12 Days of Christmas GMAT Competition - Day 6: Many patients who are

Many patients who are diagnosed with deficiencies in Vitamin A, Vitamin C, and Vitamin B12 overcompensate for the shortcomings in their diet by imbibing a higher than medically recommended amount of vitamin supplements that have the potential of leading to kidney damage.

(A) vitamin supplements that have the potential of leading to
(B) vitamin supplements that have the potential to lead to
(C) vitamin supplements that potentially can lead to
(D) vitamin supplements, a practice that can, potentially, lead to
(E) vitamin supplements, a practice that has the potential for leading to

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IMO D

A. 'that' is a restrictive pronoun so this sentence means that the supplements have the potential to kidney damage
B. same as A.
C. same as A.
D. refers to the practice of taking higher than recommended supplements. Correct
E. 'for leading to' is not correct.

A) Illogical meaning. The usage of "that" suggests that the supplement themselves that can lead to kidney damage. This is not a logical meaning - it would be over usage of the supplements, not the supplements themselves that lead to kidney damage. Out.

B) Similar meaning error as A. Out

C) Similar meaning error as A. Out.

D) Clearly conveys that it is the practice of taking too many vitamins that leads to kidney damage. Keep.

E) This is worse than D. "A practice that has the potential for leading to kidney damage" is a lot less elegant than D. Out.

IMO D.

vitamin supplements that have the potential of leading to

Meaning error It is not the vitamin supplements that lead to damage, Taking these quantities in excess will lead to the damage. So usage of that is wrong
(A) vitamin supplements that have the potential of leading to
(B) vitamin supplements that have the potential to lead to
(C) vitamin supplements that potentially can lead to

All three has the same error.

(D) vitamin supplements, a practice that can, potentially, lead to
(E) vitamin supplements, a practice that has the potential for leading to

D is better than E, can lead is better

IMO D

Many patients who are diagnosed with deficiencies in Vitamin A, Vitamin C, and Vitamin B12 overcompensate for the shortcomings in their diet by imbibing a higher than medically recommended amount of vitamin supplements that have the potential of leading to kidney damage.

Option A, B & C has Incorrect Bcoz of incorrect usage of relative pronoun modifier where "that" modifies Vitamins Supplements.

(D) vitamin supplements, a practice that can, potentially, lead to - Correct Usage of Noun + Noun Modifier as it modifies the action

(E) vitamin supplements, a practice that has the potential for leading to - Incorrect due to "For Leading to"

Option - D correct

supplements don't have potential of leading to kidney damage but practice of imbibing. so a, b, c out.


(D) vitamin supplements, a practice that can, potentially, lead to
(E) vitamin supplements, a practice that has the potential for leading to : leading to is awkward. so eliminated

Meaning of the sentence:
Many patients overcompensate shortcoming by taking more vitamin supplements. This action can lead to kidney damage.

Sentence adverbs of opinion are different from regular adverbs. If sentence adverb appear in the middle of the sentence, it require to be placed between commas. They apply to a sentence as a whole to reflect the attitude, opinion, view, emotion, or judgement of the speaker. Potentially usage, in the options for the sentence, expresses the opinion of the speaker/author of the sentence.
Example: It rained when Paul went for a walk, but, fortunately, he had an umbrella.


(A) vitamin supplements that have the potential of leading to
placement of that after 'vitamin supplements' causes misplaced modifier problem. We want the modifier following 'that' correctly refer the action or behavior of the patients. Also, 'potential of' idiom requires to be followed by a noun not verb.
Example: 'potential of new employee'
So it maybe better with 'have the potential of kidney damage'. Eliminate.

(B) vitamin supplements that have the potential to lead to
The 'potential to'idiom require a verb following it. Lead is a verb and it looks fine. But the same misplaced modifier error as in option A is still present. Eliminate B.

(C) vitamin supplements that potentially can lead to
The same misplaced modifier problem is present, as in option A & B. Eliminate

(D) vitamin supplements, a practice that can, potentially, lead to
Placement of adverb between 2 commas is correct in this option and applies to the entire clause that follows 'that'. By using the comma instead of that and following the main clause by modifier 'a practice...' that refers to the action/behavior of the patients, we find misplaced modifier issue avoided in this option. So keep option D.

(E) vitamin supplements, a practice that has the potential for leading to
'potential for' idiom requires to be followed by a noun not verb.
Example:
potential for profit/success.
potential for a change.

leading is a verb and hence, Eliminate.

