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An archaeological excavation team working on the site of an ancient Mesopotamian city found a temple structure theorized to have been a temple to the God Luga. The structure was located in the “low town” area, outside the raised and fortified “citadel” area, and built of mud bricks. The building also contained an altar on which were found the burnt remains of fish, most likely offerings to the concerned deity.

For : Fish were given as offerings almost exclusively to the God Luga.
Against : Ancient Mesopotamian temples built in cities were almost always built in the “citadel”.
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Against in the sense that the temple were rarely build of mud in the ancient times, Fir in the sense that the the fish did exist and were given as offering.

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For : the argument presents that remains of burnt fish was present in the site which is thought to be temple of Luga and the option says that 'Fish were given as offerings almost exclusively to the God Luga' which fortifies the argument.

Against: The argument mentions that this site which is thought to be temple for Luga is situated in a low town outside the 'high rised citadel'. This options mentions that 'Ancient Mesopotamian temples built in cities were almost always built in the “citadel”.' which goes against the argument.
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An archaeological excavation team working on the site of an ancient Mesopotamian city found a temple structure theorized to have been a temple to the God Luga. The structure was located in the “low town” area, outside the raised and fortified “citadel” area, and built of mud bricks. The building also contained an altar on which were found the burnt remains of fish, most likely offerings to the concerned deity.

Select the proposition that, if true, would provide the strongest evidence For the theory that the building was a temple to the God Luga, and select the proposition that, if true, would provide the strongest evidence Against the hypothesis. Make only two selections, one in each column.


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Against: Ancient Mesopotamian temples built in cities were almost always built in the “citadel”. As hypothesis states that the structure was in a low town area. hence this would provide the strongest evidence Against the hypothesis. 

For: Fish were given as offerings almost exclusively to the God Luga. As hypothesis stated that the burnt remains of the fish were found 
in the altar. hence this statement gives the strongest evidence For the theory that the building was a temple to the God Luga.
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To solve this problem, we need to identify which proposition provides the strongest evidence for and against the theory that the building was a temple to the God Luga.

Evidence For:
The proposition that supports the theory needs to be something that uniquely links the building to the God Luga. The most compelling evidence for this theory would be a detail that directly connects the findings in the temple to the worship of Luga.

Fish were given as offerings almost exclusively to the God Luga.
If fish offerings were almost exclusively given to the God Luga, the presence of burnt fish remains on the altar would strongly suggest that the building was a temple dedicated to Luga.

Evidence Against:
The proposition that goes against the theory needs to be something that contradicts typical characteristics or locations of temples in ancient Mesopotamia, particularly those dedicated to Luga.

Ancient Mesopotamian temples built in cities were almost always built in the “citadel”.
If temples in cities were almost always built in the citadel, and the structure in question is located in the "low town" area, this would be strong evidence against the theory that the building was a temple dedicated to Luga.

Conclusion:
The selections are:
For: Fish were given as offerings almost exclusively to the God Luga.
Against: Ancient Mesopotamian temples built in cities were almost always built in the “citadel”.
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For - Fish were given as offerings almost exclusively to the God Luga. // Fish at the altar confirms the temple made for God Luga

Against - Ancient Mesopotamian temples built in cities were almost always built in the “citadel”. // As the temple was built outside citadel
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E, B

Other options are related to area than temple/deity
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­We are looking for a strengthener and a weakener here.

Option E- If fish were exclusively given as offerings to the lord and proof of the same is found in the ancient site, it further bolsters the argument that the site was an ancient temple to the lord. This works as a good strengthener.

Option B - If ancient temples were almost always built in the citadel and the current ruins have been found outside the citadel, it weakens the argument that the site may be an ancient temple. This works as a good weakener

Therefore, For - Option E and Against - Option B
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Bunuel
An archaeological excavation team working on the site of an ancient Mesopotamian city found a temple structure theorized to have been a temple to the God Luga. The structure was located in the “low town” area, outside the raised and fortified “citadel” area, and built of mud bricks. The building also contained an altar on which were found the burnt remains of fish, most likely offerings to the concerned deity.

