Critical Reasoning Butler: March 2025 |
March 26 | CR 1 | CR 2 |
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CR 1 Psychologist: Violence in video games can have a severe effect on children, even impelling them towards committing violent acts. A recent study indicated an incident in which an eleven-year-old boy played a video game that contained excessive images of violence, and then he perpetrated a violent crime similar to the one portrayed in the video game. Violent video games then lead to violence among children, and they should be carefully restricted.
The weakness in the psychologist’s argument is similar to the weakness in which of the following examples of reasoning?
(A) A homeschooled student has won the national spelling bee due to the excellent education received at home. Therefore, homeschooling is shown to be a valid form of education, and all homeschooled students may be expected to excel.
(B) A popular home decorating program offers excellent do-it-yourself tips for those who would like to decorate their own homes without employing an expensive designer. Therefore, all homeowners planning to redecorate can utilize the resources of this program to decorate their homes.
(C) A university known for its strong program for training elementary school teachers has over 200 students graduated and ready to enter the school system. Due to the value of the skills provided in the university’s program, the school system can expect that all of the graduates will make excellent teachers.
(D) A well-known celebrity has experienced positive results from taking a rather questionable supplement not yet approved by the FDA. Due to the significance of the celebrity’s results, our nutritional supplement company will begin stocking this product.
(E) Studies show that music classes broaden the minds of students and provide increased awareness for other subjects. Therefore, schools should begin adding music classes to the curriculum to benefit students.
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CR 2 Statistics released last week demonstrated that the Speedy train company had 5 derailments in the last five years. In all five accidents Caracol-built engines were involved. This year Speedy bought 3 more Caracol engines, which surprised many in the industry, since experts had expected Speedy to avoid that particular model after the accidents.
Which of the following, if true, provides the best reason for Speedy's decision?
A The five accidents were not due to mechanical failure, and in fact the safety features of the Caracol-built engines were key in saving many lives.
B Speedy reported fewer derailments in the 1980s, when it used Atlas engines on all of its trains.
C Safety inspectors have given a clean bill of health to all of Speedy's passenger cars and dining cars.
D In the last five years many other train companies have switched from Caracol engines to the engines of its major competitor.
E Speedy determined that human error was not a major cause of the accident in four of the five accidents.