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16 Sep 2014, 02:28
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Question Stats:
100% (01:22) correct
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History
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The Toxic Substances Control Act, enacted by the United States Congress in 1976, had an ambitious humanitarian goal: to protect people and their environment from harmful chemicals. Tens of thousands of industrial chemicals had entered the world market since the late 1940s, and the TSCA was one of the first legislative attempts to control their toxicity. Before this time, industrial chemicals were completely unregulated, and few had questioned whether any of them might ultimately prove harmful. TSCA granted the government the authority to track and regulate industrial chemicals in order to prevent harmful substances from finding their way into a wide range of consumer goods.
What began as an innovative caretaking program, however, failed in the ensuing decades to deliver on its promise. The failure is primarily the result of a momentous loophole in the screening guidelines of TSCA, which prioritized chemical company profits over more vital human and environmental interests. The TSCA, rather than outlining a procedure for testing older chemicals, exempted chemicals already on the market from toxicity screening and, by extension, from regulation. Consequently, over 90% of chemicals on the market today have neither been tested to determine their level of toxicity nor been studied to evaluate their impact on the environment. Even more problematic, the structure of the TSCA makes it more profitable for industry to continue manufacturing chemicals that may or may not be harmful than to develop alternative, guaranteed-safe formulas.
Which of the following most accurately states the purpose of the passage?
A. To question the government’s ability to safeguard human and environmental health.
B. To compare attitudes toward industrial chemicals in the 1940s and the 1970s.
C. To argue that a policy regarding regulation of chemicals has not been effective.
D. To summarize the history of US perspectives on industrial chemical regulation.
E. To cite examples of regulatory policies that have been mostly unsuccessful.
What began as an innovative caretaking program, however, failed in the ensuing decades to deliver on its promise. The failure is primarily the result of a momentous loophole in the screening guidelines of TSCA, which prioritized chemical company profits over more vital human and environmental interests. The TSCA, rather than outlining a procedure for testing older chemicals, exempted chemicals already on the market from toxicity screening and, by extension, from regulation. Consequently, over 90% of chemicals on the market today have neither been tested to determine their level of toxicity nor been studied to evaluate their impact on the environment. Even more problematic, the structure of the TSCA makes it more profitable for industry to continue manufacturing chemicals that may or may not be harmful than to develop alternative, guaranteed-safe formulas.
Which of the following most accurately states the purpose of the passage?
A. To question the government’s ability to safeguard human and environmental health.
B. To compare attitudes toward industrial chemicals in the 1940s and the 1970s.
C. To argue that a policy regarding regulation of chemicals has not been effective.
D. To summarize the history of US perspectives on industrial chemical regulation.
E. To cite examples of regulatory policies that have been mostly unsuccessful.
16 Sep 2014, 02:28
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Official Solution:
The Toxic Substances Control Act, enacted by the United States Congress in 1976, had an ambitious humanitarian goal: to protect people and their environment from harmful chemicals. Tens of thousands of industrial chemicals had entered the world market since the late 1940s, and the TSCA was one of the first legislative attempts to control their toxicity. Before this time, industrial chemicals were completely unregulated, and few had questioned whether any of them might ultimately prove harmful. TSCA granted the government the authority to track and regulate industrial chemicals in order to prevent harmful substances from finding their way into a wide range of consumer goods.
What began as an innovative caretaking program, however, failed in the ensuing decades to deliver on its promise. The failure is primarily the result of a momentous loophole in the screening guidelines of TSCA, which prioritized chemical company profits over more vital human and environmental interests. The TSCA, rather than outlining a procedure for testing older chemicals, exempted chemicals already on the market from toxicity screening and, by extension, from regulation. Consequently, over 90% of chemicals on the market today have neither been tested to determine their level of toxicity nor been studied to evaluate their impact on the environment. Even more problematic, the structure of the TSCA makes it more profitable for industry to continue manufacturing chemicals that may or may not be harmful than to develop alternative, guaranteed-safe formulas.
Which of the following most accurately states the purpose of the passage?
A. To question the government’s ability to safeguard human and environmental health.
B. To compare attitudes toward industrial chemicals in the 1940s and the 1970s.
C. To argue that a policy regarding regulation of chemicals has not been effective.
D. To summarize the history of US perspectives on industrial chemical regulation.
E. To cite examples of regulatory policies that have been mostly unsuccessful.
This question concerns the author’s purpose in the passage as a whole. The first paragraph gives background on the TSCA, but this background serves mostly as a basis for the critique of the law put forth in Paragraph 2. Ultimately, the author’s main point is that the law has not effectively protected humans and the environment.
Answer: C
The Toxic Substances Control Act, enacted by the United States Congress in 1976, had an ambitious humanitarian goal: to protect people and their environment from harmful chemicals. Tens of thousands of industrial chemicals had entered the world market since the late 1940s, and the TSCA was one of the first legislative attempts to control their toxicity. Before this time, industrial chemicals were completely unregulated, and few had questioned whether any of them might ultimately prove harmful. TSCA granted the government the authority to track and regulate industrial chemicals in order to prevent harmful substances from finding their way into a wide range of consumer goods.
What began as an innovative caretaking program, however, failed in the ensuing decades to deliver on its promise. The failure is primarily the result of a momentous loophole in the screening guidelines of TSCA, which prioritized chemical company profits over more vital human and environmental interests. The TSCA, rather than outlining a procedure for testing older chemicals, exempted chemicals already on the market from toxicity screening and, by extension, from regulation. Consequently, over 90% of chemicals on the market today have neither been tested to determine their level of toxicity nor been studied to evaluate their impact on the environment. Even more problematic, the structure of the TSCA makes it more profitable for industry to continue manufacturing chemicals that may or may not be harmful than to develop alternative, guaranteed-safe formulas.
Which of the following most accurately states the purpose of the passage?
A. To question the government’s ability to safeguard human and environmental health.
B. To compare attitudes toward industrial chemicals in the 1940s and the 1970s.
C. To argue that a policy regarding regulation of chemicals has not been effective.
D. To summarize the history of US perspectives on industrial chemical regulation.
E. To cite examples of regulatory policies that have been mostly unsuccessful.
This question concerns the author’s purpose in the passage as a whole. The first paragraph gives background on the TSCA, but this background serves mostly as a basis for the critique of the law put forth in Paragraph 2. Ultimately, the author’s main point is that the law has not effectively protected humans and the environment.
- This option’s use of the phrase the government’s ability is too broad to be the main idea of the passage, since the passage specifically discusses the TSCA.
- Both decades are mentioned in the passage, but the passage does not compare attitudes during this time.
- This option correctly recognizes that the author’s main point is that the TSCA specifically has been ineffective.
- The entire history of US attitudes toward industrial chemicals is outside the scope of the passage.
- Only one policy is mentioned in the passage.
Answer: C
01 Nov 2014, 13:23
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Hey, Bunuel.
if you were to rate the difficulty level of the questions, what would you rate them out of 800 ?
i got all of them correct.
your reply will help me to analyze whether i am getting better at the harder questions.
Thank you
if you were to rate the difficulty level of the questions, what would you rate them out of 800 ?
i got all of them correct.
your reply will help me to analyze whether i am getting better at the harder questions.
Thank you
