According to Ullas Karanth, a wildlife biologist who runs

I went with B, as it was giving the intended meaning correctly and was grammatically correct and logical.

gmat_ninja help me pls to get the answer

According to Ullas Karanth, a wildlife biologist who runs the India program of the Wildlife Conservation Society, conflicts with humans, arising precisely in the handful of places where the endangered Bengal tiger population, have rebounded because of careful conservation efforts.

A. conflicts with humans, arising precisely in the handful of places where the endangered Bengal tiger population, have rebounded because of careful conservation efforts. The comma after "population" makes the portion within commas an appositive, which then implies that "humans" or "conflicts with humans" have rebounded because of conservation efforts, which doesn't make logical sense. Eliminate.

B. conflicts with humans are arising precisely in the handful of places where the endangered Bengal tiger population has rebounded because of careful conservation efforts. Correct answer. Above meaning error is corrected and no new errors are introduced.

C. the conflict with humans arose precisely in the handful places where the endangered Bengal tigers population had rebounded because of careful conservation efforts. Refers to a single "conflict", which changes the meaning unnecessarily and does not link well with "handful of places". "Bengal tigers population" is incorrect - must either refer to "tiger" in singular or have a possessive (apostrophe). Eliminate.

D. the conflict with humans, arising precisely in the handful of places where the endangered Bengal tiger population, has rebounded because of a careful conservation effort. Same error as in (A) and singular "conflict" as in (C). Eliminate.

E. conflicts of humans with tigers arose precisely in the handful of places where the endangered Bengal tigers have rebounded because of a careful conservation effort. The tigers themselves have not rebounded, their population has rebounded. Eliminate.

Hope this helps.

A) Big issue here. If you cross out the modifier set off between the commas (arising... population) the sentence says that the conflicts have rebounded because of careful conservation efforts. This is clearly an illogical meaning. Out.

B) No issues here. Correct usage of "has rebounded" with "bengal tiger population", and the sentence conveys a logical meaning. Keep.

C) using the words "the conflict" gives the meaning that there is one big conflict. This is not the intended meaning, and is illogical.

D) Just like A, the modifier at the end modifies "conflict" which is illogical. Out.

E) the usage of the modifier with the endangered bengal tiger, makes it seem like the tiger itself rebounded, not the actual tiger population. Illogical meaning, out.

Answer should be B.