MOST IMPORTANTLY:
The GMAT does NOT test the difference between essential and non-essential modifiers. You may find that learning the difference helps you process certain sentences more efficiently, or that understanding it makes you a better writer—but it isn't going to help you solve GMAT problems, so you shouldn't think about it when you're working on a GMAT problem.
akshay9126
Option E - The modifier "with its sharp point" has been placed in between two commas, making it look like the modifier is not essential to the core of the sentence.
That's not what "essential modifier" means.
"Essential" is not "important to the meaning of the sentence". Every single word in a well-written sentence will be important/significant for
some reason, so, if this were the meaning of an "essential" modifier then no well-written sentence would ever use a
non-essential modifier!
An "essential" modifier is one that
changes the meaning of, or
narrows the possibilities for, the thing that it's modifying.
E.g.,
My friend who lives in London said...If I have multiple friends, then "my friend"
by itself (without any prior references in the same text) would be ambiguous or meaningless. The modifier here narrows the focus to
this one specific friend, so we use an 'essential' modifier.
A "non-essential" modifier does neither of those things. It doesn't change the meaning of the thing being modified, nor does it narrow/rule out any possibilities.
If you're talking about the same thing/person WITH the modifier as you are WITHOUT it, then the modifier is non-essential.E.g.,
My friend, who lives in London, said...This version works...
...if I have exactly one friend,
or
...if I've previously mentioned exactly one friend in the same text (so that "my friend"—either by itself or with this modifier—would be understood in context to refer to the already-mentioned friend).
Quote:
However the first IC in the original sentence implies that because the javelin has a sharp point, the javelin appears to be more dangerous than the discus. If the "sharp point" is tucked away in a nonessential modifier, does it not make this option incorrect as well?
The javelin, by definition, has a sharp point—a description that's already inherent in "the javelin". The modifier used here, therefore, does not change the meaning or narrow/eliminate any possibilities. The modifier should thus be non-essential; an essential modifier would be wrong.