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Correct Answer: Option E Some engineers obtain their agile project management certification only after joining the company.
Let's eliminate one by one:

(A) Most engineers who leave company Z within their first year do so voluntarily, often for positions at competing firms.- This can weaken the sentence as it mentions reason of leaving early, but let's check other options too.

(B) Company Z does not provide incentives for employees to obtain professional certifications.- This doesn’t make any link between leaving early with certification. Eliminate

(C) Engineers are not required to report certifications they obtained prior to joining the company.- this statement doesn’t link between leaving and certification. Eliminate

(D) The majority of engineers at company Z work in teams that use agile methodologies.- it doesn't answer have why leaving

(E) Some engineers obtain their agile project management certification only after joining the company.- This can weaken the sentence as it mentions reason of leaving early. As after joining the company certificate will receive so leaving does not correlates with certification.
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(C) Engineers are not required to report certifications they obtained prior to joining the company.
This most seriously weakens the argument as it helps explain the discrepancy between the numbers, why only 8 percent of all engineers who completed the annual HR survey reported holding that certification, because they weren't required to report certifications.
Bunuel
In a recent calendar year, several engineers both joined and left Company Z. Among engineers who left within their first year of employment, 18 percent held an agile-project-management certification. Yet only 8 percent of all engineers who completed the annual HR survey reported holding that certification. Therefore, possessing the certification appears to make an engineer more likely to leave Company Z within a year of being hired.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

(A) Most engineers who leave company Z within their first year do so voluntarily, often for positions at competing firms.
(B) Company Z does not provide incentives for employees to obtain professional certifications.
(C) Engineers are not required to report certifications they obtained prior to joining the company.
(D) The majority of engineers at company Z work in teams that use agile methodologies.
(E) Some engineers obtain their agile project management certification only after joining the company.


 


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The arguments basically, states that it is the certification which is making an engineer more likely to leave the job as 18 percent of those who left hold that certification , whereas only 8 percent of those who completed HR survey reported hoding that certification. The author is concluding so because of this difference which we can see in the no. percentage. Since we need to weaken the argument, we need to pick up an answer choice we makes us believe that there is some other factor involved here which needs to be taken into consideration, apart from these no.s , and that factor will prove the things otherwise. Keeping this in mind, lets scan the answer choices.
A. In one sense , this is adding up to the certification belief, because more competing firms would require higher certifications.
B. Out of context.
C. Now, this gives us that factor that WHAT IF they arent required to report before , and because of that the percentage is low as 8, but in practical terms many if them do hold the certifications.
D. Out of context again.
E. Some obtain certification after joining the company, that doesnt impact our arg. in way.
Bunuel
In a recent calendar year, several engineers both joined and left Company Z. Among engineers who left within their first year of employment, 18 percent held an agile-project-management certification. Yet only 8 percent of all engineers who completed the annual HR survey reported holding that certification. Therefore, possessing the certification appears to make an engineer more likely to leave Company Z within a year of being hired.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

(A) Most engineers who leave company Z within their first year do so voluntarily, often for positions at competing firms.
(B) Company Z does not provide incentives for employees to obtain professional certifications.
(C) Engineers are not required to report certifications they obtained prior to joining the company.
(D) The majority of engineers at company Z work in teams that use agile methodologies.
(E) Some engineers obtain their agile project management certification only after joining the company.


 


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Bunuel
In a recent calendar year, several engineers both joined and left Company Z. Among engineers who left within their first year of employment, 18 percent held an agile-project-management certification. Yet only 8 percent of all engineers who completed the annual HR survey reported holding that certification. Therefore, possessing the certification appears to make an engineer more likely to leave Company Z within a year of being hired.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

(A) Most engineers who leave company Z within their first year do so voluntarily, often for positions at competing firms.
(B) Company Z does not provide incentives for employees to obtain professional certifications.
(C) Engineers are not required to report certifications they obtained prior to joining the company.
(D) The majority of engineers at company Z work in teams that use agile methodologies.
(E) Some engineers obtain their agile project management certification only after joining the company.


