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The quartzite found in the Santa Ana Mountains is considered one of the most pristine Paleozoic mineral deposits, believed to be metamorphosed since the deposition of the Triassic era.

(A) believed to be
(B) and it is believed to have been
(C) and that is believed to be
(D) which was, it is believed,
(E) which are believed to be

Using the process of elimination, we can quickly rule out (D) for incorrect grammar, and we can also get rid of (B) and (C) for making the sentence sound uncanny with the "and".

(A) and (D) are both appropriate, but (A) works best since (D) may cause some confusion to the reader due to bizarre wording.
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IT provides correct reference to the subject of the sentence and have been metamorphosed is the correct usage as the sentence mentions since so the acton is continuing from the past

OptionB
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The quartzite found in the Santa Ana Mountains is considered one of the most pristine Paleozoic mineral deposits, believed to be metamorphosed since the deposition of the Triassic era.

(A) believed to be - correct
(B) and it is believed to have been - incorrect, unsuitable verb tense
(C) and that is believed to be - incorrect, unsuitable construction
(D) which was, it is believed, - incorrect, unsuitable verb tense
(E) which are believed to be - incorrect, unsuitable plural, we are referring to the quartzite, not Paleozoic minerals
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Answered B -
it refers to the quartzite, and have been is in the correct tense form.
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The quartzite found in the Santa Ana Mountains is considered one of the most pristine Paleozoic mineral deposits, believed to be metamorphosed since the deposition of the Triassic era.

(A) believed to be
(B) and it is believed to have been
(C) and that is believed to be
(D) which was, it is believed,
(E) which are believed to be


 


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A. believe to be, is either a participle, and so, a modifier. and then it is misplaced. It should be placed after quartzite.
B. correct, another independent clause. "it" refers to quartzite, and "to have been metamorphosed", the perfect infinitive, agrees with the time in the past, and the preposition since.
C. a "that" clause in not parallel to an independent clause.
D and E are incorrect because the pronoun "which" introduces a modifier of "quartzite", and should be next to that word. in D the tense should be present perfect and in letter E there is no agreement with the noun "quartzite" and the verb "was"
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The quartzite found in the Santa Ana Mountains is considered one of the most pristine Paleozoic mineral deposits, believed to be metamorphosed since the deposition of the Triassic era.

(A) believed to be - Wrong - No connector is there

(B) and it is believed to have been - Correct - It reflects Quartz and have been used as there is since used for timeline

(C) and that is believed to be - Wrong

(D) which was, it is believed, - Wrong - usage of which is not correct

(E) which are believed to be - Wrong as which is wrongly modifying Paleozoic mineral deposits but it should link with quartz

Correct Option B
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The quartzite found in the Santa Ana Mountains is considered one of the most pristine Paleozoic mineral deposits, believed to be metamorphosed since the deposition of the Triassic era.

(A) believed to be Correct

(B) and it is believed to have been Incorrect as it slightly changes the meaning to quartzite alone is metamorphosed

(C) and that is believed to be Incorrect flawed parallelism

(D) which was, it is believed, Incorrect which refers to 'minerals' so was should be replaced by were

(E) which are believed to be Gives the same meaning but not as concise as option A so Incorrect
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The quartzite found in the Santa Ana Mountains is considered one of the most pristine Paleozoic mineral deposits, believed to be metamorphosed since the deposition of the Triassic era.

(A) believed to be.INCORRECT
(B) and it is believed to have been CORRECT
(C) and that is believed to be INCORRECT
(D) which was, it is believed, INCORRECT
(E) which are believed to be.INCORRECT


ANS B
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The second independent clause in option B refers to quartzite ("It").... While the second independent clause in Option A,D and E refers to Paleozoic mineral deposits (which is incorrect)

Also option C uses demonstration pronoun "That". Personal pronouns always have more preference over demonstration pronoun hence option B is preferred over option C

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Metamorphosed means to have changed or transfigured. It may help to use those words in place of 'Metamorphosed' to get the intended meaning correct.

The quartzite found in the Santa Ana Mountains is considered one of the most pristine Paleozoic mineral deposits, believed to be metamorphosed since the deposition of the Triassic era.

(A) believed to be
This clause may want to modify the 'is considered' action, but it should also refer back to the subject of the main clause. However, the proper subject who is doing the considering, perhaps a scientist, is absent from the sentence. Unfortunately, next.

(B) and it is believed to have been
'It' can only logically be used to refer to quartzite, and 'have been' is the correct usage. Correct.

(C) and that is believed to be
'That' is such an awkward word. It clearly refers to the singular quartzite, but consider this sentence. "The leopard is one of the most beautiful cats, and that is believed to be very fuzzy." Perhaps we could say 'that animal', but just using 'that' alone as a pronoun? No.

(D) which was, it is believed,
The clause should be modifying the quartzite, not the mineral deposits, like the word 'which' indicates. Also, 'it' has no referent. This answer is out.

(E) which are believed to be
The clause should be modifying the quartzite, not the mineral deposits, like the word 'which' indicates. This answer is out.
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The quartzite found in the Santa Ana Mountains is considered one of the most pristine Paleozoic mineral deposits, believed to be metamorphosed since the deposition of the Triassic era.