Select the proposition that, if true, would provide the strongest evidence For the theory that the building was a temple to the God Luga, and select the proposition that, if true, would provide the strongest evidence Against the hypothesis. Make only two selections, one in each column.


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­For the theory: I chose "Fish were given as offerings almost exclusively to the God Luga." since it mentioned in the text that "The building also contained an altar on which were found the burnt remains of fish, most likely offerings to the concerned deity." so finding burnt remains of fish on the altar strongly suggests that the building was a temple dedicated to Luga.
Against the theory: I chose "Ancient Mesopotamian temples built in cities were almost always built in the “citadel”." since if it was a temple, there would be a high probability that it's built in the citadel, but the fact that this structure is located in the “low town” area outside the citadel would argue against it being a temple, making it less likely to be a temple to the God Luga.
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Buildings were rarely constructed with mud bricks in ancient Mesopotamia. -> we are talking about temple and not buildings

Ancient Mesopotamian temples built in cities were almost always built in the “citadel”. -> AGAINST, since the temple found was outside the citadel

Some Mesopotamian buildings outside the “citadel” were also heavily fortified. -> Some were and some weren't, we can't be sure. 

The altar was made of stone not commonly found in the region. ->. So?? Irrelevant 

Fish were given as offerings almost exclusively to the God Luga.­ -> FOR, since we saw the marks of burnt fish, this supports the hypo
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An archaeological excavation team working on the site of an ancient Mesopotamian city found a temple structure theorized to have been a temple to the God Luga.
The structure was located in the “low town” area, outside the raised and fortified “citadel” area, and built of mud bricks.
The building also contained an altar on which were found the burnt remains of fish, most likely offerings to the concerned deity.

Select the proposition that, if true, would provide the strongest evidence For the theory that the building was a temple to the God Luga, and select the proposition that, if true, would provide the strongest evidence Against the hypothesis. Make only two selections, one in each column.

The strongest evidence For the theory that the building was a temple to the God Luga
Fish were given as offerings almost exclusively to the God Luga.
All other statements provide evidence against the theory that the building was a temple to the God Luga.

The strongest evidence Against the hypothesis.
Ancient Mesopotamian temples built in cities were almost always built in the “citadel”.
Since Ancient Mesopotamian temples built in cities were almost always built in the “citadel”, the temple structure was located in the “low town” area, outside the raised and fortified “citadel” area. The statement provides strongest evidence against the hypothesis that the building was a temple to the God Luga.


For Against
Fish were given as offerings almost exclusively to the God Luga.
Ancient Mesopotamian temples built in cities were almost always built in the “citadel”.
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Bunuel
An archaeological excavation team working on the site of an ancient Mesopotamian city found a temple structure theorized to have been a temple to the God Luga. The structure was located in the “low town” area, outside the raised and fortified “citadel” area, and built of mud bricks. The building also contained an altar on which were found the burnt remains of fish, most likely offerings to the concerned deity.

Select the proposition that, if true, would provide the strongest evidence For the theory that the building was a temple to the God Luga, and select the proposition that, if true, would provide the strongest evidence Against the hypothesis. Make only two selections, one in each column.


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Excavation team found a temple theorised to be God Luga. It was outside fortified Citadel area. It was made of mud bricks. It had altar on which fish burns were there, likely offerings to deity
Strongest argument for hypothesis:
Fish were given as offerings almost exclusively to God Luga

Against hypothesis:
Ancient Mesopotamia temples built in cities were almost built in Citadel.

Other answers do nothing to raise doubt or strengthen
Rarely built does not mean it cannot be .
Also outside citadel has fortified does not disprove or prove

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Statement 5 supports the theory the most because the fish is found on the altar, and an offering to a god is generally placed on the altar.
Statement 2 is against the most because there is a belief that a god should be at a higher level, and the statement, if true, is most believing that the theory may be wrong.
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­Strongest Evidence For the Theory:Fish were given as offerings almost exclusively to the God Luga.