Hence the best answer choice is D.

Many patients who are diagnosed with deficiencies in Vitamin A, Vitamin C, and Vitamin B12 overcompensate for the shortcomings in their diet by imbibing a higher than medically recommended amount of vitamin supplements that have the potential of leading to kidney damage.

(A) vitamin supplements that have the potential of leading to --> wrong choice that refer to supplements not for the higher amount
(B) vitamin supplements that have the potential to lead to -> wrong answer
(C) vitamin supplements that potentially can lead to --> wrong answer
(D) vitamin supplements, a practice that can, potentially, lead to --> wrong
(E) vitamin supplements, a practice that has the potential for leading to --> correct choice

In this task, there seems to be quite an obvious split in the options - what is the reason for kidney damage, is it the supplements themselves (A-С) or the habit of overconsuming them (D-E)?
In my opinion, a much better call is to choose the practice, not the supplements themselves. The reason for it is that it leads to kidney damage - not 'causes', not 'induces', etc.
Usually, a phenomenon leads to another phenomenon, a process to process. Sth like: 'planting trees leads to increase in the oxygen levels'. But we don't normally say 'trees lead to high oxygen', right?
It's the fact of their planting that does - which eliminates A, B and C.

So, I'm left with options D and E, where the 'practice' leads to damage. Now, the split is the following:

(D) vitamin supplements, a practice that can, potentially, lead to
(E) vitamin supplements, a practice that has the potential for leading to

Again, I feel there's a slight difference in meaning here. While the adverb 'potentially' is somewhat synonymous to possibly, perhaps, maybe etc., 'to have the potential for sth' is more commonly used
when speaking about someone's abilities, having a promising future, or just room for some future success.
That is, if we say that consumption of extra supplements has the potential for something, we refer to their future results and achievements (normally, clearly, positive) - and to me it looks that the sentence is
more inclined towards the 'possibly' meaning.

Plus, the structure of E is a bit too heavy as well.
Therefore, I'm settling for D.

Many patients who are diagnosed with deficiencies in Vitamin A, Vitamin C, and Vitamin B12 overcompensate for the shortcomings in their diet by imbibing a higher than medically recommended amount of vitamin supplements that have the potential of leading to kidney damage.

(A) vitamin supplements that have the potential of leading to
wrong idiomatic usage. 'potential to (verb)' is the correct form

(B) vitamin supplements that have the potential to lead to
incorrect reference to vitamin supplements rather than 'higher than medically recommended amount of vitamin supplements'

(C) vitamin supplements that potentially can lead to
incorrect reference, as mentioned for option B

(D) vitamin supplements, a practice that can, potentially, lead to
correct reference here ie, 'higher than medically recommended amount of vitamin supplements'..concise form..CORRECT option

(E) vitamin supplements, a practice that has the potential for leading to
though correct reference here ie, 'higher than medically recommended amount of vitamin supplements', but too wordy in the end
too wordy

[color=#0000ff]IMO, (D) will be the correct answer[/color]

Many patients who are diagnosed with deficiencies in Vitamin A, Vitamin C, and Vitamin B12 overcompensate for the shortcomings in their diet by imbibing a higher than medically recommended amount of vitamin supplements that have the potential of leading to kidney damage.

(A) vitamin supplements that have the potential of leading to
No possible errors. Seems likely the correct answer!

(B) vitamin supplements that have the potential to lead to
<< potential to lead to>> is incorrect. It should be <<potential of leading to>>

(C) vitamin supplements that potentially can lead to
Can and Potential cannot be used together. Can, could, potential etc. demonstrate ability.The use of any two or more together is redundant. Hence this option is incorrect.

(D) vitamin supplements, a practice that can, potentially, lead to
Can and Potential cannot be used together. Can, could, potential etc. demonstrate ability.The use of any two or more together is redundant. Hence this option is incorrect.

