With the rains and sudden dip in temperature, the circulation of virus

With the rains and sudden dip in temperature, the circulation of viruses increases, decreasing immunity of the body and increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.


A - missing verb
With the rains and sudden dip in temperature, the circulation of viruses increases [subject], decreasing immunity of the body and increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold. No verb

Next:
- B, C, E - SV agreement - plural subject requires plural verb
- C also construes the meaning by reversing the cause effect relationship "increases...cases of fever...,increasing the circulation". It is the circulation that increases the cases.
The rains and sudden dip in temperature increases the circulation of viruses, decreases immunity of the body, and increases the cases of fever and cough and cold.
E. The rains and sudden dip in temperature causes increase in the cases of fever and cold and cough and decrease in the immunity of the body, increasing circulation of viruses
The rains and sudden dip in temperature cause decrease in immunity of the body and increases the cases of fever and cough and cold, increasing the circulation of viruses.



D. The rains and sudden dip in temperature cause increase in the circulation of viruses and decrease in the immunity of the body, increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.

To me D fixes the issues and the meaning flows better. Rains and sudden dip cause x and y, [increasing the cases...]

With the rains and sudden dip in temperature, the circulation of viruses increases, decreasing immunity of the body and increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.

A. With the rains and sudden dip in temperature, the circulation of viruses increases, decreasing immunity of the body and increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.
B. The rains and sudden dip in temperature increases the circulation of viruses, decreases immunity of the body, and increases the cases of fever and cough and cold.
C. The rains and sudden dip in temperature cause decrease in immunity of the body and increases the cases of fever and cough and cold, increasing the circulation of viruses.
D. The rains and sudden dip in temperature cause increase in the circulation of viruses and decrease in the immunity of the body, increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.
E. The rains and sudden dip in temperature causes increase in the cases of fever and cold and cough and decrease in the immunity of the body, increasing circulation of viruses.

You can easily eliminate (B), (C) and (E) because of subject - verb agreement. (A) is not logical since a circulation of viruses (with the rains and sudden dip? - also not logical) cannot decrease immunity of the body, so (D) it is the answer.

This is more of a logical meaning question

1. With the rains and sudden dip in temperature, the circulation of viruses increases, decreasing immunity of the body and increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.

Immunity can't be decreased by the virus. It fights with the virus. Something else has to cause decrease in immunity for a person to catch fever, cough and cold

2. The rains and sudden dip in temperature increases the circulation of viruses, decreases immunity of the body, and increases the cases of fever and cough and cold. Subject verb agreement error, the rains and sudden dip- plural- increases does not work

3. The rains and sudden dip in temperature cause decrease in immunity of the body and increases the cases of fever and cough and cold, increasing the circulation of viruses. Rains can't cold cold, cough - meaning error

4. Correct

5. The rains and sudden dip in temperature causes increase in the cases of fever and cold and cough and decrease in the immunity of the body, increasing circulation of viruses.- Subject verb er

Let’s examize each option:

A. The use of “with the rains and...” is not good as this should be the cause of the increasing circulation of viruses. Plus, “decreasing immunity... and increasing the cases...” should not be equal as the former should be the cause of the latter.

B. So in this one the subject is plural (the rains and the sudden...) so the singular verbs behind is wrong.

C. “and increases the cases...” is wrong as the subject is plural (let alone the logic is wrong too)

D. Correct grammar. And the logic is proper too. It say that the rains and sudden dip in temperature cause the circulation of viruses increase and the immunity of the body decrease, and all of that increase the cases of cough and fever. CORRECT.

E. Reversed logic. And the verb “causes” is wrong as the subject is plural.

So D must be the correct one.

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Given,

With the rains and sudden dip in temperature, the circulation of viruses increases, decreasing immunity of the body and increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.

Meaning: The rains and dip temperature cause two things: 1) increase the circulation of viruses and 2) decrease immunity of the body. The result of this is increase in case of fever and cough and cold.

The original sentence has following error:
1) meaning error: it conveys incorrectly that the circulation of viruses causes the body's immunity to decrease and cases of of fever and cough and cold to increase.

Hence, the correct answer choice should convey the intended meaning.

Also, the rain and dip in temperature is a compound plural noun and hence, it will use plural form of verb.

Answer: D

The question is testing the concept of parallelism.

The sentence can be interpreted as:
Rains and sudden dip in temperature -> increase in the circulation of viruses and decrease in the immunity of the body -> increase in the cases of fever and cough and cold => A and B -> C and D -> E. Note that E is the end result and hence, is modifying the entire clause. Hence, verb-ing modifier should be apt here.
Hence, the sentence should be phrased as "A and B cause C and D, increasing E". So, answer is (D).

Choices B, C and E revolve around the same concept, and are eliminated. (A ) is different in that it is stating that A and B -> C -> D and E, which could also be debated as correct logically, but the use of "with" feels slightly incorrect. Use of with is better in "with the increase/ decrease in X, Y increases/ decreases" Vs "with X, Y increases/ decreases." We are having an expression which is more like the latter. Hence, (D) is preferred over (A).

