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In many so-called "pro-drop" or "pronoun-drop" languages, verbs inflect for number and person. In other words, by adding a prefix or suffix or by changing in some other way, the verb itself indicates whether the subject is singular or plural, as well as whether the subject is first person (/ or we), second person (you), or third person (he, she, it, or they). For example, in Portuguese, which is at least partially a pro-drop language, the verb fato means "I speak": the -o at the end of the word indicates first person, singular subject (as well as present tense). As a result, the subject pronoun eu, which means "I" in Portuguese, does not need to be used with falo except to emphasize who is doing the speaking.
It should be noted that not every language that drops its pronouns inflects its verbs. Neither Chinese nor Japanese verbs, for instance, change form at all to indicate number or person; however, personal pronouns are regularly omitted in both speech and writing, leaving the proper meaning to be inferred from contextual clues. Moreover, not every language that inflects its verbs drops subject pronouns in all non-emphatic contexts. Linguists argue about the pro-drop status of the Russian language, but there is no doubt that, although the Russian present-tense verb govoryu ("I speak") unambiguously indicates a first person, singular subject, it is common for Russian speakers to express "I speak" as ya govoryu, in which ya means "I," without indicating either emphasis or contrast. Nevertheless, Russian speakers do frequently drop subject and object pronouns; one study of adult and child speech indicated a pro-drop rate of 40-80%. Moreover, personal pronouns must in fact be dropped in some Russian sentences in order to convey particular meanings. It seems safe to conjecture that languages whose verbs inflect unambiguously for person and number permit pronoun dropping, if only under certain circumstances, in order to accelerate communication without loss of meaning. After all, in these languages, both the subject pronoun and the verb inflection convey the same information, so there is no real need both to include the subject pronoun and to inflect the verb
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