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The Roman Empire expanded to most of southern Europe and the 16 Aug 2017, 05:29
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rekha

You mean the Latin language case or the Aramaic language case? (Veritas or OG?)
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The Roman Empire expanded to most of southern Europe and the 16 Aug 2017, 13:38
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Option C Bringing with it the latin language, modifier

Participle with pronoun noun --- that construction sounds out of the norm. Can someone please shed some light on it ?

Thanks y'all
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The Roman Empire expanded to most of southern Europe and the 25 Sep 2017, 01:12
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I don't think option A is ruled out because of "which" reference. The explanation states that "Since the nearest antecedent is "it" and this pronoun refers back to roman empire, this option is wrong", but remember which always refers to the nearest LOGICAL antecedent and it can very well jump over the preposition and refer to the latin language (We have many such GMAT examples in which the antecendents of "which" are little far away- separated by a preposition). The same is the case here. The logical antecedent is "Latin language" which is little far away and is sepparated by a prepostion "with".

The real error in this option is verb tense. We know that the factual statements are always presented in Simple present tense. Certain languages(Romance languages) derive (originate) from certain source (Latin language) is a factual statement and hence need to be presented in Simple present tense.
Therefore C becomes the right answer.
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The Roman Empire expanded to most of southern Europe and the 25 Sep 2017, 09:26
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The Roman Empire expanded to most of southern Europe and the Mediterranean region by the beginning of the first century C.E., bringing the Latin language with it, from which were derived Romance languages, including Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, and Romanian.

A.the Latin language with it, from which were derived Romance
'from which were derived Romance' modifies it ( roman empire) ; incorrect

B.the Latin language with it, and from which deriving the Romance
Not parallel ; incorrect
C.with it the Latin language, from which derive the Romance
Correct
D.with it the Latin language, from which derives Romance
SV error ; Incorrect
E.with it the Latin language, and deriving from it the Romance
meaning issue ; Incorrect
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The Roman Empire expanded to most of southern Europe and the 02 Sep 2018, 05:59
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This sentence uses a relative clause construction with inversion, starting with "from which was derived..." The relative pronoun "which" refers back to the nearest logical antecedent. In answers A and B, this is the word "it", which refers to "The Roman Empire". Since these sentences incorrectly suggest that the Romance languages were derived from the Roman Empire, they can be eliminated. Answer E uses the same pronoun "it" in two consecutive clauses. In both cases, it refers to the same antecedent "The Roman Empire". This creates the same illogical relationship seen in answers A and B. Answers C and D correctly refer the relative pronoun "which" back to "the Latin Language", but only correct answer C uses the proper plural form of the verb "derive" to match its plural subject "the Romance languages".
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The Roman Empire expanded to most of southern Europe and the 19 Apr 2019, 22:20
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VERITAS OFFICIAL EXPLANATION

This sentence uses a relative clause construction with inversion, starting with "from which was derived..." The relative pronoun "which" refers back to the nearest logical antecedent. In answers A and B, this is the word "it", which refers to "The Roman Empire". Since these sentences incorrectly suggest that the Romance languages were derived from the Roman Empire, they can be eliminated. Answer E uses the same pronoun "it" in two consecutive clauses. In both cases, it refers to the same antecedent "The Roman Empire". This creates the same illogical relationship seen in answers A and B. Answers C and D correctly refer the relative pronoun "which" back to "the Latin Language", but only correct answer C uses the proper plural form of the verb "derive" to match its plural subject "the Romance languages".
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The Roman Empire expanded to most of southern Europe and the 12 Jul 2020, 01:50
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The Roman Empire expanded to most of southern Europe and the Mediterranean region by the beginning of the first century C.E., bringing the Latin language with it, from which were derived Romance languages, including Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, and Romanian.

(A) the Latin language with it, from which were derived Romance
From which refers to it which is incorrect.

(B) the Latin language with it, and from which deriving the Romance
From which refers to it which is incorrect.
Roman languages deriving from is incorrect.

(C) with it the Latin language, from which derive the Romance

From which refers to Latin Languages - correct.
Roman languages derive from Latin Language is correct.
(D) with it the Latin language, from which derives Romance
From which refers to Latin Languages - correct.
Roman languages derives from Latin Language is incorrect


(E) with it the Latin language, and deriving from it the Romance
Bringing and deriving is incorrect.
Answer is C
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The Roman Empire expanded to most of southern Europe and the 25 Jul 2020, 09:13
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OE:

Correct Answer: C

This sentence uses a relative clause construction with inversion, starting with "from which was derived..." The relative pronoun "which" refers back to the nearest logical antecedent. In answers A and B, this is the word "it", which refers to "The Roman Empire". Since these sentences incorrectly suggest that the Romance languages were derived from the Roman Empire, they can be eliminated. Answer E uses the same pronoun "it" in two consecutive clauses. In both cases, it refers to the same antecedent "The Roman Empire". This creates the same illogical relationship seen in answers A and B. Answers C and D correctly refer the relative pronoun "which" back to "the Latin Language", but only correct answer C uses the proper plural form of the verb "derive" to match its plural subject "the Romance languages".
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The Roman Empire expanded to most of southern Europe and the 04 Aug 2020, 02:00
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egmat GMATNinja

Most of discussion here are about reference to pronoun "which" and based on same option C looks correct.
But would you pls elaborate how come present tense in option C is correct ?

"Derive" is some event which happened in past only. So ideally shouldn't the option statement be in past tense.
And as part of pronoun reference rule we know that pronoun can refer to far away nouns in few scenarios. So in this case Option A also looks good to me.

Pls suggest what I am missing out here.
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The Roman Empire expanded to most of southern Europe and the 16 Aug 2020, 06:32
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VeritasKarishma Am I right in thinking that derive does not have human as subject. I find the options C, D and E in active form and thus, preferred the passive phrase here as language gets derived from some other language but it does not derive from another language. Please correct me here.
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The Roman Empire expanded to most of southern Europe and the 19 Aug 2020, 01:02
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VeritasKarishma Am I right in thinking that derive does not have human as subject. I find the options C, D and E in active form and thus, preferred the passive phrase here as language gets derived from some other language but it does not derive from another language. Please correct me here.
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The verb "derive" means to receive/obtain. So A derives from B does not need A to be a person.

For example,
Here is a list of English words derived from other languages: ...

Hence this is correct:
Romance languages derive from Latin.
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The Roman Empire expanded to most of southern Europe and the 22 Nov 2020, 16:45
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The Roman Empire expanded to most of southern Europe and the Mediterranean region by the beginning of the first century C.E., bringing the Latin language with it, from which were derived Romance languages, including Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, and Romanian.

(A) the Latin language with it, from which were derived Romance

-- 'which' refers to the Roman Empire, which makes no sense. Out.

(B) the Latin language with it, and from which deriving the Romance

-- 'which' refers to the Roman Empire, which makes no sense. Out.

(C) with it the Latin language, from which derive the Romance

Looks good. Keep.

(D) with it the Latin language, from which derives Romance

-- SV agreement error. 'derives' is singular and doesn't match up with plural 'languages'.

(E) with it the Latin language, and deriving from it the Romance

-- 'it' is ambiguous here. Out.

Answer is C.
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The Roman Empire expanded to most of southern Europe and the 30 Nov 2020, 15:34
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This is an “inverted sentence” -> verb comes before the subject

(C) with it the Latin language, from which derive the Romance

The romance languages derive from latin language

Ans C

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The Roman Empire expanded to most of southern Europe and the 16 Jul 2025, 22:27
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