With the rains and sudden dip in temperature, the circulation of viruses increases, decreasing immunity of the body and increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.

A. With the rains and sudden dip in temperature, the circulation of viruses increases, decreasing immunity of the body and increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.
B. The rains and sudden dip in temperature increases the circulation of viruses, decreases immunity of the body, and increases the cases of fever and cough and cold.
C. The rains and sudden dip in temperature cause decrease in immunity of the body and increases the cases of fever and cough and cold, increasing the circulation of viruses.
D. The rains and sudden dip in temperature cause increase in the circulation of viruses and decrease in the immunity of the body, increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.
E. The rains and sudden dip in temperature causes increase in the cases of fever and cold and cough and decrease in the immunity of the body, increasing circulation of viruses.


The rains and sudden dip in temperature is plural hence Options B and E are out as they use singular verbs (e.g.causes).

Option C is using incorrect cause and effect hence out

D is better than A is sentence structure hence Option D

With the rains and sudden dip in temperature, the circulation of viruses increases, decreasing immunity of the body and increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.

A. With the rains and sudden dip in temperature, the circulation of viruses increases, decreasing immunity of the body and increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.

B. The rains and sudden dip in temperature increases the circulation of viruses, decreases immunity of the body, and increases the cases of fever and cough and cold.

C. The rains and sudden dip in temperature cause decrease in immunity of the body and increases the cases of fever and cough and cold, increasing the circulation of viruses.

D. The rains and sudden dip in temperature cause increase in the circulation of viruses and decrease in the immunity of the body, increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.

E. The rains and sudden dip in temperature causes increase in the cases of fever and cold and cough and decrease in the immunity of the body, increasing circulation of viruses.


First of all, "the rains and sudden dip in temperature" is plural. B with "...temperature increases...", C with "...cause decrease ... and increases... " and E with "...temperature causes ... " can be eliminated.

Between A and D, in A "cause & effect" is correct but it is not logically sound: "the Circulation of viruses increases, decreasing immunity of the body". While in D "cause & effect" is correct and it is also logically sound.


ANSWER : D

Meaning issue here. The intended meaning of the sentence should be:
1. The rains and sudden dip in temperature cause increase in the circulation of viruses and decrease in the immunity of the body.
2. Both increase in the circulation of viruses and decrease in the immunity of the body lead to increase in the cases of fever and cough and cold.


Let's analyse the choice.

A. With the rains and sudden dip in temperature, the circulation of viruses increases, decreasing immunity of the body and increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.
The above sentence does not convey intended meaning. The increased circulation of viruses has no bearing on the decrease in immunity of the body. Furthermore, it is illogical to say that the circulation of viruses increases with the rains and sudden dip of temperature.


B. The rains and sudden dip in temperature increases the circulation of viruses, decreases immunity of the body, and increases the cases of fever and cough and cold.
Although the sentence is grammatically correct, it does not convey the intended meaning: here, neither the increased circulation of viruses nor the decreased immunity of the body increases the cases of fever and cough and cold.

C. The rains and sudden dip in temperature cause decrease in immunity of the body and increases the cases of fever and cough and cold, increasing the circulation of viruses.
Although the sentence is grammatically correct, it does not convey the intended meaning: here, either decrease in immunity of the body or increase in the cases of fever and cough and cold increases the circulation of viruses

D. The rains and sudden dip in temperature cause increase in the circulation of viruses and decrease in the immunity of the body, increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.
Correct answer. This choice is grammatically correct and conveys the intended meaning unambiguously


E. The rains and sudden dip in temperature causes increase in the cases of fever and cold and cough and decrease in the immunity of the body, increasing circulation of viruses.
Same meaning issue with Choice (C)

With the rains and sudden dip in temperature, the circulation of viruses increases, decreasing immunity of the body and increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.

D. The rains and sudden dip in temperature cause increase in the circulation of viruses and decrease in the immunity of the body, increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.
Correct.

S-V agreement: 'The rains and sudden dip in temperature' constitute the plural subject. 'Increase' and 'decrease' maintains the SV agreement and the parallelism.

Meaning preservation: The modifier 'increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold'- points to the cause and effect relationship between 'increase in virus & decrease in immunity' and 'increasing cases of fever and cough'.

The proper meaning of the sentence is:

1. The rains and sudden dip in temperature cause both increase in the circulation of viruses and decrease in the immunity of the body.

2. Both increased circulation of viruses and decreased body immunity will increase the cases of fever and cough and cold.

All of (A),(B),(C),(E) do not convey the meaning properly. Only (D) does.

Correct answer: (D)

D. The rains and sudden dip in temperature cause increase in the circulation of viruses and decrease in the immunity of the body, increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.

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Lets go through the options one by one

A. With the rains and sudden dip in temperature, the circulation of viruses increases, decreasing immunity of the body and increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.

This sentence is awkward. Remove 'the circulation of viruses increases' and read the sentence. Also it sounds like viruses is decreasing the immunity of the body. This is out

B. The rains and sudden dip in temperature increases the circulation of viruses, decreases immunity of the body, and increases the cases of fever and cough and cold.

