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555-605 (Medium)|   Word Problems|                                       
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IanStewart
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onedayill
I still didn't get you....

There are 15 different numbers, but we took only 4 for our example.

what if a + b+ c = 12
and d + e+ f = 12

but is a+b+e=12 ? or d+e+a or a+e+c or take any other combination. We need to pick a number such that no matter what, 3 numbers sum to 12. There is only one option -> 4.
e.g 5+5+2=12, 6+4+2 =12, Then is 5+6+2= 12?? or 2+4+5=12?? Nop!

Makes sense ?
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The question asks us if all the numbers in the list are equal. This is a ‘Yes-No’ type of DS question.
So, if all the numbers in the list are equal, we can answer the question with a Yes. Even if one of the numbers is unequal, the question can be answered with a No.

From statement I, we know that the sum of the numbers is 60.
If all the 15 numbers are equal to 4, the sum of the numbers will be 60. IN this case, we will be able to answer the main question with a Yes.

However, 10 of the numbers can be 5 each and 5 of them can be 2 each. In this case,

Sum of the 15 numbers = 10 * 5 + 5 * 2 = 50 + 10 = 60.

In this case, the main question can be answered with a No. Therefore, statement I alone is insufficient.
So, answer options A and D can be eliminated. Possible answer options are B, C or E.

From statement II, we know that the sum of ANY 3 numbers in the list is 12.
How do we understand this in a simple manner and not spend a lot of time on it yet??

Let’s say we pick the FIRST 3 numbers in the list, say, a,b and c. We know that a+b+c = 12. This can be satisfied by multiple values of a, b and c. One possible set is a=b=c=4.

Let us now bring in the fourth number, say d. The numbers that we now have are, a, b, c and d. You can pick any 3 of these numbers, but in all cases, the sum should be 12. This is only possible when all of the four numbers are equal to 12.

Let’s say a = 8, b = 3 and c = 1. Clearly, a + b + c = 12. Let d = 4. Out of a, b, c and d, picking b,c and d is also one way of picking any 3 numbers. But, b + c + d = 8 ≠ 12.

This is what I meant by saying that, if the constraint given in statement II has to be satisfied, it can only be done by taking all the numbers equal to 4.
This means that we can now answer the main question with “Yes, all the numbers in the list are equal”.

If you do not spend time on Statement II and try to analyse it in a hurry, you run the risk of falling for the trap answer, which is C.

The correct answer option is B.

Hope this helps!
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Walkabout
Are all of the numbers in a certain list of 15 numbers equal?

(1) The sum of all the numbers in the list is 60.
(2) The sum of any 3 numbers in the list is 12.
1)
Case-1-->
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4==>all 15 numbers are EQUAL

Case-2-->
4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 8 ===> these 15 numbers are NOT equal
-->Insufficient.

2)
Case-1-->
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4==>all 15 numbers are EQUAL
Case-2-->
3 4 5 (which add up 12)....3 4 5(which add up 12)....3 4 5(which add up 12)....3 4 5(which add up 12).....3 4 5(which add up 12).
But, if you choose any three numbers from case-2 like 3,3,3 (add up 9) or 5,5,5 (add up 15) they won't add up 12. It does not fulfill our second condition. So, case-1 makes sense. All 15 numbers are equal.
----> Sufficient.
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Walkabout
Are all of the numbers in a certain list of 15 numbers equal?

(1) The sum of all the numbers in the list is 60.
(2) The sum of any 3 numbers in the list is 12.
Answer: Option B

 
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Bunuel

Quote:
(2) The sum of any 3 numbers in the list is 12. Since the sum of ANY 3 numbers is 12 then ALL numbers must equal to 12/3=4, because if not all the numbers equal to 4, then we could pick certain set of 3 numbers so that their sum is not 12. Sufficient.

How about 3, 4, 5? The sum of these three numbers equal to 12 and even their average is 4. Wouldn't this satisfy the solution making the statement not sufficient?
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kushalkarmacharya
Bunuel

Quote:
(2) The sum of any 3 numbers in the list is 12. Since the sum of ANY 3 numbers is 12 then ALL numbers must equal to 12/3=4, because if not all the numbers equal to 4, then we could pick certain set of 3 numbers so that their sum is not 12. Sufficient.

How about 3, 4, 5? The sum of these three numbers equal to 12 and even their average is 4. Wouldn't this satisfy the solution making the statement not sufficient?

We are told that the list contains 15 numbers, not 3: Are all of the numbers in a certain list of 15 numbers equal?
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Bunuel

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We are told that the list contains 15 numbers, not 3: Are all of the numbers in a certain list of 15 numbers equal?

Yes, but S2 states: The sum of ANY 3 numbers in the list is 12. So I was thinking the any three numbers could be 3, 4, 5 repeated five times. Therefore the 15 number list would be (3, 4, 5), (3, 4, 5), (3, 4, 5), (3, 4, 5), (3, 4, 5) thus making the statement insufficient?
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Bunuel

Quote:
We are told that the list contains 15 numbers, not 3: Are all of the numbers in a certain list of 15 numbers equal?

Yes, but S2 states: The sum of ANY 3 numbers in the list is 12. So I was thinking the any three numbers could be 3, 4, 5 repeated five times. Therefore the 15 number list would be (3, 4, 5), (3, 4, 5), (3, 4, 5), (3, 4, 5), (3, 4, 5) thus making the statement insufficient?

The sum of any 3 numbers in the list is 12 means that the sum of ALL 3 number-groups we can choose from the list is 12. In your example, if we choose {3, 3, 3} or {3, 3, 4} or {3, 3, 5} or {3, 4, 4} or {3, 5, 5} or or {4, 4, 5} or {5, 5, 5}, the sum won't be 12.
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Understood! Thank you. I was interpreting the question differently. Thank you, it's crystal clean now. Best,

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