 


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(A) says nothing about thee certification and why leaving might not be related. (B) I mean it might explain why they don't get many applicants but not as much why people are leaving. (C) Would explain the difference, the 8 percent of engineers are more the ones that got the certification during, but leaves out the ones who got it before, while the 18 percent only looks at them having it . (D) This on its own only says that people are likely to have the certification. (E) This doesn't say much for the difference, when someone gets the certification based on the info is not as important. So this leaves C.
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Let's analyze each option:

(A) Most engineers who leave company Z within their first year do so voluntarily, often for positions at competing firms. This option describes why engineers leave but doesn't address the correlation between the certification and leaving. It doesn't weaken the idea that certified engineers might be more prone to leaving.

(B) Company Z does not provide incentives for employees to obtain professional certifications. This option is about Company Z's policies regarding certifications. It doesn't directly relate to whether holding the certification makes an engineer more likely to leave.

(C) Engineers are not required to report certifications they obtained prior to joining the company. This is the most crucial option. If engineers are not required to report certifications obtained before joining, then the 8% figure from the HR survey (which likely only captures currently employed engineers) might underrepresent the actual percentage of all engineers at Company Z who hold the certification. If a significant number of engineers who hold the certification do not report it because they obtained it prior to joining, then the true percentage of all engineers at Company Z with the certification could be much higher than 8%. If it's closer to or even higher than 18%, then the discrepancy that forms the basis of the argument disappears, and the conclusion that the certification makes engineers more likely to leave is seriously weakened.

(D) The majority of engineers at company Z work in teams that use agile methodologies. This option explains the prevalence of agile methodologies within the company, which might explain why engineers would seek such a certification. However, it doesn't directly weaken the argument about the correlation between holding the certification and leaving the company within the first year.

(E) Some engineers obtain their agile project management certification only after joining the company. This option suggests that some engineers acquire the certification while employed at Company Z. This doesn't weaken the argument because even if they obtain it after joining, if they then leave within their first year, they would still be counted in the 18%. It doesn't explain the discrepancy.

Conclusion: Option (C) most seriously weakens the argument by introducing a potential flaw in the data used to establish the baseline percentage of certified engineers within Company Z. If the 8% figure is an underestimation, the entire premise of the argument falls apart.

The final answer is C
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Bunuel
In a recent calendar year, several engineers both joined and left Company Z. Among engineers who left within their first year of employment, 18 percent held an agile-project-management certification. Yet only 8 percent of all engineers who completed the annual HR survey reported holding that certification. Therefore, possessing the certification appears to make an engineer more likely to leave Company Z within a year of being hired.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

(A) Most engineers who leave company Z within their first year do so voluntarily, often for positions at competing firms.
(B) Company Z does not provide incentives for employees to obtain professional certifications.
(C) Engineers are not required to report certifications they obtained prior to joining the company.
(D) The majority of engineers at company Z work in teams that use agile methodologies.
(E) Some engineers obtain their agile project management certification only after joining the company.


 


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(A) Most engineers who leave company Z within their first year do so voluntarily, often for positions at competing firms.

The information is irrelevant to the conclusion that we are trying to weaken. Hence, we can eliminate A.

(B) Company Z does not provide incentives for employees to obtain professional certifications.

Out of scope. We would want a new information that can be helpful to determine whether possessing the certification appears to make an engineer more likely to leave Company Z

(C) Engineers are not required to report certifications they obtained prior to joining the company.

This provides a new information that makes us doubt the flow of reasoning that the author has used to come up to the conclusion. The author merely concludes that possessing the certification appears to make an engineer more likely to leave Company Z because of the percentages that are reported. But what if they are incorrect, and this options tells us that. We can keep C for now.

(D) The majority of engineers at company Z work in teams that use agile methodologies.

Irrelevant to weaken the conclusion. What the teams use is not what can help know whether possessing of certificate results in making an engineer leave Company Z.

(E) Some engineers obtain their agile project management certification only after joining the company.

Out of scope. We would want a new information that can be helpful to determine whether possessing the certification appears to make an engineer more likely to leave Company Z

Option C
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We know
• 18% of engineers who left within a year had the certification.
• Only 8% of all engineers surveyed reported having it.

