Divided into four sections, one for each strategy

Question

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Divided into four sections, one for each strategy,  the book In One Peace analyzes various strategic choices that can be useful in conflict areas, which presents interviews with generations of leaders including  Reagan and Merkel.

A. the book In One Peace analyzes various strategic choices that can be useful in conflict areas, which presents interviews with generations of leaders including

B. analyzing various strategic choices that decision makers in conflict areas can make use of, the book In One Peace, presenting interviews with generations of leaders whose ranks include

C. the book In One Peace analyzes various strategic choices that can be useful in conflict areas, presenting interviews with generations of leaders including"

D. the book In One Peace analyzes various strategic choices that can be useful in conflict areas, presenting interviews with generations of leaders whose ranks include

E. and analyzing various useful strategic choices for decision makers in conflict areas, the book In One Peace presents interviews with generations of leaders including

balaji4799 · Answer

Good question, I believe the answer should be 'D', because the starting 'Divided into four sections, one for each strategy,' modify the book so the following clause should start with 'the book' so B and E are out. In A 'which' illogically modifies 'conflict areas' hence out. Here I am a little confused between C and D. I think 'Reagan and Merkel' symbolizes the type of people but not the actual people itself. Hence I thought C is out and D is final answer.
I may be totally wrong. Please correct me, am happy to learn.

seed · Answer

A. the book In One Peace analyzes various strategic choices that can be useful in conflict areas, which presents interviews with generations of leaders including - Incorrect. Which refers to areas.

B. analyzing various strategic choices that decision makers in conflict areas can make use of, the book In One Peace, presenting interviews with generations of leaders whose ranks include Incorrect. Modifier errors "Divided into four sections" should modify "The Book".

C. the book In One Peace analyzes various strategic choices that can be useful in conflict areas, presenting interviews with generations of leaders including" - Correct. Modifier "Divided into four sections" refers to "The Book". S-V is correct.

D. the book In One Peace analyzes various strategic choices that can be useful in conflict areas, presenting interviews with generations of leaders whose ranks include - Incorrect. Change of meaning - Ranks of "Reagan and Merkel" they are people not Ranks. S-V error. Leaders - Ranks.

E. and analyzing various useful strategic choices for decision makers in conflict areas, the book In One Peace presents interviews with generations of leaders including - Incorrect. Parallelism and modifier errors. Modifier errors "Divided into four sections" should modify "The Book".

Answer: (C).

souvonik2k · Answer

'Divided into four sections' is the modifier which must modify the 'book'. Hence options B, E are out.
In option A: 'the book In One Peace analyzes various strategic choices that can be useful in conflict areas,  which  presents interviews with generations of leaders including' - here 'which' modifies conflict areas whereas it should be modifying the 'book'.

In option C: 'the book In One Peace analyzes various strategic choices that can be useful in conflict areas, presenting interviews with generations of leaders including' - the best and concise option.

In option D: 'the book In One Peace analyzes various strategic choices that can be useful in conflict areas, presenting interviews with generations of leaders  whose ranks include ' - using 'including' is more precise. 'whose ranks include' is unnecessarily wordy and should be 'rank' to represent leaders.

Answer C.

pawanpoolla · Answer

The correct answer is option D.

Here is why: 
This is primarily a misplaced modifier question . "Divided into four section" is a modifier and is intended to modify the book in this case. Additionally, we need to take care that the original meaning of the sentence doesn't change. Now let's look at the options:

A. which modified the adjacent noun i.e. conflicting areas. This is incorrect.

B. Misplaced modifier, hence incorrect

E. While the parallelism is maintained ( adj. and adj.) but in the new form the sentence's original intent is changes. Hence incorrect

C. & D. are identical except the use of "including" vs "whose ranks include". The phrase whose ranks include is used to make a more generic statement and seems to be aligned to the intent of the writer. Hence option D.

twister68 · Answer

Why not (E). Though C is grammatically correct, E presents a concise meaning. Can someone tell the correct answer pls

gmatexam439 · Answer

Answer should be D. Awaiting OA

Divided into four sections, one for each strategy,  the book In One Peace analyzes various strategic choices that can be useful in conflict areas, which presents interviews with generations of leaders including  Reagan and Merkel.

