Given data that,
total employees (36) = Some employees work on Project Alpha + Some employees work on Project Beta + Some employees work on both Project Alpha and Project Beta + Some employees work on neither project.
we have to fond how many employees work on both Project Alpha and Project Beta = ?
Total employees = 36
Employees on Project Alpha = 23
Employees on Project Beta = 18
So, the number of people on at least one project is = (Employees on Alpha) + (Employees on Beta) - (Employees on Both)
=> (23 + 18) - (Employees on Both) = 41 - (Employees on Both)
Now, let's check the given statements:
(1) Five employees are not assigned to either project.
This means 5 people are doing neither Project Alpha nor Project Beta.
If 5 people are doing neither, then the rest of the 36 people must be doing at least one project.
So, the number of employees on at least one project = Total employees - Employees on neither
= 36 - 5 = 31 people.
Now we can use our previous idea:
31 (people on at least one project) = 41 - (Employees on Both)
To find "Employees on Both":
Employees on Both = 41 - 31
Employees on Both = 10.
Since we found a clear number for "Employees on Both," Statement (1) is enough to answer the question.
(2) Exactly 21 employees are assigned to only one of the two projects.
"Only one project" means they are either in Project Alpha only OR Project Beta only.
So, (Employees on Alpha only) + (Employees on Beta only) = 21.
We also know that:
Employees on Alpha only = (Total Alpha employees) - (Employees on Both)
Employees on Beta only = (Total Beta employees) - (Employees on Both)
Let's put this together:
21 = (23 - Employees on Both) + (18 - Employees on Both)
21 = 23 + 18 - 2 * (Employees on Both)
21 = 41 - 2 * (Employees on Both)
Now, let's solve for "Employees on Both":
2 * (Employees on Both) = 41 - 21
2 * (Employees on Both) = 20
(Employees on Both) = 20 / 2
Employees on Both = 10.
Since we found a clear number for "Employees on Both," Statement (2) is also enough to answer the question.
Conclusion:
Since both Statement (1) alone and Statement (2) alone are enough to figure out how many employees are assigned to both projects, the answer is D.