egmat
SidJainGMAT
Hi Verbal Experts (CrackVerbalGMAT/
eGmat/GmatNinja/mikemcgarry),
Have a query in option D?
Option D also has a ,+V-ing Modifiew "enabling it ..". That would refer to the subject moose as per the current structure of the sentence. But, I guess as per the meaning of the sentence, it should refer to legs. Hence, I feel the comma before the V-ing modifier must be removed to fix this so that then it will refer to legs.
Is this understanding correct? Please let me know later.
Thanks in advance!
Hello
SidJainGMAT,
Yes, your analysis is absolutely correct. The moose does not enable itself to move quickly through the woods. It his longs legs that do so. Hence, use of comma + enabling is incorrect in Choice D.
Hope this helps.

Thanks.
Shraddha
MAnkur
Hi Shraddha/Other Experts
Let me first thank you for your numerous explanations across posts. They are really helpful.
I have a doubt in regards to this explanation, comma + present participle modifies the preceding clause and applies to the subject of the preceding clause modifying the how/why. In D does "enabling" not modifey the entire preceding clause "Moose has long legs" and thereby correctly applies to the subject Moose and tells how having long legs enable it to move quickly.
Thanks in advance for your reply!
OPTION D IN THE SENTENCE:
(D) The North American
moose has long legs, enabling it to move quickly through the woods and to stop easily over downed trees while predators pursuing them must leap or go around [the fallen trees].Hi
MAnkur , Part #1 of your question:
In D does "enabling" not modifey the entire preceding clause "Moose has long legs"Slightly rewritten in the affirmative:
In D, does "enabling" modify the entire preceding clause moose has long legs?Yes.
enabling modifies the entire preceding clause
[the] moose has long legs.comma + present participle (comma + verbING) typically IS a modifier of the entire previous clause.
Part 2 of your question, slightly rephrased:
[Because enabling modifies the entire previous clause, does enabling] thereby correctly apply to the subject Moose and tell how having long legs enables it to move quickly?• Let's get rid of "thereby correctly apply to the subject Moose"A participial phrase that modifies an entire clause is adverbial.
That kind of modifier is not a noun modifier. A modifier that modifies an entire clause does not modify a specific noun.
enabling . . . does not modify
moose.
Rather,
enabling indicates a result of the
whole previous clause.
This notion is hard to convey in English, but I will try,
The fact that the moose has long legs enables it to move quickly and step over trees.
enabling X and Y is a result of
the moose has long legsAnimals with short legs cannot move quickly through the woods or step easily over fallen trees.
• the second part of this part 2 is circular: does
enabling tell how having long legs enables it to move quickly?
No.
enabling it to move quickly is a result of its having long legs.
The previous clause does not mention moving quickly.
This enabling phrase is a result phrase, not a how phrase.
HOW does a moose have long legs? In what way does a moose have long legs?
That question does not really make sense.
(HOW does a moose have long legs? Well, the genes of a moose tell it to have four legs.

)
Are you under the impression that a participial modifier must modify both the subject and the verb of the previous clause?
If so, that impression is not accurate.
I am fairly sure that Dmitry Farber already addressed your question in
THE POST ABOVE, HERE.
Is there something about that answer that does not make sense?
The first part of your question is accurate.
This __ING phrase modifies the entire previous clause.
But that phrase does not modify the subject or the verb.
It modifies the whole clause.
Participial phrases are often used to indicate results, as is the case in this question.
Hope that helps.