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whose/which/that can modify far away noun even if the touch rule is not followed provided that sentence fragment between the noun and pronoun modifies the noun.

From what I understand about relative pronouns, those that follow a comma will DIRECTLY modify the preceding noun. So in this case, 'whose' is modifying branches.
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whose/which/that can modify far away noun even if the touch rule is not followed provided that sentence fragment between the noun and pronoun modifies the noun.

From what I understand about relative pronouns, those that follow a comma will DIRECTLY modify the preceding noun. So in this case, 'whose' is modifying branches.

noun-modifiers-can-modify-slightly-far-away-noun-135868.html
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Now for E) whose/which/that can modify far away noun even if the touch rule is not followed

you are right. "whose" can modify far flung noun !! but the reason E is wrong is because it gives ambiguous meaning,on the other hand meaning of D is crystal clear. now in GMAT when ever the option choice is ambiguous then it is discarded
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Now for E) whose/which/that can modify far away noun even if the touch rule is not followed

you are right. "whose" can modify far flung noun !! but the reason E is wrong is because it gives ambiguous meaning,on the other hand meaning of D is crystal clear. now in GMAT when ever the option choice is ambiguous then it is discarded

I didn't understand what ambiguity you are referring to.

Only issue I can see is "have trailed" . It should be present tense.
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Only issue I can see is "have trailed" . It should be present tense.

no that not entirely true
in fact i will tell u something. even in correct answer the expression "with tails trailing" is in present perfect sense. always remember that verbing do not have tenses of their own!! they always take the tense of the main clause.
E is wrong because of ambiguity it is imparting
if you go by the metaphorical meaning of E (we can have definitely have different interpretation) then "whose" can very well refer to " branches"
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The two verbs connected by 'and' in this sentence should be in parallel form.
have looked up and (have) seen is the correct set up. So we narrow down our options to (D) and (E) only.

Option (D) is correct. "with tails trailing..." is a prepositional phrase starting with the preposition "with". "trailing like brightly..." is a participial phrase modifying the noun "tails".

Option (E) is incorrect. It is usually best to put noun modifiers right next to the noun they are modifying. They can modify slightly far away nouns but only if no other better way of rephrasing is possible. But more importantly, the use of present perfect "tails have trailed" is incorrect. "have trailed" is not used as a verb showing a recently completed action. It is modifying "tails" and acts as an adjective. Hence, we use participial phrase "trailing like..."

Thanks for the explanation Karishma.
I also marked option E because in Option D : It seemed that "with tails trailing" can modify macaws as well as Visitors.So, I rejected this option because of ambiguity. Can you please explain why it cant modify visitors ?
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kinjiGC


The two verbs connected by 'and' in this sentence should be in parallel form.
have looked up and (have) seen is the correct set up. So we narrow down our options to (D) and (E) only.

Option (D) is correct. "with tails trailing..." is a prepositional phrase starting with the preposition "with". "trailing like brightly..." is a participial phrase modifying the noun "tails".

Option (E) is incorrect. It is usually best to put noun modifiers right next to the noun they are modifying. They can modify slightly far away nouns but only if no other better way of rephrasing is possible. But more importantly, the use of present perfect "tails have trailed" is incorrect. "have trailed" is not used as a verb showing a recently completed action. It is modifying "tails" and acts as an adjective. Hence, we use participial phrase "trailing like..."

Thanks for the explanation Karishma.
I also marked option E because in Option D : It seemed that "with tails trailing" can modify macaws as well as Visitors.So, I rejected this option because of ambiguity. Can you please explain why it cant modify visitors ?

In option D the modifier " with tails trailing" doesn't modify the noun rather the action "resting on the branches"
check this out.. question is on same lines..https://e-gmat.com/blogs/visitors-to-th ... ep-og1178/
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Much of this sentence is simply clutter. So many of the phrases add extra description, but are the kinds of things your mother would tell you to put away and “declutter” – namely, the prepositional phrases. So let’s get rid of the clutter with “to the zoo”; “often”; “in to the leafy aviary”; “on the branches”; and “whose tails trail like brightly colored splatters of paint on a green canvas”.