(E) vitamin supplements, a practice that has the potential for leading to
The phrase << potential for leading to>> is incorrect. It should be <<Potential Of>>

IMO: CHOICE A

(A) vitamin supplements that have the potential of leading to----Its not vitamin supplements that lead to kidney damage ,OUT

(B) vitamin supplements that have the potential to lead to-- same as a , out

(C) vitamin supplements that potentially can lead to same as a out

(D) vitamin supplements, a practice that can, potentially, lead to---Correct


(E) vitamin supplements, a practice that has the potential for leading to--- OUT

OA:D

We need to know what has the potential to lead to kidney damage, correct modifier should be practice , and not vitamin supplements

(A) vitamin supplements that have the potential of leading to - Incorrect - It seems like vitamin supplements have the potential of leading to kidney damage
(B) vitamin supplements that have the potential to lead to - Incorrect - It seems like vitamin supplements have the potential of leading to kidney damage
(C) vitamin supplements that potentially can lead to - Incorrect - we are limiting to specific vitamin supplements that can lead to kidney damage as if they are two vitamin supplements one that can lead to kidney damage and one that cannot
(D) vitamin supplements, a practice that can, potentially, lead to - Correct
(E) vitamin supplements, a practice that has the potential for leading to - Incorrect-usage of present perfect continuous is correct

(A) Many patients who are diagnosed with deficiencies in Vitamin A, Vitamin C, and Vitamin B12 overcompensate for the shortcomings in their diet by imbibing a higher than medically recommended amount of vitamin supplements that have the potential of leading to kidney damage. - Incorrect modifier placement, Eliminate
(B) Many patients who are diagnosed with deficiencies in Vitamin A, Vitamin C, and Vitamin B12 overcompensate for the shortcomings in their diet by imbibing a higher than medically recommended amount of vitamin supplements that have the potential to lead to kidney damage. - Incorrect modifier placement, erong meaning, Eliminate
(C) Many patients who are diagnosed with deficiencies in Vitamin A, Vitamin C, and Vitamin B12 overcompensate for the shortcomings in their diet by imbibing a higher than medically recommended amount of vitamin supplements that potentially can lead to kidney damage. - Incorrect modifier placement, Eliminate
(D) Many patients who are diagnosed with deficiencies in Vitamin A, Vitamin C, and Vitamin B12 overcompensate for the shortcomings in their diet by imbibing a higher than medically recommended amount of vitamin supplements, a practice that can, potentially, lead to kidney damage. - Correct modifier placement and meaning, Correct
(E) Many patients who are diagnosed with deficiencies in Vitamin A, Vitamin C, and Vitamin B12 overcompensate for the shortcomings in their diet by imbibing a higher than medically recommended amount of vitamin supplements, a practice that has the potential for leading to kidney damage. - Incorrect grammar, Awkward, Eliminate

Ans : D

OA)D

Many patients who are diagnosed with deficiencies in Vitamin A, Vitamin C, and Vitamin B12 overcompensate for the shortcomings in their diet by imbibing a higher than medically recommended amount of vitamin supplements that have the potential of leading to kidney damage.

(A) vitamin supplements that have the potential of leading to
--> that is modifying the supplements leads to meaning supplements have potential; while a higher amount of supplements than recommended will lead to damage

(B) vitamin supplements that have the potential to lead to
-->that is modifying the supplements leads to meaning supplements have potential; while a higher amount of supplements than recommended will lead to damage

(C) vitamin supplements that potentially can lead to
-->that is modifying the supplements leads to meaning supplements have potential; while a higher amount of supplements than recommended will lead to damage

(D) vitamin supplements, a practice that can, potentially, lead to

(E) vitamin supplements, a practice that has the potential for leading to
-->more indirect way of saying than D

(A) vitamin supplements that have the potential of leading to
--> Incorrectly suggesting that vitamin supplements as leading to kidney damage

(B) vitamin supplements that have the potential to lead to
--> Incorrectly suggesting that vitamin supplements as leading to kidney damage

(C) vitamin supplements that potentially can lead to
--> Incorrectly suggesting that vitamin supplements as leading to kidney damage

(D) vitamin supplements, a practice that can, potentially, lead to
--> Correct

(E) vitamin supplements, a practice that has the potential for leading to
--> "that has the potential for leading" is wordy and we have a better and more concise option

IMHO Option D

Many patients who are diagnosed with deficiencies in Vitamin A, Vitamin C, and Vitamin B12 overcompensate for the shortcomings in their diet by imbibing a higher than medically recommended amount of vitamin supplements that have the potential of leading to kidney damage.


It is the practice that has the potential, in A,B and C that may refer to the amount or vitamin suppliments, so eliminate A,B and C due to meaning issue

Between D and E, D clearly convey the meaning.

IMO D.

ExpertsGlobal5

While I understand that "for leading to" is awkward, instead "lead to" is better. However, isn't can...potentially redundant in choice D?

As per my learning on GMAT, redundancy in correct answer choice is a clear no!