Before the managers started using word processors and graphic represen

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Here is the official explanation for this question:

Understand the Meaning of the Original Sentence

This sentence does not communicate complete meaning. Presence of word “before” indicates that sequencing of two events has been presented. The latter event is – managers started using word processors and graphic representation tools. The earlier event is not clearly specified. The noun – advertisements does not have any verb. This part simply indicates that advertisements were designed by in house calligraphers, but the lack of verb for the noun – advertisements – leaves the reader with only partial meaning.

Find the Errors in the Original Sentence

1. Before the managers started using word processors and graphic representation tools, advertisements designed by in house calligraphers.
This sentence does not contain an independent clause. The presence of word “before” makes this a dependent clause. Also, the role of “advertisements designed…” is not clear. The way this part is positioned, it appears as though this “noun + noun modifier” modifies certain aspect of the preceding clause. But logically this modification does not make sense. Both these errors can be corrected if “designed by in…” is converted into a verb by saying “were designed”.

Review Answer Choices to do POE

Choice B – Grammatically correct but incorrect. This choice adds information about who got calligraphers to design ads. The original sentence only indicates that the advertisements were designed by in-house calligraphers.

Choice C – Correct. This choice converts the modifier – advertisements designed…- in a clause. Now the sentence has an independent clause. Also, the intended meaning is preserved.

Choice D – This choice distorts the intended sequencing of actions. The later action – “started using” has now been written in past perfect tense – the tense that is used to denote earlier of two actions in the past tense. This choice also repeats the error in Choice B by adding the information about who got the in-house calligraphers to design advertisements.

Choice E – Grammatically Correct but incorrect- This choice omits information that is present in the original sentence. There is no mention of who has started using the word processors and the graphic representation tools.

TAKE AWAYS

1. Always understand the intended meaning of the original sentence.
2. It is very important to note ALL the information present in the sentence.
3. The correct choice should communicate ALL that information – no more and no less – in a grammatically correct manner.