We must show that the higher percentage among early leavers does not imply the certification causes or increases likelihood of leaving early to weaken the conclusion.


Analyzing each option:

(A)
- Describes the nature of the exit (voluntary vs. involuntary), but doesn’t address why certification holders are overrepresented.
- Does not weaken the claim that possessing the certification is linked to early departure.



(B)
- Irrelevant. Argument is about the effect of already having the certification on leaving early, not whether Company Z encourages certification.

Does not weaken.


(C)
- Suggests that the 8% figure (overall certification rate) may be underreported.
- But unless it shows that more engineers stayed and were uncertified, it doesn’t affect the logic.


(D)
- Doesn’t address the correlation between certification and early leaving.
- It could support the usefulness of certification.

Not relevant.


(E) This weakens the argument significantly.
• If engineers obtained the certification after joining, then they didn’t already possess it when hired.
• The certification may not be a pre-existing factor, but rather an effect of working at Company Z—and those who get it might also be more likely to leave for better roles.

The certification does not cause early departure, but may be correlated with ambition or job market readiness. This undermines the causal assumption in the argument.
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Type : Weaken
It is mentioned "possessing the certification appears to make an engineer more likely to leave Company Z within a year of being hired"

(A) Most engineers who leave company Z within their first year do so voluntarily, often for positions at competing firms. - while this provides an alternative reason for the employees leaving than having certifications, it doesn't directly weaken the statement. It is a completely different topic.
(B) Company Z does not provide incentives for employees to obtain professional certifications. - This is not relevant to the question
(C) Engineers are not required to report certifications they obtained prior to joining the company. - While this option mentions about reporting of certifications while joining and not during the survey, since the annual HR survey was not mentioned as specifically tailored to research the candidates leaving and those that were retained in the company, there is a good chance that the certifications were not reported by a vast majority within the company. This weakens the argument the most.
(D) The majority of engineers at company Z work in teams that use agile methodologies. - This is irrelevant to the question.
(E) Some engineers obtain their agile project management certification only after joining the company. - This does not weaken the argument at all.

The correct option is Option C
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(A) Most engineers who leave company Z within their first year do so voluntarily, often for positions at competing firms. Irrelevant be cause our focus is which type of engineers leave
(B) Company Z does not provide incentives for employees to obtain professional certifications. We do not care about this so irrelevant
(C) Engineers are not required to report certifications they obtained prior to joining the company. Correct. If this is the case then it could be none of the hired engineers actually had the certificate
(D) The majority of engineers at company Z work in teams that use agile methodologies. Not relevant
(E) Some engineers obtain their agile project management certification only after joining the company. Some is not a significant number that could impact the outcome

Bunuel
In a recent calendar year, several engineers both joined and left Company Z. Among engineers who left within their first year of employment, 18 percent held an agile-project-management certification. Yet only 8 percent of all engineers who completed the annual HR survey reported holding that certification. Therefore, possessing the certification appears to make an engineer more likely to leave Company Z within a year of being hired.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

(A) Most engineers who leave company Z within their first year do so voluntarily, often for positions at competing firms.
(B) Company Z does not provide incentives for employees to obtain professional certifications.
(C) Engineers are not required to report certifications they obtained prior to joining the company.
(D) The majority of engineers at company Z work in teams that use agile methodologies.
(E) Some engineers obtain their agile project management certification only after joining the company.


 


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The argument is trying to establish a causal link: Certification -> More likely to leave. To weaken this, we need to find an alternative explanation for the discrepancy (18% vs. 8%) or show that the 8% figure is not a good representative of overall comparison.

(A) Most engineers who leave company Z within their first year do so voluntarily, often for positions at competing firms. This explains why engineers leave but this reason is applicable to all employees not just the one who holds that certification. Incorrect.

(B) Company Z does not provide incentives for employees to obtain professional certifications. This is about company policy regarding certifications. It doesn't explain the discrepancy in percentages or weaken the link between certification and leaving. Incorrect.

(C) Engineers are not required to report certifications they obtained prior to joining the company.
Hang on! If engineers are not required to report certifications obtained before joining then the 8% figure from the HR survey might be an underestimate of the true percentage of all engineers at Company Z who hold the certification The 8% might only reflect certifications obtained after joining or only those who chose to report. This raises doubt in the causal link established by the argument. Keep.

