Pack 2 Q3 Voyager 1, a space probe launched to explore the outer solar

Question

Pack 2 Question 3 of 5
 Voyager 1, a space probe launched to explore the outer solar system, monitored the magnetic fields and rings of Jupiter and Saturn and provided the first detailed images  that scientists could use to study Titan as a potential human-occupied outpost to evaluate its substantial atmosphere .

A. that scientists could use to study Titan as a potential human-occupied outpost to evaluate its substantial atmosphere

B. that scientists could use to study Titan’s substantial atmosphere to evaluate it as a potential human-occupied outpost

C. that scientists study as a potential human-occupied outpost to evaluate Titan’s substantial atmosphere

D. for scientists to use to study Titan’s substantial atmosphere to evaluate it as a potential human-occupied outpost

E. for scientists to study Titan as a potential human-occupied outpost to evaluate its substantial atmosphere

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saukrit · Answer

The correct answer IMO is A

We have a that/for split and this looks to be a modifier question

1. ABC vs DE  
 That vs For  : That is the correct construction. Voyager did not give images for scientists, it gave images, that scientists could study .

2. Let's look at A,B and C now

B has a construction error as 
C has Incorrect usage.  Images that scientists study as   .

A does not have any such errors and conveys the sentence in the best way.

snoep · Answer

Voyager 1, a space probe launched to explore the outer solar system, monitored the magnetic fields and rings of Jupiter and Saturn and provided the first detailed images that scientists could use to study Titan as a potential human-occupied outpost to evaluate its substantial atmosphere.

A.  that  scientists could use to  study  Titan  as  a potential human-occupied outpost to evaluate  its  substantial atmosphere
That scientists could study -> That correctly refers to images. its - pronoun refers to Titan. studying Titan as human-occupied outpost - structure seems ok 
As is playing a function/role equivalent function here

B.  that  scientists could use to study Titan’s substantial atmosphere to evaluate  it  as a potential human-occupied outpost
that - correctly refers to images. 'it' does not have a reference as Titan is in possessive form.

C.  that   scientists  study  as  a  potential human-occupied outpost  to evaluate Titan’s substantial atmosphere
first detailed images that -> correctly to images. Next part of the sentence suggests scientists usually study these images . 
also note here as is playing is connecting scientists as potential human-occupied outpost

D.  for  scientists to use to study Titan’s substantial atmosphere to evaluate  it  as a potential human-occupied outpost
this option suggests - images were primarily provided for scientists. one of use of those images is that scientists can study them but that's not the sole reason to fetch the images.
Also 'it' does not have a reference

E.  for  scientists to study Titan as a potential human-occupied outpost to evaluate its substantial atmosphere
same error as D - related to 'For'

A seems to be correct answer!

sampriya · Answer

A.  that  scientists could use to study Titan as a potential human-occupied outpost to evaluate its substantial atmosphere

B.  that  scientists could use to study Titan’s substantial atmosphere to evaluate it as a potential human-occupied outpost

C.  that  scientists study as a potential human-occupied outpost to evaluate Titan’s substantial atmosphere

D.  for  scientists to use to study Titan’s substantial atmosphere to evaluate it as a potential human-occupied outpost

E.  for  scientists to study Titan as a potential human-occupied outpost to evaluate its substantial atmosphere

when we scan through the options it is that vs for
we are talking about specific images that the scientists could use.... D/E are eliminated since monitoring wasn't done specifically  for  the scientists to use the images

option C has a verb tense issue.. scientists using the images to study something is a possibility its not a fact and its not already happening therefore simple present tense is wrong

between A and B
A is a jumbler.. it has a big time meaning error
to study Titan as a human occupied post makes no sense 
how can you study mars as a human occupied post.. you can evaluate the atmosphere for the possibility of human occupation
Titan itsself cant take the role of human occupation..

therefore B is correct

but there is no antecedent for the it in option B..

Shivan21 · Answer

IMO E is the correct answer because of the explanation given above. Thanks

arvind910619 · Answer

My question is regarding OA.
In B it refers to Atmosphere which can not be next human outpost. It has to be Titan.
Can it refers to Titan even if it is in possessive case?

mykrasovski · Answer

B as on OE is questionable. Although there are cases when a pronoun refers to the possessive noun, in my opinion, option A is a better choice in this problem.

A. that scientists could use to study Titan as a potential human-occupied outpost to evaluate its substantial atmosphere
- images that scientists could use to study T ... to evaluate its atmosphere. Looks fine. 
Even if one wants to say that "its" refers to outpost, it still makes sense because the outpost is a synonym to the Planet.

B. that scientists could use to study Titan’s substantial atmosphere to evaluate  it  as a potential human-occupied outpost
- what does  it  refer to? Atmosphere or Titan? If  it  refers to T's atmosphere, then the sentence does not make any sense. The atmosphere cannot be the human-occupied outpost.

generis , what is your take?

devavrat · Answer

Can someone explain the use of for and that in this sentence??

