Bunuel
At a certain restaurant, the ratio of the number of cooks to the number of waiters is 3 to 13. When 12 more waiters are hired, the ratio of the number of cooks to the number of waiters changes to 3 to 16. How many cooks does the restaurant have?
A. 4
B. 6
C. 9
D. 12
E. 15
Kudos for a correct solution.
GROCKIT OFFICIAL SOLUTION:The key here is setting up the equation. Since we don’t know the initial scale of the number of cooks and waiters, we can express this scale by “x”.
C/W = 3x/13x.
Notice that whatever x is, the ratio will hold true. (x must be an integer, since you can’t have a portion of a cook, unless of course he chops his finger off by accident!)
“When 12 more waiters are hired” is the insertion of an absolute. Adding the 12 waiters, the new ratio becomes:
C/W = 3x/(13x + 12)
“The ratio of the number of cooks to the number of waiters changes to 3 to 16” defines this new ratio:
C/W = 3x/(13x + 12) = 3/16
STOP! Before we cross multiply and solve for x, we want to cancel out the 3’s in both the numerator. (More on this below.) After cross-multiplying, we get:
16x = 13x + 12
3x = 12
x = 4
Sweet. Answer A, right? Well, recall that x represents the scaling factor. The stimulus asks for the number of cooks, which we originally represented by 3x. So, 3*4 = 12 cooks. That’s 120 fingers.
Choice D.