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17 Jul 2023, 23:32
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A. By using an ‘-ed’ modifier after a comma, ‘believed’ seems to indicate that the quartzite believed in something rather that a general belief about quartzite. It is not clear who had this belief. More importantly, the use of Simple Present tense to describe an action that started in the past and continues in the present is incorrect. Present Perfect tense as in (B) would be preferred.
B. Correct Answer. Clearly follows a parallel structure by using ‘and’ to join two independent clauses to indicate two different points about the quartzite. It uses the correct present perfect tense ‘have been’ to signify that the activity of ‘metamorphosed’ started in the past and continues in the present, which is demonstrated by the word ‘since’ in the non underlined portion of the sentence.
C. If we break the sentence then we get, “The quartzite found in the Santa Ana Mountains is considered….., and The quartzite found in the Santa Ana Mountains that is believed to be metamorphosed…..”. Clearly, the second independent clause does not make sense at all. Moreover, there is pronoun ambiguity (which is avoided in B) — ‘that’ seems to refer to Mountains rather than to quartzite.
D. “Which was”: The use of simple past tense to refer to an action that started in the past and still continues in the present is incorrect. Present perfect should be used.
E. “Which are”: similar issue as in D. Present perfect would be preferred over simple present. An even bigger issue is subject verb agreement. Since, ‘which’ takes ‘are’ as its verb, which must modify a plural noun, that is, ‘deposits’ instead of referring back to ‘quartzite’.
B. Correct Answer. Clearly follows a parallel structure by using ‘and’ to join two independent clauses to indicate two different points about the quartzite. It uses the correct present perfect tense ‘have been’ to signify that the activity of ‘metamorphosed’ started in the past and continues in the present, which is demonstrated by the word ‘since’ in the non underlined portion of the sentence.
C. If we break the sentence then we get, “The quartzite found in the Santa Ana Mountains is considered….., and The quartzite found in the Santa Ana Mountains that is believed to be metamorphosed…..”. Clearly, the second independent clause does not make sense at all. Moreover, there is pronoun ambiguity (which is avoided in B) — ‘that’ seems to refer to Mountains rather than to quartzite.
D. “Which was”: The use of simple past tense to refer to an action that started in the past and still continues in the present is incorrect. Present perfect should be used.
E. “Which are”: similar issue as in D. Present perfect would be preferred over simple present. An even bigger issue is subject verb agreement. Since, ‘which’ takes ‘are’ as its verb, which must modify a plural noun, that is, ‘deposits’ instead of referring back to ‘quartzite’.
17 Jul 2023, 23:53
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(A) believed to be--need present perfect
(B) and it is believed to have been--correct...as since is present to define a point of time, present perfect tense should be used
(C) and that is believed to be...usage of that is wrong here
(D) which was, it is believed,---was is wrong here
(E) which are believed to be--need present perfect
(B) and it is believed to have been--correct...as since is present to define a point of time, present perfect tense should be used
(C) and that is believed to be...usage of that is wrong here
(D) which was, it is believed,---was is wrong here
(E) which are believed to be--need present perfect
18 Jul 2023, 00:09
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A - underlined portion should have a verb. There should be present perfect tense with the usage of 'since'
B - CORRECT. The tense of the verb used also aligns with the usage of 'since...'. 'it' is a placeholder pronoun.
C - it is not clear what 'that' is referring to. There should be present perfect tense with the usage of 'since'
D - 'which' is used to refer to immediately preceding noun. But it seems to refer to far away placed 'quartzite'
E - 'which' refers to 'Paleozoic mineral deposits'. This doesn't make logical sense
B - CORRECT. The tense of the verb used also aligns with the usage of 'since...'. 'it' is a placeholder pronoun.
C - it is not clear what 'that' is referring to. There should be present perfect tense with the usage of 'since'
D - 'which' is used to refer to immediately preceding noun. But it seems to refer to far away placed 'quartzite'
E - 'which' refers to 'Paleozoic mineral deposits'. This doesn't make logical sense
