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In addition to those specified for professions, the corporations maintained endowments in purely academic fields, especially in the physical sciences.
(A) the corporations maintained endowments in purely academic fields, especially in the physical sciences.
(B) the corporations had maintained purely academic endowments like those of the physical sciences.
(C) in purely academic fields, endowments, especially in the physical sciences, were maintained by the corporations.
(D) the endowments were maintained in purely academic fields, especially in the physical sciences, by the corporations.
(E) purely academic endowments, especially for those fields like the physical sciences, were maintained by the corporations.
(A) the corporations maintained endowments in purely academic fields, especially in the physical sciences.
(B) the corporations had maintained purely academic endowments like those of the physical sciences.
(C) in purely academic fields, endowments, especially in the physical sciences, were maintained by the corporations.
(D) the endowments were maintained in purely academic fields, especially in the physical sciences, by the corporations.
(E) purely academic endowments, especially for those fields like the physical sciences, were maintained by the corporations.
03 Jan 2019, 14:37
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parijit
In addition to those specified for professions, the corporations maintained endowments in purely academic fields, especially in the physical sciences.
(A) the corporations maintained endowments in purely academic fields, especially in the physical sciences.
(B) the corporations had maintained purely academic endowments like those of the physical sciences.
(C) in purely academic fields, endowments, especially in the physical sciences, were maintained by the corporations.
(D) the endowments were maintained in purely academic fields, especially in the physical sciences, by the corporations.
(E) purely academic endowments, especially for those fields like the physical sciences, were maintained by the corporations.
(A) the corporations maintained endowments in purely academic fields, especially in the physical sciences.
(B) the corporations had maintained purely academic endowments like those of the physical sciences.
(C) in purely academic fields, endowments, especially in the physical sciences, were maintained by the corporations.
(D) the endowments were maintained in purely academic fields, especially in the physical sciences, by the corporations.
(E) purely academic endowments, especially for those fields like the physical sciences, were maintained by the corporations.
Great question, here's my reasoning:
A) The start of the sentence is "In addition to those specified for professions,". What is "those" referring to? It can't be corporations, so it must be endowments. Hence A is incorrect since the first dependent clause is modifying the wrong noun.
B) In addition to what was said for A, the use of the past perfect here is wrong.
C) "In addition to X, in Y" is not legal grammatically. Even if it was, is "those" referring to academic fields? No it is not. This answer is incorrect.
D) CORRECT, it corrects the mistake made in A. The modifier is now correctly modifying the right noun.
E) What is "those" referring to in the subordinate clause in the middle of the sentence? It is vague hence this answer choice is incorrect.
Answer :D
One quick note to make: It seems like the use of passive voice is not absolutely wrong. D is using PV.
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03 Jan 2019, 14:45
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In addition to those specified for professions, the corporations maintained endowments in purely academic fields, especially in the physical sciences.
(A) the corporations maintained endowments in purely academic fields, especially in the physical sciences.
Does not seem correct, because in addition cannot modify corporations
Noun modifier should touch the noun we wish to modify, which is endowments
(B) the corporations had maintained purely academic endowments like those of the physical sciences.
Same modifier error as a. Like those of is a strange comparison, it is unecessary and changes meaning.
(C) in purely academic fields, endowments, especially in the physical sciences, were maintained by the corporations.
Modifier error. In addition...professions does not modify purely academic fields, does not make any sense.
(D) the endowments were maintained in purely academic fields, especially in the physical sciences, by the corporations.
This is correct because modifier correctly touches endowments. Meaning is clear. Clause placed correctly.
(E) purely academic endowments, especially for those fields like the physical sciences, were maintained by the corporations.
Nope, meaning completely distorted. Endowments were in ourely academic fields, they themselves were not necessarily purely academic. Trap answer.
Hence, Option D is correct. Some correct answers can be in passive voice too as long as the meaning is clear.
In GMAT, meaning is more important than grammar.
Hope that helps!
(A) the corporations maintained endowments in purely academic fields, especially in the physical sciences.
Does not seem correct, because in addition cannot modify corporations
Noun modifier should touch the noun we wish to modify, which is endowments
(B) the corporations had maintained purely academic endowments like those of the physical sciences.
Same modifier error as a. Like those of is a strange comparison, it is unecessary and changes meaning.
(C) in purely academic fields, endowments, especially in the physical sciences, were maintained by the corporations.
Modifier error. In addition...professions does not modify purely academic fields, does not make any sense.
(D) the endowments were maintained in purely academic fields, especially in the physical sciences, by the corporations.
This is correct because modifier correctly touches endowments. Meaning is clear. Clause placed correctly.
(E) purely academic endowments, especially for those fields like the physical sciences, were maintained by the corporations.
Nope, meaning completely distorted. Endowments were in ourely academic fields, they themselves were not necessarily purely academic. Trap answer.
Hence, Option D is correct. Some correct answers can be in passive voice too as long as the meaning is clear.
In GMAT, meaning is more important than grammar.
Hope that helps!
