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Given

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
YA T YA SC

We know Number of MidAd (MA) > 2
So we need 3 seats for MA.
Any 2 cant be together hence 4,6,7 belongs to MA

Now 5 & 7 can only be children. As YA are already 2 can't be 3, SC is only 1
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Order of sitting
Young Adult-Teenager-Young Adult-Middle Age Adult-Children-Middle Age Adult-Children-Middle Age Adult-Senior Citizen
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Total=9
Children(C), teenager(T), YA, MA, SC
SC=1
Any<MA
T<C,YA,MA
LEFT SIDE: YA-T-YA
RIGHT SIDE: SC
MA>=3 (as 2 YA are seated and MA is mire than any)
To be seated=5= 3MA, 2C
Seating arrangement:-
YA-T-YA-MA-C-MA-CA-MA-SC

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Column 1 & Column 2 both children

Given info:

9 places
5 age groups: children, teenagers, young adults, middle-aged adults, and senior citizens aka C, T, Y, M & S
only 1 senior present and must be seated first or last
T are least and M are most
No two individuals from the same age group are sitting next to each other
The first three individuals from the left are a young adult, a teenager, and another young adult.

Based on all the info, I got following sequence that satisfies all conditions:

Y T Y M C M C M S

hence 5th and 7th place is filled by children
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Can someone explain?
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­Let us assume letters to each category
C -  Children
T - Teenager
Y - Young adult
M - Middle aged adult
S - Senior citizen


Now, we know there are total 9 individuals and it is explicitly given in the statement that there is only one S. 
So there are 8 remaining. 
Also from the paragraph we can find that the number of { T < Y , C < M )
Assinging T as 1 we get
S = 1
T = 1
Y = 2
C = 2
M = 3 which is totalling 9.

By trial and error we can see that any other combination is not possible withing the given constraints. 
.
Now to figure out the order of their sitting. 
It is given that he first three individuals from the left are a young adult, a teenager, and another young adult and that S is at either 1st or last. Since first position is already occupied by Y we will assign 9th seat to S, which gives the following. 

Y    T    Y                          S 
1    2    3   4   5   6   7   8  9
------------------------------------
for the remainign 5 spots we have 3 M and 2 C. Since no two individuals from the same category can sit together the only possible way to fit 33 Ms are to assign then seats 4, 6 and 8. Which leaves 5th and 7th seats to C (children).

Y   T   Y   M  S   M  S   M  S 
1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8  9­
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Seats: 9
Options: children, teenagers, young adults, middle-aged adults, and senior citizens.
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

Restrictions:
-The first or the last seat is occupied by a senior citizen, who is the only individual in that age group. SENIOR (1 PERSON)
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __SENIOR__

-No two individuals from the same age group are sitting next to each other. (NO TOGETHER)

-There are more middle-aged adults than individuals of any other age group.
-There are fewer teenagers than children, young adults, or middle-aged adults.

children+ teenagers+ young adults+ middle-aged adults+senior citizens = 9
children+ teenagers+ young adults+ middle-aged adults+ 1 = 9
2+ 1+ 2+ 3+ 1 = 9

The first three individuals from the left are a young adult, a teenager, and another young adult.

_young_ _teenagers_ _young_ __ __ __ __ __ __ _SENIOR_

Available spots:

First,
All the Young are already sitted,
All the Senior are already sitted,
All the Teenagers are already sitted,

Second, the only way to sit 3 Middle adults is:
_young_ _teenagers_ _young_ _Middle_ __ _Middle_ __ _Middle_ _SENIOR_

Lately, the only to spots available are for children:
_young_ _teenagers_ _young_ _Middle_ _children_ _Middle_ _children_ _Middle_ _SENIOR_

So, final aswers is: Fifth individual and Seventh individual are: CHILDREN:

NALAP.
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Fifth and Seventh person should be Children.

S -senior citizens , C - children T- teenagers Y- young adults M- middle-aged adults

Conditions : 1) S - 1 or 9th position; 2) T<C,Y,M ; 3) M > S,C,T,Y ; 4) No adjacent person is of same age group.
S = 1 ; T =1; C=2; Y=2 ; M=3;

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Y. T Y. M C M C M S
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Bunuel
Nine individuals are sitting on the dais, from left to right, to receive an award at a local club. The awardees include at least one from each of five age groups: children, teenagers, young adults, middle-aged adults, and senior citizens. The first or the last seat is occupied by a senior citizen, who is the only individual in that age group. No two individuals from the same age group are sitting next to each other. For example, no young adult is sitting next to another young adult. There are more middle-aged adults than individuals of any other age group. There are fewer teenagers than children, young adults, or middle-aged adults. The first three individuals from the left are a young adult, a teenager, and another young adult.

In the table, select the age group of the Fifth individual from the left and the age group of the Seventh individual from the left. Make only two selections, one in each column.

­
 


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­
­

Here start by creating the 9 spaces where the individuals will sit, now the conditions are as follows. 

1. The first or the last seat is occupied by a senior citizen AND There is only 1 Senior citizen in the group. 
2. No two individuals from the same age group are sitting next to each other.
3. There are more middle-aged adults than individuals of any other age group.
4. There are fewer teenagers than children, young adults, or middle-aged adults.
5. The first three individuals from the left are a young adult, a teenager, and another young adult.