(D) The majority of engineers at company Z work in teams that use agile methodologies. This choice is irrelevant. If anything, this might make one less likely to leave if their skills are being utilized. Incorrect.

(E) Some engineers obtain their agile project management certification only after joining the company. This is consistent with the argument. If they get it after joining, they would be included in the 8% survey. But this doesn't explain why so many employees quit within a year. In fact, if they get it after joining and then leave it might even strengthen the idea that the certification is linked to leaving.
Option C is best.

Bunuel
In a recent calendar year, several engineers both joined and left Company Z. Among engineers who left within their first year of employment, 18 percent held an agile-project-management certification. Yet only 8 percent of all engineers who completed the annual HR survey reported holding that certification. Therefore, possessing the certification appears to make an engineer more likely to leave Company Z within a year of being hired.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

(A) Most engineers who leave company Z within their first year do so voluntarily, often for positions at competing firms.
(B) Company Z does not provide incentives for employees to obtain professional certifications.
(C) Engineers are not required to report certifications they obtained prior to joining the company.
(D) The majority of engineers at company Z work in teams that use agile methodologies.
(E) Some engineers obtain their agile project management certification only after joining the company.


 


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possessing the certification appears to make an engineer more likely to leave Company Z within a year of being hired.
This is the conclusion we need to weaken.

A) This doesn't give us any information on why an employee would not report the certification.
B) Though it may not give them incentives, this doesn't give us any information on why an employee would not report the certification.
C)Yes maybe they are not required to report it. But this still doesn't give us any information on why an employee would not report the certification.
D)Yes this says. the skill is used in the company, but it doest say one needs to posses the certification to do so.
E)This is nice. they simply did't have certification when the interview was conducted. correct.
Bunuel
In a recent calendar year, several engineers both joined and left Company Z. Among engineers who left within their first year of employment, 18 percent held an agile-project-management certification. Yet only 8 percent of all engineers who completed the annual HR survey reported holding that certification. Therefore, possessing the certification appears to make an engineer more likely to leave Company Z within a year of being hired.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

(A) Most engineers who leave company Z within their first year do so voluntarily, often for positions at competing firms.
(B) Company Z does not provide incentives for employees to obtain professional certifications.
(C) Engineers are not required to report certifications they obtained prior to joining the company.
(D) The majority of engineers at company Z work in teams that use agile methodologies.
(E) Some engineers obtain their agile project management certification only after joining the company.


 


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(A) Most engineers who leave company Z within their first year do so voluntarily, often for positions at competing firms.
Incorrect as its irrelevant to the certification correlation. Doesnt weaken the connection between the certification and likelihood of leaving

(B) Company Z does not provide incentives for employees to obtain professional certifications.
Incorrect as the argument is about correlation between certification and leaving, not about why people do or dont get certified.

(C) Engineers are not required to report certifications they obtained prior to joining the company.
This might affect the overall count of certified engineers, but not necessarily in a way that biases the comparison between groups. Also doesent explain how it would impact the early leavers

(D) The majority of engineers at company Z work in teams that use agile methodologies.
Incorrect as it doesn't say whether these engineers are certified or whether they leave early. It is irrelevant to the logic of the argument.

(E) Some engineers obtain their agile project management certification only after joining the company.
Correct. We see that this directly weakens the conclusion. If engineers got the certification after joining, they may have gotten it during their time at the company, and then left.
The certification didn’t cause them to leave exactly, it may be the result of planning to leave, or entirely coincidental. Thus this weakens the argument that possessing the certification appears to make an engineer more likely to leave .

(E) Some engineers obtain their agile project management certification only after joining the company.
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(A) Most engineers who leave company Z within their first year do so voluntarily, often for positions at competing firms.
it states that most early leavers leave voluntarily for other positions, but this does not address the certification and is consistent with the argument that certified engineers are more marketable.

(B) Company Z does not provide incentives for employees to obtain professional certifications.
it indicates a lack of incentives for certifications, but this is irrelevant to the correlation between certification and early departure.

