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AbdurRakib
Joined: 11 May 2014
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Concentration: Finance, Leadership
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WE:Business Development (Real Estate)
Updated on: 20 Jun 2021, 15:50
Originally posted by AbdurRakib on 15 Jun 2016, 04:19.
Last edited by Bunuel on 20 Jun 2021, 15:50, edited 9 times in total.
Last edited by Bunuel on 20 Jun 2021, 15:50, edited 9 times in total.
Edited the question.
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B
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
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Question Stats:
78% (01:12) correct
22%
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based on 14144
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Especially in the early years, new entrepreneurs may need to find resourceful ways, like renting temporary office space or using answering services, that make their company seem large and more firmly established than they may actually be.
(A) that make their company seem large
(B) to make their companies seem larger
(C) thus making their companies seem larger
(D) so that the companies seem larger
(E) of making their company seem large
(A) that make their company seem large
(B) to make their companies seem larger
(C) thus making their companies seem larger
(D) so that the companies seem larger
(E) of making their company seem large
https://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/12/business/12sbiz.html
To build a successful company, entrepreneurs need to play a variety of roles — visionary, sales representative and morale builder, to name a few. But, in some cases, especially in the early years, they may need to play another, less obvious one: illusionist. That means finding resourceful ways, like renting temporary office space or using answering services, to make themselves seem larger and more firmly established than they may actually be. Of course, no matter how adept their sleight-of-hand, it will not work unless they are delivering the goods.
New Entrepreneurs
(A) Sentence Structure (that); Noun-Pronoun and Noun-Noun Agreement (company); Comparison (large than)
(B) CORRECT
(C) Sentence Structure (thus);
(D) Sentence Structure (so that);
(E) Noun-Noun Agreement (company); Comparison (large than)
First glance
The opening word in each choice changes substantially (that, to, thus, so, of). That particular mix of words indicates possible Sentence Structure, Meaning, or Modifier issues.
Issues
(1) Sentence Structure: that; thus; so that
These differences pop out at the first glance. Check the earlier sentence structure to see what leads into these words.
The earlier sentence core is as follows: New entrepreneurs may need to find resourceful ways … (that; to; thus; so that; of). The entrepreneurs are purposely taking action, so they are finding ways to do something or of doing something. Answers (B) and (E) are okay, but eliminate choices (A), (C), and (D).
(2) Noun-Pronoun and Noun-Noun Agreement: company
The pronoun they appears in the last line of the sentence. Logically, they should refer to companies, but the original sentence uses the singular company. Eliminate choices (A) and (E) for faulty noun-pronoun agreement.
The original sentence also talks about a class of businessperson in general: new entrepreneurs. These businesspeople all share certain problems that are specific to being a part of this category. In general, then, this sentence is talking about many different entrepreneurs who are starting many different companies.
The language make their company seem, then, is illogical. This implies that all of these entrepreneurs are starting just one company together—but, logically, the different entrepreneurs, plural, should be starting many companies, plural. Eliminate choices (A) and (E) for faulty noun-noun agreement.
(3) Comparison: large
The original sentence indicates that these entrepreneurs want to make their compan(ies) seem large and more firmly established than … they are.
The sentence is trying to say that these entrepreneurs want to do two things: make the companies seem larger than they are and make the companies seem more firmly established than they are. The original sentence, however, says seem large … than, not larger than. Eliminate choices (A) and (E) for a faulty comparison structure.
The Correct Answer
Correct answer (B) makes a proper comparison (seem larger … than) and has proper noun-noun agreement (entrepreneurs … find ways … to make their companies). The overall sentence structure also conveys intent: Entrepreneurs may need to find resourceful ways to make something happen.
To build a successful company, entrepreneurs need to play a variety of roles — visionary, sales representative and morale builder, to name a few. But, in some cases, especially in the early years, they may need to play another, less obvious one: illusionist. That means finding resourceful ways, like renting temporary office space or using answering services, to make themselves seem larger and more firmly established than they may actually be. Of course, no matter how adept their sleight-of-hand, it will not work unless they are delivering the goods.
New Entrepreneurs
(A) Sentence Structure (that); Noun-Pronoun and Noun-Noun Agreement (company); Comparison (large than)
(B) CORRECT
(C) Sentence Structure (thus);
(D) Sentence Structure (so that);
(E) Noun-Noun Agreement (company); Comparison (large than)
First glance
The opening word in each choice changes substantially (that, to, thus, so, of). That particular mix of words indicates possible Sentence Structure, Meaning, or Modifier issues.
Issues
(1) Sentence Structure: that; thus; so that
These differences pop out at the first glance. Check the earlier sentence structure to see what leads into these words.
The earlier sentence core is as follows: New entrepreneurs may need to find resourceful ways … (that; to; thus; so that; of). The entrepreneurs are purposely taking action, so they are finding ways to do something or of doing something. Answers (B) and (E) are okay, but eliminate choices (A), (C), and (D).
(2) Noun-Pronoun and Noun-Noun Agreement: company
The pronoun they appears in the last line of the sentence. Logically, they should refer to companies, but the original sentence uses the singular company. Eliminate choices (A) and (E) for faulty noun-pronoun agreement.
The original sentence also talks about a class of businessperson in general: new entrepreneurs. These businesspeople all share certain problems that are specific to being a part of this category. In general, then, this sentence is talking about many different entrepreneurs who are starting many different companies.
The language make their company seem, then, is illogical. This implies that all of these entrepreneurs are starting just one company together—but, logically, the different entrepreneurs, plural, should be starting many companies, plural. Eliminate choices (A) and (E) for faulty noun-noun agreement.