This proposition directly connects the specific finding (burnt remains of fish on the altar) to the God Luga, thereby providing strong evidence that the building was a temple dedicated to God Luga.


Strongest Evidence Against the Hypothesis:

Ancient Mesopotamian temples built in cities were almost always built in the “citadel”.

This proposition suggests that it would be highly unusual for a temple to be located outside the citadel area, thus casting doubt on the theory that the building found in the "low town" area or outside the "fortified citadel area" was a temple itself, let alone a temple dedicated to God Luga.
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Strongest evidence FOR the theory:
Fish were given as offerings almost exclusively to the God Luga.

This proposition directly links the offerings found in the temple (burnt remains of fish) to the deity Luga. If it can be established that fish were indeed associated predominantly or exclusively with Luga in ancient Mesopotamian religious practices, it strongly supports the hypothesis that the temple was dedicated to Luga.

Strongest evidence AGAINST the hypothesis:
Ancient Mesopotamian temples built in cities were almost always built in the “citadel”.

If true, this proposition would undermine the hypothesis because it suggests that temples were typically located in the citadel area of cities, not in the "low town" areas. Since the temple in question was found outside the citadel area, this would suggest it is less likely to be a temple dedicated to a major deity like Luga, who might be expected to have a temple in the citadel.
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Buildings were rarely constructed with mud bricks in ancient Mesopotamia.

The reference we actually are dealing with is the God luga, notMesopotania. We should be having informations telling about god luga, fALSE

Ancient Mesopotamian temples built in cities were almost always built in the “citadel”.
Since our structure as found outside of the citadell this is a good reason to undermine the fact that it is a temple to god luga; so this one is Against

Some Mesopotamian buildings outside the “citadel” were also heavily fortified.
Our structure was found outside the raised and fortified “citadel” area, but if we know that Some Mesopotamian buildings outside the “citadel” were also heavily fortified, this can be a strenghthner that our structure was built inside the citadel area, thus strenghthening the fact that it could be a temple to god luga, this one if FOR

The altar was made of stone not commonly found in the region.
This answer choice is irrelevant, belonging to the region or not, cannot tell us nothing about the structure found is the god luga or not, False

Fish were given as offerings almost exclusively to the God Luga.
Even if the team has found the burnt remains of fish on the structure, we cannot conclude nothing about wether it is god luga or not, since these remains could be transported from another area.
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Bunuel
An archaeological excavation team working on the site of an ancient Mesopotamian city found a temple structure theorized to have been a temple to the God Luga. The structure was located in the “low town” area, outside the raised and fortified “citadel” area, and built of mud bricks. The building also contained an altar on which were found the burnt remains of fish, most likely offerings to the concerned deity.

Select the proposition that, if true, would provide the strongest evidence For the theory that the building was a temple to the God Luga, and select the proposition that, if true, would provide the strongest evidence Against the hypothesis. Make only two selections, one in each column.


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­Analysing Options:
(A) Buildings were rarely constructed with mud bricks in ancient Mesopotamia.
This does not directly support or weaken the idea that the building was a temple to the God Luga. Not related.

(B)Ancient Mesopotamian temples built in cities were almost always built in the “citadel”.
This would actually argue against the building being a temple if it were located outside the citadel.

(C) Some Mesopotamian buildings outside the “citadel” were also heavily fortified.
This does not provide specific evidence related to the temple hypothesis.

(D) The altar was made of stone not commonly found in the region.
This might imply special significance, but it does not specifically connect to the God Luga.

(E) Fish were given as offerings almost exclusively to the God Luga.
This directly supports the theory, as the burnt remains of fish were found on the altar, linking the practice specifically to the worship of the God Luga.

Hence, (E) is the 'For' the temple argument and (B) is 'against'.
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