(C) Engineers are not required to report certifications they obtained prior to joining the company.
it suggests that the HR survey may underreport certifications obtained before joining, which could mean the true certification rate is higher than 8%. However, this only questions the accuracy of the survey data and does not provide an alternative explanation for why certified engineers are overrepresented among early leavers.

(D) The majority of engineers at company Z work in teams that use agile methodologies.
it notes that most engineers work in agile teams, but this does not explain the disparity in certification rates between early leavers and the general population.

(E) Some engineers obtain their agile project management certification only after joining the company.
it directly challenges the causal inference by indicating that the certification might be a consequence or correlate of factors leading to early departure, rather than the cause.

Answer E
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C. Suggests the HR survey (8%) may undercount certifications, especially among longer. -tenured engineers who didn’t bother to report them.
BUT the argument assumes the 8% is the base rate across the whole company. If that number is inaccurate or incomplete, the comparison to the 18% who left becomes invalid. This directly undermines the statistical basis of the argument Ans C
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(A) Most engineers who leave company Z within their first year do so voluntarily, often for positions at competing firms.
This doesn't directly address the certification. It just says most early leavers leave voluntarily, but it doesn't explain why certified engineers are overrepresented among them.

(B) Company Z does not provide incentives for employees to obtain professional certifications.
This is irrelevant to the argument. The argument is about the correlation between certification and attrition, not about incentives for certification.

(C) Engineers are not required to report certifications they obtained prior to joining the company.
This could imply that the 8% figure from the HR survey is underreported. However, this doesn't directly explain why certified engineers are more likely to leave. It might slightly weaken the comparison, but not strongly.

(D) The majority of engineers at company Z work in teams that use agile methodologies.
This seems irrelevant. The argument is about certification, not about working in agile teams.

(E) Some engineers obtain their agile project management certification only after joining the company.
The argument assumes that the certification is a pre-existing condition that causes engineers to leave. But if some engineers obtain the certification after joining, it could mean that they left for other reasons and obtained the certification while at the company. This reverses the causality. Leaving might lead to certification, not the other way around.

Correct answer is E
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(A) Most engineers who leave company Z within their first year do so voluntarily, often for positions at competing firms.
This doesn't address certification at all. It could actually support the argument if certified engineers are more attractive to competitors.

(B) Company Z does not provide incentives for employees to obtain professional certifications.
This is irrelevant to whether certified engineers are more likely to leave. The argument is about leaving, not motivations for getting certified.

(C) Engineers are not required to report certifications they obtained prior to joining the company.
Even if underreported, we don't know by how much. The true rate could be 10% or 12%, not necessarily enough to close the 18% to 8% gap.

(D) The majority of engineers at company Z work in teams that use agile methodologies.
This doesn't explain the certification disparity. If anything, it might suggest certification is more valuable, supporting the argument.

(E) Some engineers obtain their agile project management certification only after joining the company.
Breaks the causal chain by showing certification might be an effect, not cause, of leaving. Engineers get certified because they're planning to leave.

The right answer is E
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The author has concluded that having the certification appears to increase the likelihood of leaving within a year. And we have to weaken this.
To weaken this, we want to show that the higher percentage among early leavers doesn't actually imply causation, or that the two percentages are not fairly compared.

Option (c) Captures this accurately that we cannot compare 8% and 18% Because if reporting certificates is not mandatory then maybe the percentage of engineer having the certificate is lot more than 8%.
Bunuel.
In a recent calendar year, several engineers both joined and left Company Z. Among engineers who left within their first year of employment, 18 percent held an agile-project-management certification. Yet only 8 percent of all engineers who completed the annual HR survey reported holding that certification. Therefore, possessing the certification appears to make an engineer more likely to leave Company Z within a year of being hired.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

(A) Most engineers who leave company Z within their first year do so voluntarily, often for positions at competing firms.
(B) Company Z does not provide incentives for employees to obtain professional certifications.
(C) Engineers are not required to report certifications they obtained prior to joining the company.
(D) The majority of engineers at company Z work in teams that use agile methodologies.
(E) Some engineers obtain their agile project management certification only after joining the company.


 


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