| Critical Reasoning Butler: May 2025 |
| May 19 | CR 1 | CR 2 |
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CR 1 Of late, several waste management companies have reported that the percentage of plastic items in the waste they collect for disposal in landfills has been increasing.
This fact, however, does not warrant the conclusion that the administration’s efforts to dissuade people from throwing plastic items in their garbage have failed. It’s just that, of late, more and more quantities of other waste products such as glass, paper and metal items are being recycled,
leading to an overall decrease in the quantity of waste that needs to be disposed in landfills and thereby to an increase in the ‘percentage’ of plastic items that have to be disposed off in landfills.
In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
(A) The first provides a conclusion that the argument disagrees with; the second provides evidence in support of the disagreement.
(B) The first is the primary conclusion of the argument and the second provides further support for this conclusion.
(C) The first is a claim that the argument goes on to dispute; the second provides support for the primary conclusion of the argument as a whole.
(D) The first provides evidence to support an explanation that the argument favors; the second is that explanation.
(E) The first provides evidence to support an explanation that the argument rejects; the second is a competing explanation that the argument favors.
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CR 2 A decade after a logging operation in India began cutting down trees in a territory that serves as a sanctuary for Bengal tigers, the incidence of tigers attacking humans in nearby villages has increased by 300 percent. Because the logging operation has reduced the number of acres of woodland per tiger on average from 15 acres to approximately 12 acres, scientists have theorized that tigers must need a minimum number of acres of woodland in order to remain content.
Which of the following statements, if true, would most strengthen the scientists’ hypothesis?
(A) In other wildlife areas in India where the number of acres of woodland per tiger remains at least 15 acres, there has been no increase in the number of tiger attacks on humans.
(B) Before the logging operation began, there were many fewer humans living in the area.
(C) The largest number of acres per tiger before the logging operation began was 32 acres per tiger in one area of the sanctuary, whereas the smallest number of acres per tiger after the logging operation was 9 acres.
(D) Other species of wild animals have begun competing with the Bengal tigers for the dwindling food supply.
(E) The Bengal tiger has become completely extinct in other areas of Asia.