. Probably, the reason behind such behavior is that animals make feeding choices based on the goal to maximize their net energy intake per unit time, leaving them with more time and energy for other important activities such as finding a mate or caring for an offspring; for instance, __________________________
Which of the following, if true, most logically completes the above argument?
(A) some species of insects are ultimate feeding specialists, feeding only on a single plant species, whereas certain animals such as the opossum eat everything from insects and berries to garbage
(B) using their biological reaction to a certain food item as a guide, some animals sometimes make the decision to avoid a particular prey altogether.
(C) animals spend more time on handling food items that provide more kilocalories, and less on food that provides relatively fewer kilocalories.
(D) under the risk of predation, animals sometimes select such preys that may not be their first choice but that are safer to consume as these preys lie in relatively predator free regions.
(E) the foraging behavior of animals is determined by the phenomenon of natural selection in which certain biological traits become either more or less common as a species goes through the process of evolution.
Q2. Loneliness is commonly reported in elderly populations. A study of elderly people found that those who owned dogs reported feeling less lonely than those who did not own dogs. Clearly, an elderly person who adopts a pet will be less likely to suffer feelings of loneliness than an elderly person without a pet.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the argument above?
(A) Owning a pet has been linked to several health benefits, including lower blood pressure.
(B) Some people feel that cats do not engage socially with their owners as much as dogs do.
(C) The number of elderly people who own pets is projected to rise in the coming years.
(D) A large percentage of elderly dog owners report taking their dogs for walks and to dog parks.
(E) Pets other than dogs provide the same benefits of companionship as do dogs.
Difficulty - Hard