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We are to determine the percentage of b with respect to a.
In order to do the aforementioned task, it is imperative to know either the values of a and b or the relationship between a and b.

Statement 1: (b-a)/b = 2/5
Statement 1 is sufficient. we can tell that b=5. and if b-a=2, then a=3. Hence we can determine the percentage of b with respect to a.

Statement 2: b=50
This is not sufficient since we don't have any information on the value of a. Therefore a can assume infinitely many values that can lead to different percentages.

The answer is option A.
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A
b*(k/100)= a
k= 100(a/b)
From first a/b can be calculated.
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x/100*b = a
x= a*100/b
#1
b−a/b=2/5
a/b = 3/5
sufficient
#2
b=50
insufficient
IMO A

What percent of b is a?

(1) b−a/b=2/5

(2) b=50
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What percent of b is a?

This can be written as \(a=\frac{x}{100}*b....x=100*\frac{a}{b}\)
So we require to know the value of \(\frac{a}{b}\).

(1) \(\frac{b-a}{b}=\frac{2}{5}.........1-\frac{a}{b}=\frac{2}{5}.........1-\frac{2}{5}=\frac{3}{5}=\frac{a}{b}.........\)

(2) \(b=50\)..Nothing about a.

A
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We need to know a/b or b/a to determine what percentage of b is a.

(1) (b-a)/b = 2/5
This statement gives us information about a/b and thus, we can determine what percentage of b is a.
SUFFICIENT

(2) b=50
We don't know a and hence, we can't determine what percentage of b is a.
NOT SUFFICIENT.

Final answer is (A)

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Statement 1 is sufficient. We can transform the equation and get a/b:
\(\frac{(b-a)}{b} = \frac{2}{5}\)
\(1 - \frac{a}{b} = \frac{2}{5}\)
\(\frac{a}{b} = 1 - \frac{2}{5} = \frac{3}{5} =\frac{6}{10}\)

From the above we know that a = 60% of b.

Statement 2 is not sufficient, because a is not given.

Answer (A).
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What percent of b is a?
—>\(( \frac{x}{100})*b= a\)
\(x = 100(\frac{a}{b})\) ???

(Statement1): \(\frac{(b—a)}{b}= \frac{2}{5}\)
\(1–(\frac{a}{b}) = \frac{2}{5}\)
\((\frac{a}{b}) = \frac{3}{5}\)
—> \(x= 100(\frac{a}{b})= 100(\frac{3}{5})= 60\)
Sufficient

(Statement2): b= 50
\(x= 100(\frac{a}{b})= 100(\frac{a}{50})= 2a\)
No info about what a is.
—> a could be any number
Insufficient

The answer is A

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