On the GMAT, description often serves as clutter, so if you can envision the sentence without the descriptive clutter (similar to how your mom wanted to envision your bedroom), you’d be left with;

Visitors have looked up and saw macaws resting.

Without all of the clutter, your ear should tell you that this is just wrong – the expression should be parallel in timeline: “Visitors have looked up and seen macaws.” And that only leaves D and E.

Now, to make this next decision you’ll need to bring back some of the description, as you can see that the only remaining decision is between “with tails trailing” and “whose tails have trailed”.

And here, yet again, is where your mother’s life lessons can help you. What did you often do to make sure your room passed your mom’s test? You took anything that *might* be considered clutter, buried it in a closet or under a bed, and then dug back in to pull out the things that you really wanted. And that’s the case on GMAT Sentence Correction – when you “eliminate” clutter you don’t get rid of it forever, you just ignore it temporarily. Here if you bring back the description in question, you have:

(D) seen macaws resting on the branches, with tails trailing

(E) seen macaws resting on the branches, whose tails have trailed

Here the description/modifiers are important, and astute test-takers should see that branches don’t have tails, but birds do (your mom probably took you to the zoo, too – one more lesson to thank her for). So E cannot be right, and the answer is D.
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Visitors to the zoo have often looked up in to the leafy aviary and saw macaws resting on the branches, whose tails trail like brightly colored splatters of paint on a green canvas.

(A) saw macaws resting on the branches, whose tails trail - Whose is referring to "branches" and branches don't have a tail - A is Out

(B) saw macaws resting on the branches, whose tails were trailing - Whose is referring to "branches" and branches don't have a tail - A is Out

(C) saw macaws resting on the branches, with tails trailing - We should be using "seen" with "have" os C is Out

(D) seen macaws resting on the branches, with tails trailing - CORRECT

(E) seen macaws resting on the branches, whose tails have trailed - Whose is referring to "branches" and branches don't have a tail - A is Out

Hence, Answer is D

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Visitors to the zoo have often looked up in to the leafy aviary and saw macaws resting on the branches, whose tails trail like brightly colored splatters of paint on a green canvas.

(A) saw macaws resting on the branches, whose tails trail

(B) saw macaws resting on the branches, whose tails were trailing

(C) saw macaws resting on the branches, with tails trailing

(D) seen macaws resting on the branches, with tails trailing

(E) seen macaws resting on the branches, whose tails have trailed

This question was edited from GMATPrep. [LINK]

Imo D

Split 1 The verb has to be parallel to looked which is present perfect tense .
Split 2 with tails trailing is correct modifier , it gives additional information about the macaws .
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Visitors to the zoo have often looked up in to the leafy aviary and saw macaws resting on the branches, whose tails trail like brightly colored splatters of paint on a green canvas.

(A) saw macaws resting on the branches, whose tails trail

(B) saw macaws resting on the branches, whose tails were trailing

(C) saw macaws resting on the branches, with tails trailing

(D) seen macaws resting on the branches, with tails trailing

(E) seen macaws resting on the branches, whose tails have trailed


We have two verbs in sequence "have looked and have seen"

So "saw" is wrong with "have".

A, B, and C are out

E is wrong for modifying error - "whose is wrongly modifying "branches" instead of modifying "macaws"

D. Correct - Prepositional phrase "with blah blah blah" correctly modifying "Subject of the principal clause".
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The sentence is in perfect tense , thus the verb form should be seen.
and secondly the tails belong to the macaw, not the branches....

So we can not bring a relative pronoun here. .
If we consider the aformentioned points, the obvious answer choice is D :)
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kinjiGC
Visitors to the zoo have often looked up in to the leafy aviary and saw macaws resting on the branches, whose tails trail like brightly colored splatters of paint on a green canvas.

(A) saw macaws resting on the branches, whose tails trail

(B) saw macaws resting on the branches, whose tails were trailing

(C) saw macaws resting on the branches, with tails trailing

(D) seen macaws resting on the branches, with tails trailing

(E) seen macaws resting on the branches, whose tails have trailed
Split is
Visiters have looked and have seen
A, B & C out

In E - branches, whose tails..........branches tailes?...... OUT

D is best choice
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