We are given:
• There are 20 machines, each with a different constant rate.
• Each day, exactly 2 machines work, and no pair repeats.
• After all unique pairs of machines have worked, all 20 machines work together for 6 days to finish the job.
• We must find: how many days total would it take if all 20 machines worked together from the beginning to complete the job.
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🔹 Step 1: How many unique pairs of machines?
From 20 machines, the number of unique pairs is:
\binom{20}{2} = \frac{20 \cdot 19}{2} = 190 \text{ pairs}
So, for the first 190 days, each day 2 machines work (no repeats), and each unique pair works once.
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🔹 Step 2: Let each machine M_i have a rate r_i
The total work is fixed. Let’s call the total work = W.
Let’s compute total work done in the first 190 days.
Each day, 2 machines M_i and M_j work, contributing r_i + r_j units of work that day.
So over 190 days, the total work done is the sum over all 190 pairs of r_i + r_j
Key idea: each machine appears in exactly 19 pairs (because each machine pairs with every other machine once: 20 - 1 = 19)
So the total contribution of machine M_k over the 190 days is:
\text{Machine } M_k \text{ appears in 19 days} \Rightarrow \text{contributes } 19 \cdot r_k
Thus, total work done in first 190 days is:
\sum_{k=1}^{20} 19 \cdot r_k = 19 \cdot \sum_{k=1}^{20} r_k
Now, for the next 6 days, all 20 machines work together:
\text{Daily rate of all 20 machines together} = \sum_{k=1}^{20} r_k
\Rightarrow \text{Total work in 6 days} = 6 \cdot \sum_{k=1}^{20} r_k
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🔹 Step 3: Total work = work from first phase + work from second phase
W = 19 \cdot \sum r_k + 6 \cdot \sum r_k = 25 \cdot \sum r_k
Now, if all 20 machines had worked together from the beginning, their daily rate would be \sum r_k, so:
\text{Number of days to complete work} = \frac{W}{\sum r_k} = \frac{25 \cdot \sum r_k}{\sum r_k} = \boxed{25}
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✅ Final Answer: B. 25