According to government data, more than 50 percent of adults in the US

According to government data, more than 50 percent of adults in the USA register for organ donation. However, donated organs from only one in every three donors remain viable for transplantation. Statistics suggest that about 100,000 people await transplants every month. Unfortunately, for the majority of these people, the wait will never fructify since the demand for organs outweighs supply. Considering the gravity of the situation, researchers have begun to consider xenotransplant – transplanting animal organs into human bodies – as a viable alternative. So far, experiments with baboons surviving with transplanted pig hearts have been considerably successful. But similar human trials pose a challenge because of certain complications post the procedure.

Researchers claim that they have successfully overcome the complications by altering the transplant protocol through three stages of experiments. The first trial involved pumping an oxygenated, blood-based solution with nutrients and hormones kept at 46 degrees Fahrenheit through the heart in place of using the ice-cold storage liquid, the solution for organ storage before the transplant. This new method has been designed to prevent the possibility of organ failure during the transplant procedure. The second trial entailed giving medication to the recipients to bring the blood pressure to the levels of the donors. This process prevents anomalies in the recipients’ bodies due to a foreign organ. The third trial is a combination of the first two designed to sustain posttransplant survival. Although the technical challenges have been conquered, researchers need to show more consistent results before xenotransplantation trials can be done on humans. They also need a good deal of funding to carry out the costly trials to revolutionize the transplant process.

1. The primary purpose of the passage is to:

A. discuss about a procedure that can be a breakthrough in its }eld.
B. present the best alternative for a present procedure that suffers the demand-supply disparity.
C. illustrate a newly discovered medical procedure and its utility.
D. compare two processes and prove why one is better than the other.
E. raise awareness about a process that is yet to be tested on humans.

2. In the context of the passage, what is the function of the first paragraph?

A. It presents the context and the reason for the failure of a particular process.
B. It puts forth the reason for the need of an alternative for organ transplant in humans.
C. It sets the context for the description of a revolutionary procedure in the }eld of organ transplant in humans.
D. It highlights the need to look for an alternative source of organs for human organ transplant and introduces a promising alternative.
E. It shows how the process of xenotransplant is first for humans.

3. The author of the passage will agree with all of the following EXCEPT:

A. Several re}nements have been made in the process of conducting xenotransplantation to avoid the post-transplant complications in humans.
B. Researchers have considered xenotransplant as a viable alternative to regular transplant for over a decade.
C. Pumping donors’ hearts with carefully concocted blood-based solution inhibits organ failure.
D. Disparity in demand and supply of organs for transplantation is a major cause of patients dying in wait for the procedure.
E. More than one baboon has survived with the heart of a pig in its body.