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01 Jul 2025, 10:40
Kudos
Bookmarks
Tough question but B makes the most sense to me. The conclusion is that elephants care more for members of their herd than other herds. If they spent more time in an empty enclosure than with a calf from another herd, it strengthens the argument
Bunuel
01 Jul 2025, 10:44
Kudos
Bookmarks
We are asked to strengthen the argument that:
Elephants are more motivated to care for members of their own herd than for other elephants.
The evidence: Elephants spent more time near the enclosure with a distressed calf from their own herd than one from a different herd.
The correct answer should reinforce that the time spent reflects care or motivation, not just random curiosity or other external factors.
A. They were encouraged by a familiar zookeeper than when they were encouraged by an unfamiliar zookeeper
It's about human influence unrelated to herd vs. non-herd calf.
B. The enclosure was empty than when the enclosure contained a distressed calf from a different herd
Weakens or at best distracts from the conclusion. If they avoid all calves, the conclusion collapses.
C. A distressed calf from the elephants’ herd was in the enclosure than when a distressed calf from the elephants’ herd was visible but outside the enclosure
This strengthens the claim, shows proximity and presence of herd calf increases elephant attention, which supports caring motivation.
D. A distressed calf in the enclosure appeared interested in the approaching elephants than when the calf ignored them
About calf behavior, not elephants’ motivation. Could affect results, but doesn’t support the herd-based care claim directly.
E. A distressed calf from a different herd appeared friendly toward elephants than when a distressed calf from a different herd displayed hostility
It's about calf behavior, doesn’t explain elephants’ preference for herd calf.
Elephants are more motivated to care for members of their own herd than for other elephants.
The evidence: Elephants spent more time near the enclosure with a distressed calf from their own herd than one from a different herd.
The correct answer should reinforce that the time spent reflects care or motivation, not just random curiosity or other external factors.
A. They were encouraged by a familiar zookeeper than when they were encouraged by an unfamiliar zookeeper
It's about human influence unrelated to herd vs. non-herd calf.
B. The enclosure was empty than when the enclosure contained a distressed calf from a different herd
Weakens or at best distracts from the conclusion. If they avoid all calves, the conclusion collapses.
C. A distressed calf from the elephants’ herd was in the enclosure than when a distressed calf from the elephants’ herd was visible but outside the enclosure
This strengthens the claim, shows proximity and presence of herd calf increases elephant attention, which supports caring motivation.
D. A distressed calf in the enclosure appeared interested in the approaching elephants than when the calf ignored them
About calf behavior, not elephants’ motivation. Could affect results, but doesn’t support the herd-based care claim directly.
E. A distressed calf from a different herd appeared friendly toward elephants than when a distressed calf from a different herd displayed hostility
It's about calf behavior, doesn’t explain elephants’ preference for herd calf.
01 Jul 2025, 10:52
Kudos
Bookmarks
Zoologist: As part of an experiment, several mature elephants were led to three enclosures- one that contained a distressed calf from the elephant’s herd, one that contained a distressed calf from a different herd, and one that was empty. It was observed that in the majority of cases, the elephants spent more time at enclosures with the calf from their herd than they did at enclosures with the calf from a different herd. This suggests that elephants are more motivated to care for members of their herd than for other elephants.
The zoologist's argument would be most strengthened if it were true that, in the experiment, the elephants led to the enclosures tended to spend more time at the enclosures when
A. they were encouraged by a familiar zookeeper than when they were encouraged by an unfamiliar zookeeper
B. the enclosure was empty than when the enclosure contained a distressed calf from a different herd
C. a distressed calf from the elephants’ herd was in the enclosure than when a distressed calf from the elephants’ herd was visible but outside the enclosure
D. a distressed calf in the enclosure appeared interested in the approaching elephants than when the calf ignored them
E. a distressed calf from a different herd appeared friendly toward elephants than when a distressed calf from a different herd displayed hostility
Honestly, I'm confused between B and C.
B tells me: time spent (most to least) = own herd calf > empty > other herd calf, so elephants do care more about their herd.
C tells me: elephants tend to spend more time if, the distressed calf from their herd is not only visible, but also together with them. Supporting their motivation to care their herd.
For me, it feels like to whether to focus on (B) "more... than for other elephants" (C) "motivated to care for members", but I will go with (C) as (B) might be just adding another factor that it's not only about caring more about their herd, but actively avoiding the other herd.
Answer: C
The zoologist's argument would be most strengthened if it were true that, in the experiment, the elephants led to the enclosures tended to spend more time at the enclosures when
A. they were encouraged by a familiar zookeeper than when they were encouraged by an unfamiliar zookeeper
B. the enclosure was empty than when the enclosure contained a distressed calf from a different herd
C. a distressed calf from the elephants’ herd was in the enclosure than when a distressed calf from the elephants’ herd was visible but outside the enclosure
D. a distressed calf in the enclosure appeared interested in the approaching elephants than when the calf ignored them
E. a distressed calf from a different herd appeared friendly toward elephants than when a distressed calf from a different herd displayed hostility
Honestly, I'm confused between B and C.
B tells me: time spent (most to least) = own herd calf > empty > other herd calf, so elephants do care more about their herd.
C tells me: elephants tend to spend more time if, the distressed calf from their herd is not only visible, but also together with them. Supporting their motivation to care their herd.
For me, it feels like to whether to focus on (B) "more... than for other elephants" (C) "motivated to care for members", but I will go with (C) as (B) might be just adding another factor that it's not only about caring more about their herd, but actively avoiding the other herd.
Answer: C