(A) believed to be
The pristine Paleozoic mineral deposits are not believed to be metamorphosed since the Triassic era, it is the quartzite found in the Santa Ana Mountains that is thought to be such

(B) and it is believed to have been
Correct tense and modifiers

(C) and that is believed to be
“Believed to be” tense does not match with “considered”

(D) which was, it is believed,
The pristine Paleozoic mineral deposits are not believed to be metamorphosed since the Triassic era, it is the quartzite found in the Santa Ana Mountains that are thought to be such

(E) which are believed to be
The pristine Paleozoic mineral deposits are not believed to be metamorphosed since the Triassic era, it is the quartzite found in the Santa Ana Mountains that are thought to be such
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The quartzite found in the Santa Ana Mountains is considered one of the most pristine Paleozoic mineral deposits, believed to be metamorphosed since the deposition of the Triassic era.

(A) believed to be
(B) and it is believed to have been
(C) and that is believed to be
(D) which was, it is believed,
(E) which are believed to be
____________________________________
Explanation goes for B
A - ''believed to be'' basically refers to future action and it modifies ''deposits''.
B - ''it'' correctly refers to ''quartzite'' and usage of ''have been'' referes to past action. Hold on that.
C - in this case, the same ''to be'' as in A.
D - ''which'' refers to ''deposits''. It is in plural form. So, which was is incorrect.
E - the same as in D.
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The quartzite found in the Santa Ana Mountains is considered one of the most pristine Paleozoic mineral deposits, believed to be metamorphosed since the deposition of the Triassic era.

(A) believed to be
(B) and it is believed to have been
(C) and that is believed to be
(D) which was, it is believed,
(E) which are believed to be

"that" is wrong PR (that ~ a copy while we talk about the exact thing), must be "it" => C out

A,D,E = modifier for "pristine Paleozoic mineral deposits" => A doesnt need a comma, "was" in D does not agree in number with "deposits", E agree in number with "deposits" and "which" is fine => keep E

between E and B:
- both are grammatically correct
- meaning: "be metamorphosed since the deposition of the Triassic era" supposed to be "The quartzite found in the Santa Ana Mountains" not the "deposits"
Also, "be metamorphosed since" so present perfect seem better than "to be"
=> B
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I think the correct answer here is (B) "and it is believed to have been".

We need to convey two things:
1) The quartzite is considered one of the most pristine Paleozoic mineral deposits.
2) The quartzite is believed to have been metamorphosed since the deposition of the Triassic era.

Both of these statements are separate and need to be connected in a way that makes grammatical and logical sense.

Let's evaluate:

(A) "believed to be" - This phrase is a bit ambiguous and doesn't make it clear what exactly is believed to be true. (But let's keep it for now)

(B) It clearly states what is believed and connects the two statements in a way that is grammatically and logically sound. (Keep)

(C) "and that is believed to be" - The use of "that" is incorrect here. It's not referring back to anything specific and creates confusion. (Eliminate)

(D) "which was, it is believed," - This phrase is a bit convoluted and unclear. It's not easy to understand what exactly is believed. Lot of issues in this sentence. (Eliminate)

(E) "which are believed to be" - The use of "are" is incorrect here because it doesn't agree with the singular subject "quartzite". (Eliminate)

Between A and B, the better answer is B.
And yes, the phrase "believed to have been" indicates that people think the metamorphosis happened in the past and continues to the present, which is consistent with the intended meaning.

I will go with the answer: B.
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(A) It is unclear what "believed to be" is referring to.

(B) "have been metamorphosed" is incorrect, we will need present continuous verb after have been

(C) If the sentence is referring to "the quartzite" in the last clause, it should be framed as:- ", and it is believed to be" instead of "that is believed to be"

(D) What "it" in "it is believed" is referring to is not clear

(E) "which" in "which are believed to be" is clearly referring to "the Paleozoic mineral deposits". Hence the correct answer.
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The correct option is (E).

Explanation:
The sentence states that the quartzite found in the Santa Ana Mountains is considered one of the most pristine Paleozoic mineral deposits. This implies that the quartzite itself is believed to be metamorphosed since the deposition of the Triassic era.

Options (A), (B), (C), and (D) introduce redundancy and unnecessarily complicate the sentence structure. They all convey the same meaning as option (E) but add extra words or phrases that are not needed.

Option (A) "believed to be" is incorrect because it is redundant. The verb "believed" already implies that it is something considered to be true.

Option (B) "and it is believed to have been" is incorrect because the use of "and" before "it is believed" makes the sentence unnecessarily verbose and awkward.

Option (C) "and that is believed to be" is incorrect because it adds another unnecessary clause, "that," making the sentence more complex without adding any meaningful information.

Option (D) "which was, it is believed" is incorrect because it separates the relative pronoun "which" from the noun it refers to, "quartzite," making the sentence structurally incorrect.

Therefore, the correct option is (E) "which are believed to be." It maintains the clarity and conciseness of the sentence while conveying the intended meaning.
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D. which was, it is believed to be
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