Increases should be increase. Out because of subject verb agreement.(or lack of it rather)

C. The rains and sudden dip in temperature cause decrease in immunity of the body and increases the cases of fever and cough and cold, increasing the circulation of viruses.

increases is parallel to what? I think decrease. SHould be increases because "the raiins and sudden dip in temperature cause INCREASES..."
Yeah not parallel. The cause before decrease does not help it here

D. The rains and sudden dip in temperature cause increase in the circulation of viruses and decrease in the immunity of the body, increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.

Nice parallel sentence. I see SV agreement in order. Im gonna keep this one.

E. The rains and sudden dip in temperature causes increase in the cases of fever and cold and cough and decrease in the immunity of the body, increasing circulation of viruses.

Causes should be Cause. This is out.

ANSWER IS D.
D for Give me kuDos

Firstly

A. With the rains and sudden dip in temperature, the circulation of viruses increases, decreasing immunity of the body and increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.

HERE IN THIS OPTION ,THE MODIFIER STARTS AS "WITH" ,IT LOOKS A BIT SHABBY BUT WE CAN KEEP IT FOR SOME TIME .


B. The rains and sudden dip in temperature increases the circulation of viruses, decreases immunity of the body, and increases the cases of fever and cough and cold.

HERE IS A CLEAR S-V ERROR,THE RAINS AND SUDDEN DIP IN TEMP IS PLURAL

STRIKE THIS OPTION OFF.

C. The rains and sudden dip in temperature cause decrease in immunity of the body and increases the cases of fever and cough and cold, increasing the circulation of viruses.

HERE AGAIN WE HAVE A S-V ERROR , INCREASES SHOULD BE INCREASE

E. The rains and sudden dip in temperature causes increase in the cases of fever and cold and cough and decrease in the immunity of the body, increasing circulation of viruses.

HERE SQUUENCE IF EVENTS IS WRONG ,CIRCULATION OF VIRUSES CAUSES COUGH ,COLD ,FEVER


ENOUGH REASON TO STRIKE OFF E



D. The rains and sudden dip in temperature cause increase in the circulation of viruses and decrease in the immunity of the body, increasing the cases of fever and cough and cold.

THIS OPTION IS PRETTY CLEAR AND BETTER CONSTRUCTED AS COMPARED TO A.

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Dear MartyTargetTestPrep

In Choice A, is the structure 'with rains and sudden dip in temperature' incorrect? I know that structure with 'with......' always answer help to know 'HOW' the action is done? I do not see any problem with it. What is your thoughts, please?

Thanks in advance

That structure in choice (A) is fine.

Hi MartyTargetTestPrep,

Thank you for your quick reply. What I usually do is to learn from the posts of experts. I have found a similar example in Ron’s post. Could you please check my reasoning based on it? I still have trouble understanding why D is superior to A.

1 Question: The example from RonPurewal is here: https://www.manhattanprep.com/gmat/foru ... 76-45.html

With all the noise in here, I can't focus on my work.

What Ron says here is that prepositional modifier starting with with describes some sort of pre-existing and/or precipitating circumstance. In other words:

With all the noise in here (precipitating circumstance), I can't focus on my work (main sentence = result).

With all the noise in here explains why I can't focus.

Similarly, answer choice A:

With the rains and sudden dip in temperature (precipitating circumstance), the circulation of viruses increases (main sentence = result)

Basing on the Ron’ explanation, rains and sudden dip in temperature explain why the circulation of viruses increases. This sentence seemed complitely fine to me, isn't it?

2. Question. Most explanations, approved by experts in this thread, say that with modifier should refer to the subject of the following sentence. They say that “circulation cannot have rains and dip in temperature”.

However, according RonPurewal, GMATGuruNY, and generis, prepositional phrase starting the sentence doesn’t refer to the subject of the immediately following sentence. It doesn’t need a doer. I learnt it from the comprehensive post of generis here: https://gmatclub.com/forum/in-assessing ... fl=similar

In an assessment of the problems faced by rural migrant workers, the question of whether they are better...

generis says that in an assessment... doesn’t refer to the question. He says that "an itrodutory prepositional modifier" serves as an adverb modifying the VERB in the following clause. I am tottaly fine with this explanation because it makes sense. According to this explanation With the rains and sudden dip in temperature refers to increases, not to circulation, and thereby explains why the circulation increases. Again A is totally fine to me.

As I have already said, I try to learn from the posts of experts. Could you please tell what I am missing? If A is totally fine, why D is superior to A even if D changes the meaning?

One may say that cause decrease in D is preferable because bad weather conditions can’t directly decrease the immunity, but can cause decrease in it. But in A, what decreases the immunity is the increased circulation of viruses, not bad weather conditions. To my mind, in A increased circulation of viruses can directly decrease both the immunity and the cases of diseases, and thus we don’t need to use cause decrease.

One question from an unofficial source just blew away what I have learnt from top experts. Woah. I need a tranquilizer