EMPOWERgmatVerbal · Answer

Voyager 1, a space probe launched to explore the outer solar system, monitored the magnetic fields and rings of Jupiter and Saturn and provided the first detailed images  that scientists could use to study Titan as a potential human-occupied outpost to evaluate its substantial atmosphere .

A. that scientists could use to study Titan as a potential human-occupied outpost to evaluate its substantial atmosphere 
  B. that scientists could use to study Titan’s substantial atmosphere to evaluate it as a potential human-occupied outpost  
 C. that scientists study as a potential human-occupied outpost to evaluate Titan’s substantial atmosphere
D. for scientists to use to study Titan’s substantial atmosphere to evaluate it as a potential human-occupied outpost
E. for scientists to study Titan as a potential human-occupied outpost to evaluate its substantial atmosphere

Start with a 5 second scan of the options. Before we read the sentence carefully, we’re already alerted to the fact that we must choose between “ that scientists ” and “ for scientists ,” and we need to determine the proper placement for the phrase “ as a potential human-occupied outpost .”

Let’s start with the modifier “as a potential human-occupied outpost,” because a misplaced modifier can quickly help us narrow down our choices. Scientists are either studying the pictures so they can determine of the atmosphere could help us establish a human-occupied outpost or they are looking at the pictures to determine if they can put an outpost there so humans can study the atmosphere. It would seem that determining if the atmosphere could help the humans survive should come before sending humans out there to study something that a space probe can do. “As a potential human-occupied outpost” should modify “evaluate” and not “study  .” Options A, C, and E are not the best answers.

Now, we need to choose between “for” and “that.” “For” scientists leaves us wondering if these are the first detailed images “for,” meaning to give to, the scientists or does it mean the images are “for their use”? Ambiguity should be avoided. Additionally, “to use to study” is redundant. “To study” can stand on its own. Option D cannot be the best answer. We have eliminated four answer choices and Option B makes sense and is concise.  Option B is the winner.

ShankSouljaBoi · Answer

Hi all,

In B it refers to possessive which is a NO NO per the OG questions. I left B for the same reason.

daagh   chetan2u

Kindly guide.

Posted from my mobile device

daagh · Answer

The basic thing is that a plain pronoun should refer to another plain noun and not its derivatives such as possessive nouns. " It " can only refer to the atmosphere and there is no other plain noun as a contender in the context.

Probably B is the choice because all the others are worse.

Probably B is the choice because all the others are worse.

EMPOWERgmatVerbal · Answer

You're very close,  saukrit !

The problem between options A & B has to do with their meaning:

A. that scientists could use  to study Titan as a potential human-occupied outpost  to evaluate its substantial atmosphere

This almost suggests that Titan has already been accepted as a potential human-occupied outpost, and then evaluate the atmosphere. That doesn't really make logical sense - we need to make sure the atmosphere is safe BEFORE we decide if it's a place where humans can go.

B. that scientists could use  to study Titan’s substantial atmosphere  to evaluate it as a potential human-occupied outpost

This makes more sense logically. The images are meant to study the atmosphere, and THEN we can evaluate if it can be inhabited by humans.

I hope this helps! Feel free to tag us at  EMPOWERgmatVerbal  if you have any other questions!

EMPOWERgmatVerbal · Answer

You are very close,  snoep !

While you are on the right track to focus on pronouns, you also need to check for meaning! Here are the meaning differences between options A & B:

A. that scientists could use  to study Titan as a potential human-occupied outpost  to evaluate its substantial atmosphere

This almost suggests that Titan has already been accepted as a potential human-occupied outpost, and then evaluate the atmosphere. That doesn't really make logical sense - we need to make sure the atmosphere is safe BEFORE we decide if it's a place where humans can go.

B. that scientists could use  to study Titan’s substantial atmosphere  to evaluate it as a potential human-occupied outpost

This makes more sense logically. The images are meant to study the atmosphere, and THEN we can evaluate if it can be inhabited by humans.

Let's also address your issue with option B:

B. that scientists could use to study Titan’s substantial atmosphere to evaluate it as a potential human-occupied outpost
that - correctly refers to images. 'it' does not have a reference as Titan is in possessive form.

There is nothing wrong with "it" referring back to a possessive "Titan's" in this case. The reader can easily determine what the pronoun is referring back to, so it's okay to use it in this manner.

I hope that helps! Feel free to tag us at  EMPOWERgmatVerbal  if you have other questions!

EMPOWERgmatVerbal · Answer

Well done, sampriya ! You cracked the code on how to answer this one! For option B, the antecedent is "Titan's." It's not ideal for a pronoun to refer back to a possessive antecedent, but it can be done as long as it's clear to readers. This is another case of the GMAT asking you to choose the best answer, not a perfect one.

Kudos to you!

snoep · Answer

That makes sense, thanks for highlighting  EMPOWERgmatVerbal , i would not have realised the error in A otherwise!

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Pack 2 Q3 Voyager 1, a space probe launched to explore the outer solar

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Pack 2 Q3 Voyager 1, a space probe launched to explore the outer solar

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