The 9 spaces are
_, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _

With conditions 1 and 5 we can see that the last position will be accuired by Senior citizen. And the 1st 3 are Young adult, Teenager and Young adult. 
Young adult, Teenager, Young adult, _, _, _, _, _, Senior citizen. 

Now till now, 

children : 
teenagers : 1
young adults : 2
middle-aged adults :
senior citizens : 1 

Now with with condition 3 we can assume that middle-aged adults has to be more than 2. So will take it as 3. 

children : 
teenagers : 1
young adults : 2
middle-aged adults : 3
senior citizens : 1 

Now with 4 we can see that teenager has be lesser than children, young adults, or middle-aged adults. Thus we can take children as 2.

children : 2
teenagers : 1
young adults : 2
middle-aged adults : 3
senior citizens : 1 

The above people statisfy all the conditions and adds up to 9 people. Now coming back to the arrangement we have 5 seats and 3 middle-aged adults and 2 childrens remaining. As from rule 2, No 2 people from the same group can sit next to each other, hence thee only possible combination is. 

Young adult, Teenager, Young adult, middle-aged adults, children, middle-aged adults, children, middle-aged adults, Senior citizen. 

Thus for both the columns answer will be Children. 
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Nine individuals are sitting on the dais, from left to right, to receive an award at a local club. The awardees include at least one from each of five age groups: children, teenagers, young adults, middle-aged adults, and senior citizens. The first or the last seat is occupied by a senior citizen, who is the only individual in that age group. No two individuals from the same age group are sitting next to each other. For example, no young adult is sitting next to another young adult. There are more middle-aged adults than individuals of any other age group. There are fewer teenagers than children, young adults, or middle-aged adults. The first three individuals from the left are a young adult, a teenager, and another young adult.
In the table, select the age group of the Fifth individual from the left and the age group of the Seventh individual from the left. Make only two selections, one in each column.
Let us denote
children - c, teenagers = t, young adults - y, middle-aged adults- m, and senior citizens - s

The arrangement satisfying all above conditions: - 
1-y ; 2-t; 3-y; 4-m ; 5-c ;6-m ; 7-c ;8-m ;9-s

Fifth individual from the left = c = Children
Seventh individual from the left = c = Children
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According to me, both the 5th and 7th individuals are children­.
The order comes out to be, Y T Y M C M C M S
where Y is young adult
T is teenager
M is middle ages
C is children
S is senior citizen
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It can be ordered hierarchicaly by use of logics

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To summarise,
M.A > C/Y.A/M.A > T >= SC
And SC =1
First 3 seats are occupied by Y.A, T and Y.A. And last seat is SC.

5 remaining seats to be arranged.

The only seating possibility according to the above would be:

Y.A, T, Y.A, M.A, C, M.A, C, M.A, SC.


5th and 7th from left would be Children.

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­Let's first note down the information given in the question:
1. There are 5 age groups: Children (C), Teenagers (T), Young adults (Y), Middle-aged (M), and Senior citizens (S)
2. S can occupy 1st or 9th position, and S = 1
4. No 2 individuals from same category can sit next to each other
5. M has maximum candidates
6. T < C,Y,M
7. First 3 individuals are : Y (1st), T(2nd), Y(3rd)

Conclusions:
a) Since 1st position is Y, S is in 9th position
b) M has maximum number of candidates and we know 4 candidates already (1 T, 2 Y, 1 S). Among remaining 5 we can have: 4 M and 1 C or 3 M and 2 C. But since T < C, we consider 3 M and 2 C.
c) We have to arrange the 3 M and 2 C, in alternating fashion since no 2 candidates from same category can sit next to each other. 

So, we have the arrangement as: Y T Y M C M C M S

Thus, the category occupying 5th and 7th positions are children (C)
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Bunuel
Nine individuals are sitting on the dais, from left to right, to receive an award at a local club. The awardees include at least one from each of five age groups: children, teenagers, young adults, middle-aged adults, and senior citizens. The first or the last seat is occupied by a senior citizen, who is the only individual in that age group. No two individuals from the same age group are sitting next to each other. For example, no young adult is sitting next to another young adult. There are more middle-aged adults than individuals of any other age group. There are fewer teenagers than children, young adults, or middle-aged adults. The first three individuals from the left are a young adult, a teenager, and another young adult.

In the table, select the age group of the Fifth individual from the left and the age group of the Seventh individual from the left. Make only two selections, one in each column.

­
 


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­
­YA, T, YA, MAA, C, MAA, C, MAA, SC
BOTH CHILDREN
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­A - Adult
T - Teenage
M - Middle Age
C - Children
S - Senior

Arrangement [ A , T , A , M , C , M , C , M , S ]
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­The sequence given in the qs itself is: 
YA-T-YA-4-5-6-7-8-SC
(Since we know senior citizen was supposed to be at either of the ends.)
Now, we have 1 SC, 1 T, 2 YA. 
We know that we have more Medium aged (M) and (YA) and Children (C) than T. Hence, there must be at least 2 M and 2 C. 
Also, there are more M than anyone else. Hence, M must be 3. 
Now, we need to arrange 3 Ms and 2 Cs from 4 to 8 without M or C being adjacent. The only possibility is
YA-T-YA-4M-5C-6M-7C-8M-SC
Both are children. ­
 1   2   3   4   5   6   7   
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