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Updated on: 07 Feb 2021, 00:59
Originally posted by EBITDA on 02 Jun 2016, 09:15.
Last edited by Sajjad1994 on 07 Feb 2021, 00:59, edited 6 times in total.
Last edited by Sajjad1994 on 07 Feb 2021, 00:59, edited 6 times in total.
Updated - Complete topic (739).
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Question 1
D
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
65%
(hard)
Question Stats:
51% (03:11) correct
49%
(03:13) wrong
based on 355
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Question 2
B
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
5%
(low)
Question Stats:
93% (00:36) correct 7%
(00:48) wrong
based on 388
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Question 3
B
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
65%
(hard)
Question Stats:
45% (01:06) correct 55%
(01:31) wrong
based on 382
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
New Project RC Butler 2019 - Practice 2 RC Passages Everyday
Passage # 81, Date : 13-MAR-2019
This post is a part of New Project RC Butler 2019. Click here for Details
Passage # 81, Date : 13-MAR-2019
This post is a part of New Project RC Butler 2019. Click here for Details
One of the most studied senses is vision. Scientists have
carefully unraveled the connections of brain cells in the
visual system and have studied how they respond to light.
so we have many clues about how the brain takes visual
(5) images apart. What is particularly elusive, however, is
how the brain puts the pieces back together, turning
two-dimensional patterns of light on the retinas into our
perception of the visual world. In one case, however, the
perception of color, we are beginning to get a good idea of
(10) how the brain operates.
Most people think that the balance of red, green, and blue
light reflected from an object into the eye determines the
object's color. It is easy to demonstrate that this notion is
not true, however, simply by noting that objects remain the
(15) same color in daylight, fluorescent light. and incandescent
light, each of which contains a mix of wavelengths of light
very different from the others. Edwin Land, inventor of the
instant camera, has provided an explanation of this phe-
nomenon in what he calls the retinex theory, a term that
(20) combines “retina” and “cortex” to suggest that both parts
of the visual system are involved in perceiving color.
Retinex theory proposes that the retina and the cortex
cooperate to perform some complex computations on
the basis of light received from all areas within the visual
(25) landscape. A separate computation is carried out for each
of three wavelengths of light that correspond to what we
normally think of as red, green, and blue; the wavelengths
to which the three types of receptors in the retina are most
sensitive. According to the theory, the color we perceive at
(30) a particular location is determined by three numbers, com-
puted by dividing the amount of light received from that
location at each wavelength by a weighted average of the
amount of light at that wavelength received from all parts
of the field of vision. The weighted average gives more
(35) weight to light coming from close to the location in ques-
tion than to that coming from far away. The three numbers,
coordinates in a color space of three dimensions, uniquely
determine the color we see, just as the three dimensions
of physical space uniquely define the location of an object.
(40) Land has conducted a number of experiments showing that
the numbers computed in this way correctly predict what
color an observer will see under a number of unusual light-
ing conditions.
This remarkable theory suggests that our visual systems
(45) evolved so that we see the colors of objects as the same,
regardless of the mix of wavelengths of light falling on our
retinas. Furthermore, this complex computation is carried
out virtually instantaneously without our even being aware
of it.
carefully unraveled the connections of brain cells in the
visual system and have studied how they respond to light.
so we have many clues about how the brain takes visual
(5) images apart. What is particularly elusive, however, is
how the brain puts the pieces back together, turning
two-dimensional patterns of light on the retinas into our
perception of the visual world. In one case, however, the
perception of color, we are beginning to get a good idea of
(10) how the brain operates.
Most people think that the balance of red, green, and blue
light reflected from an object into the eye determines the
object's color. It is easy to demonstrate that this notion is
not true, however, simply by noting that objects remain the
(15) same color in daylight, fluorescent light. and incandescent
light, each of which contains a mix of wavelengths of light
very different from the others. Edwin Land, inventor of the
instant camera, has provided an explanation of this phe-
nomenon in what he calls the retinex theory, a term that
(20) combines “retina” and “cortex” to suggest that both parts
of the visual system are involved in perceiving color.
