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Hey Vegita
Happy to help you with these questions.
No, that would be incorrect. The verb in the clause "there had not been any appreciative increase in the river's level" is "had (not) been". The main verb is "been" and the helping verb is "had". This means that this verb is already in the past perfect tense.
Yes, you're right that this "clause" (not phrase) is not passive. Once again, we understand this from the verb "had been". The "be" verb is a stative verb. This means that it is used to convey the state of the subject and not an action performed by the subject. Stative verbs do NOT have any passive form. Only Action Verbs (a.k.a Dynamic verbs) can have a passive voice.
For example:
Sentences such as 'a' above can, at best, be inverted. For example, "The car is there", can be written as "There is the car". And this is precisely what we see in this official sentence, an inverted structure.
"There had not been any appreciative increase in the river's level" is the inverted form of "No appreciative increase in the river's level had been there".
So, if anyone has mentioned that this clause is in the passive, they perhaps meant that it has been written in reverse or in a roundabout manner.
No, this is incorrect. This clause is in the Active voice and not passive voice.
The subject here is "no appreciable increase in the level of the river", and its active verb is "had resulted". So, this clause is active and direct. This is one of the reasons why choice D is the best of the given choices.
One final observation:
I'm not sure whether you've identified this or not, but there is a Diction Error in the first two choices.
Appreciative = The quality of appreciating something
Appreciable = Substantial/Significant
Hence, the right word for the context is "appreciable" and not "appreciative".
I hope this answers all your questions. Please revert for further clarification, if required.
Happy Learning!
Abhishek
Happy to help you with these questions.
Vegita
No, that would be incorrect. The verb in the clause "there had not been any appreciative increase in the river's level" is "had (not) been". The main verb is "been" and the helping verb is "had". This means that this verb is already in the past perfect tense.
Vegita
Yes, you're right that this "clause" (not phrase) is not passive. Once again, we understand this from the verb "had been". The "be" verb is a stative verb. This means that it is used to convey the state of the subject and not an action performed by the subject. Stative verbs do NOT have any passive form. Only Action Verbs (a.k.a Dynamic verbs) can have a passive voice.
For example:
- a. I am Abhishek. (Stative verb "am". This sentence has no passive.)
b. I killed a mosquito. (Action verb "killed". This sentence has a passive: A mosquito was killed by me.)
Sentences such as 'a' above can, at best, be inverted. For example, "The car is there", can be written as "There is the car". And this is precisely what we see in this official sentence, an inverted structure.
"There had not been any appreciative increase in the river's level" is the inverted form of "No appreciative increase in the river's level had been there".
So, if anyone has mentioned that this clause is in the passive, they perhaps meant that it has been written in reverse or in a roundabout manner.
Vegita
No, this is incorrect. This clause is in the Active voice and not passive voice.
- No appreciable increase in the level of the river had resulted from the showers.
The subject here is "no appreciable increase in the level of the river", and its active verb is "had resulted". So, this clause is active and direct. This is one of the reasons why choice D is the best of the given choices.
One final observation:
I'm not sure whether you've identified this or not, but there is a Diction Error in the first two choices.
- "Appreciative" Vs "Appreciable"
Appreciative = The quality of appreciating something
Appreciable = Substantial/Significant
Hence, the right word for the context is "appreciable" and not "appreciative".
I hope this answers all your questions. Please revert for further clarification, if required.
Happy Learning!
Abhishek
06 Mar 2023, 10:14
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Hi @E-gmat, I have taken your course and based on your course, we know very well that use of past participle is "optional" if "casualty" is established. Now, in this case, we have three events. The casualty is established between the first two events with the use of the word "because" and the third event has been denoted by " had fallen" so this makes sense. I am only confused about why option A IS THE WRONG OPTION. The only split between option A and option D is the use of "Resulted" Vs "Had Resulted" Can you please explain the use of "had resulted" in the correct option (D) instead of only "resulted". Furthermore, can we infer a general rule from this question that where ever three events in past are used, we have to use "had" two times for the past two events even if the casualty is established through any words e.g. because, since, earlier, later etc. BETWEEN THE FIRST TWO EVENTS? WHAT I WANT IS TO BUILD A GENERAL RULE REGARDING DIFFERENT TYPES OF QUESTIONS SO PLEASE DO CLEAR MY THOUGHTS ABOUT MY LAST QUESTION THAT "CAN WE INFER A GENERAL RULE FROM THIS QUESTION" ABOUT SUCH QUESTION TYPES?
07 Mar 2023, 01:55
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tayyab2022
Hello tayyab2022,
We hope this finds you well.
To answer your query, firstly, Option A alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase "appreciative increase"; the use of "appreciative" illogically implies that a grateful increase in the level of the river had not resulted from the showers; the intended meaning is that a significantly large increase in the level of the river had not resulted from the showers.
Secondly, the use of the simple past tense verb "resulted" is actually incorrect, as it refers to the earlier of two actions that concluded in the past - the government making an announcement and a significantly large increase in the level of the river not occurring; please remember, the past perfect tense (marked by the use of helping verb "had") is used when a sentence contains two actions in the past; the helping verb "had" is used with the action in the "greater past", and the simple past tense is used to refer to events that concluded in the past.
To understand the concept of "Simple Tenses" on GMAT, you may want to watch the following video (~2 minutes):
To understand the concept of "Past Perfect Tense" on GMAT, you may want to watch the following video (~2 minutes):
All the best!
Experts' Global Team