A. the book In One Peace analyzes various strategic choices that can be useful in conflict areas, which presents interviews with generations of leaders including -- Wrong. "generations of leaders" including is wrong. Generations don't include Reagan and Merkel

B. analyzing various strategic choices that decision makers in conflict areas can make use of, the book In One Peace, presenting interviews with generations of leaders whose ranks include -- Modifier error

C. the book In One Peace analyzes various strategic choices that can be useful in conflict areas, presenting interviews with generations of leaders including" -- Same error as stated in option A

D. the book In One Peace analyzes various strategic choices that can be useful in conflict areas, presenting interviews with generations of leaders whose ranks include -- Correct

E. and analyzing various useful strategic choices for decision makers in conflict areas, the book In One Peace presents interviews with generations of leaders including -- Same error as described in A

seed · Answer

E. and analyzing various useful strategic choices for decision makers in conflict areas, the book In One Peace presents interviews with generations of leaders including

- Not an expert but please see if the explanation helps you to eliminate E.

Option E has two errors:

1) Divided into four sections - is a verb+ed modifier and it should modify "The Book". If we ask the question what is divided into four sections, the answer would come as "The Book" not "and analyzing".

Divided into four sections , one for each strategy,  and analyzing  various useful strategic choices for decision makers in conflict areas,  the book  In One Peace presents interviews with generations of leaders including

2) Even if someone says that "Divided into four sections" "and analyzing various useful strategic choices ....." is modifying "The Book" and is concise then also its incorrect. This will involve a parallelism error between "Divided into four sections" "and analyzing".

Divided into four sections , one for each strategy,  and analyzing  various useful strategic choices for decision makers in conflict areas, the book In One Peace presents interviews with generations of leaders including

gmatexam439 · Answer

That's a good point raised there. But I believe that parallelism isn't an issue here. The book is divided and analysis something. I think "divided" and "analysing" are both participles here acting as modifiers and are parallel.

The issue here is of "generations of leaders including". Generations don't include 2 people but the ranks of authors of that generation include those 2 people.

I would love to hear  GMATNinja  sire's views on this one, especially on parallelism point!!

ronilbhan · Answer

Ans D.
Divided into four sections modifies the book so B and E are out.
"which" in A is wrong.
In C including is wrong

aditya201819 · Answer

Between D & E I will go with D.
In E generations of leaders including is wrong- Since Regan & Merkel are leaders not generation of leaders.

souvik101990 · Answer

pawanpoolla  - congratulations on nailing this one. Shoot me a PM to claim your GMAT Club tests subscription!

itisSheldon · Answer

souvik101990  can you post the OE for this question.

seed · Answer

souvik101990  Once the quiz/test is over, it would be helpful if the partners of GST can give the official explanation of these questions.

seed · Answer

Hello Experts, please help me understand why D is correct over C?

pikolo2510 · Answer

Reagan and Merkel are part of that group. Hence the use of "including" is incorrect. In C, It seems like "Reagan and Merkel" are not part of the "generations of leaders" but still are included in that group

Whereas in D, we get the meaning that "Reagan and Merkel" are part of "generations of leaders" and the author wants to highlight that they are part of that group.

There is a slight meaning change and thats you select D over C

Hope this helps

slayer1983 · Answer

If the phrase " generations of leaders  including Reagan and Merkel" is reread as "generations of  leaders including Reagan and Merkel ", will that sort out the issue with option C?

arya251294 · Answer

GMATNinja   VeritasKarishma  Need your help here, does this sentence have a parallelism issue?
are "divided" and "analyzing" unparallel?
or are they both considered as participle modifiers and thus parallel?

JDLaw · Answer

A. the book In One Peace analyzes various strategic choices that can be useful in conflict areas,  which presents  interviews with generations of leaders including 
 Modifies conflict areas

B.  analyzing various strategic  choices that decision makers in conflict areas can make use of, the book In One Peace, presenting interviews with generations of leaders whose ranks include
 Sentence should start with the book as the non underlined portion modifies the book

C. the book In One Peace analyzes various strategic choices that can be useful in conflict areas, presenting interviews with generations of  leaders including "
 How can generation of leaders include two specific people? these people do not represent a generation

D. the book In One Peace analyzes various strategic choices that can be useful in conflict areas, presenting interviews with generations of leaders whose ranks include 
 ranks is showing that these generation had leaders of mentioned caliber

E.  and analyzing  various useful strategic choices for decision makers in conflict areas, the book In One Peace presents interviews with generations of leaders including
 Sentence should start with the book as the non underlined portion modifies the book

Divided into four sections, one for each strategy

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Divided into four sections, one for each strategy

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