Retinex theory proposes that the retina and the cortex
cooperate to perform some complex computations on
the basis of light received from all areas within the visual
(25) landscape. A separate computation is carried out for each
of three wavelengths of light that correspond to what we
normally think of as red, green, and blue; the wavelengths
to which the three types of receptors in the retina are most
sensitive. According to the theory, the color we perceive at
(30) a particular location is determined by three numbers, com-
puted by dividing the amount of light received from that
location at each wavelength by a weighted average of the
amount of light at that wavelength received from all parts
of the field of vision. The weighted average gives more
(35) weight to light coming from close to the location in ques-
tion than to that coming from far away. The three numbers,
coordinates in a color space of three dimensions, uniquely
determine the color we see, just as the three dimensions
of physical space uniquely define the location of an object.
(40) Land has conducted a number of experiments showing that
the numbers computed in this way correctly predict what
color an observer will see under a number of unusual light-
ing conditions.
This remarkable theory suggests that our visual systems
(45) evolved so that we see the colors of objects as the same,
regardless of the mix of wavelengths of light falling on our
retinas. Furthermore, this complex computation is carried
out virtually instantaneously without our even being aware
of it.
1. According to the passage, the proportions of red, green, and blue light reflected by an object cannot be the sole determinants of the object’s color because
A. color information about three wavelengths is not sufficient to produce the full spectrum of possible colors.
B. the perceived color of an object changes with the ambient lighting of the object’s environment.
C. the image of an object is formed not by light coming from the object itself, but from other parts of the field of vision.
D. variations in the mix of wavelengths illuminating an object do not affect its color.
E. this information varies according to the object’s proximity to the viewer.
A. color information about three wavelengths is not sufficient to produce the full spectrum of possible colors.
B. the perceived color of an object changes with the ambient lighting of the object’s environment.
C. the image of an object is formed not by light coming from the object itself, but from other parts of the field of vision.
D. variations in the mix of wavelengths illuminating an object do not affect its color.
E. this information varies according to the object’s proximity to the viewer.
2. The passage suggests that Edwin Land created the name retinex (line 19) for his optical theory in order to
A. distinguish his theory from rival theories of the retina’s operation.
B. indicate that both the retina and the cortex are involved in color perception.
C. differentiate between the actions of the retina and the actions of the cortex.
D. imply that properties ascribed to the retina actually belong to the cortex.
E. indicate that the cortex and the retina work together in perceiving location.
A. distinguish his theory from rival theories of the retina’s operation.
B. indicate that both the retina and the cortex are involved in color perception.
C. differentiate between the actions of the retina and the actions of the cortex.
D. imply that properties ascribed to the retina actually belong to the cortex.
E. indicate that the cortex and the retina work together in perceiving location.
3. It can be inferred from the passage that if the balance of red, green, and blue light entering the eye determined color, the apparent color of an object could be expected to change if the object were moved
A. from a blue background to a bright yellow background.
B. from a sunlit room to a room with fluorescent lights.
C. to a different set of coordinates in physical space.
D. close enough to take up the viewer’s entire field of vision.
E. to a new area in the viewer’s visual landscape.
A. from a blue background to a bright yellow background.
B. from a sunlit room to a room with fluorescent lights.
C. to a different set of coordinates in physical space.
D. close enough to take up the viewer’s entire field of vision.
E. to a new area in the viewer’s visual landscape.
The Princeton Review Crash Course for the GMAT 2013 (170)
Difficulty Level: 650
Difficulty Level: 650
02 Jun 2016, 11:51
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IMO, E is the correct option because the last 2-3 sentences in 3rd paragraph tell us that more weightage is given to a source which is located nearby. In other words colour emanated from an object is dependent not only on the mix of different wavelengths but also on its distance from observer. Option C mentions something about other fields of vision that is not mentioned or cannot be infered from the passage. Otion D is not true as colour of a body depends on the proportion of the wavelengths as explained in 3rd paragraph
09 Mar 2018, 14:25
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Reagarding question 3: option D is correct because of this highlighted part of the reading passage.
Most people think that the balance of red, green and blue light reflected from an object into the eye determines the object's colour. It is easy to demonstrate that this notion is not true, however, simply by noting that objects remain the same colour in daylight, fluorescent light and incandescent light, each of which contains a mix of wavelengths of light very different from the others.
Most people think that the balance of red, green and blue light reflected from an object into the eye determines the object's colour. It is easy to demonstrate that this notion is not true, however, simply by noting that objects remain the same colour in daylight, fluorescent light and incandescent light, each of which contains a mix of wavelengths of light very different from the others.
