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oviperis
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oviperis
1. Rivaling the pyramids of Egypt or even the ancient cities of the Maya as an achievement, the army of terra-cotta warriors created to protect Qin Shi Huang, China's first emperior, in his afterlife is more than 2,000 years old and took 700,000 artisans more than 36 years to complete.

2. Digging the sediments in northern China, scientists have gathered evidence suggesting that complex life-forms emerged much earlier than previously thought.

Question: Although both of the sentences have started with dangling modifier, why the second clause of the first sentence has taken a passive subject (the army of terra-cotta warriors) and the second clause of the second sentence has taken an active subject (scientists)?
Here is the another way to understand this..

1. Rivaling the pyramids of Egypt or even the ancient cities of the Maya as an achievement, -> We are comparing Pyramids of Egypt and Ancient Cities of Maya with something. Therefore, the main clause has to start with the thing that is being compared -> the army of terra-cotta warriors

2. Digging the sediments in northern China, -> Someone is digging the sediments in China. Hence the one performing the action must come next -> scientists

Hope this helps.
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Honestly its a great question, its something that I haven't yet thought of or considered in my prep. I don't think it makes much of a difference whether subject is passive or active. The important take away is that the Modifier modifies the Correct subject. Most GMAT questions are 2-3 split with the incorrect and correct subject. You must focus on the correct subject and look at the actual errors, which are never based on whether the subject is active or passive.

But I'd love to see questions where this is the case. I don't think I have come across such a question. usually there are other issues with the sentence other than this. Hope this helps!
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I don't think first is passive voice at all.

the army of terra-cotta warriors is more than 2,000 years old.

How is this passive voice? If it is, what will be the active voice for this?
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malavika1
I don't think first is passive voice at all.

the army of terra-cotta warriors is more than 2,000 years old.

How is this passive voice? If it is, what will be the active voice for this?
You're correct. The army is 2000 years old is not in the passive.