(3) Comparison: large
The original sentence indicates that these entrepreneurs want to make their compan(ies) seem large and more firmly established than … they are.
The sentence is trying to say that these entrepreneurs want to do two things: make the companies seem larger than they are and make the companies seem more firmly established than they are. The original sentence, however, says seem large … than, not larger than. Eliminate choices (A) and (E) for a faulty comparison structure.
The Correct Answer
Correct answer (B) makes a proper comparison (seem larger … than) and has proper noun-noun agreement (entrepreneurs … find ways … to make their companies). The overall sentence structure also conveys intent: Entrepreneurs may need to find resourceful ways to make something happen.
03 Aug 2016, 10:11
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Warning: Really long post.
Especially in the early years, new entrepreneurs may need to find resourceful ways, like renting temporary office space or using answering services, that make their company seem large and more firmly established than they may actually be.
A) that make their company seem large
B) to make their companies seem larger
C) thus making their companies seem larger
D) so that the companies seem larger
E) of making their company seem large
Problems with option D:
X so that Y: Usage of this idiom implies:
1) Y is subordinate to X
2)Y is adverbial, i.e., it is an explainer for the clause X. It answers the question why X?
Why do the new entrepreneurs need to find resourceful ways? So that the companies seem larger and more established.
While this makes perfect sense logically, this is not the intended meaning. It is not clear who makes the companies seem larger and more established. The intended meaning is to bring out the intent : the ability of new age entrepreneurs to control/influence the outcome.
Analogous question:OG #171
In 1527 King Henry VII sought to have his marriage to Queen Catherine annulled so as to marry Anne Boleyn.
A) so as to marry
Doesn't make it clear who is to marry Anne Boleyn? Is it King Henry VII? Queen Catherine? Anyone else in the world ? GMATis uncomfortable with this level of logical ambiguity.
D) so that he could marry
Aha! So...he himself wanted to marry Anne Boleyn. No wonder he tried to annul the marriage.
To resolve between A) and D) we have to use the same logic.
Too subtle? Unfortunately this is the only way to resolve this split correctly, as some of you intuitively figured out.
Key takeway:
The to-infinitive states purpose with the subject involved more directly,whereas "so X that Y" has more indirect implications.
In broader terms, grammar alone is insufficient to get through SC: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/ ... -questions
Here is how you can solve this question using meaning:
Converting this question into an analogous easier to digest sentence to spot, extract and replace:
A)We need to find ways THAT beat GMAT.
B)We need to find ways TO beat the GMAT.
C)We need to ways THUS beating the GMAT
D)We need to find the way SO THAT GMAT is beaten.
E)We need to find ways OF beating the GMAT.
Only E) and B) are correct, because OF and TO are the correct preposition that go with WAYS, as confirmed by the official explanation.
The basis of this decision is meaning: We are concerned with the ability to control the outcome of the GMAT. This is why demonstrative THAT in A is wrong, the adverbials THUS in C) and SO THAT in D) are all wrong.
My 2 cents:
If you see this as the only split to resolve between the two options(one that uses so X that Y & the other uses X to Y) then the questions is experimental and you dont have to worry about it, as Ron and Mike both agree that GMAT does't test only this split. (I can post citations if someone requests them.)
On the other hand this questions does have another split. Comparing B) and D) vertically(since we have already eliminated all other options based on criteria already discussed above) quickly lands us an easy decision point.
B) to make their companies seem larger
D) so that the companies seem larger
Did you catch the subtle scope shift? There is significant loss in intended meaning.
Why at all should new age entrepreneurs be worried about all companies? They are desperate to search for innovative means so as to ensure that their companies see the light of day!
Other splits not discussed (Disclaimer
only if really really interested):
How to resolve between "of" and "to" without using other splits:Chronology!
Again meaning gives a interesting insight that helps me arrive at the right answer without searching for other splits.
B) to make their companies seem larger
Implies correct chronology: the infinitive "may need to" is futuristic: When the statement has been made the companies have not yet been made to appear larger or well established. First we find ways, then implement it and ultimately reap the benefits.
E) of making their company seem large
Chronology of the gerund "making":Since a gerund is a noun, it exists objectively, i.e., it already exists(either starting at the same time or before the time of the main clause.
This implies, that the companies have already or are currently being made to appear well established. This is grossly incorrect, as the time of occurrence of main sentence(present), new age entrepreneurs have not found ways yet.
This is not evident in first read, but read it a couple of times and you can recognize why this is enough to solve the question.
P.S.:Usage of Like is completely justified since the author of the sentence is speculating on hypothetical examples ("may need to..."), not literal ones.
Please give kudos if you liked it, took me a while to type this out.
Especially in the early years, new entrepreneurs may need to find resourceful ways, like renting temporary office space or using answering services, that make their company seem large and more firmly established than they may actually be.
A) that make their company seem large
B) to make their companies seem larger
C) thus making their companies seem larger
D) so that the companies seem larger
E) of making their company seem large
Problems with option D:
X so that Y: Usage of this idiom implies:
1) Y is subordinate to X
2)Y is adverbial, i.e., it is an explainer for the clause X. It answers the question why X?
Why do the new entrepreneurs need to find resourceful ways? So that the companies seem larger and more established.
While this makes perfect sense logically, this is not the intended meaning. It is not clear who makes the companies seem larger and more established. The intended meaning is to bring out the intent : the ability of new age entrepreneurs to control/influence the outcome.
Analogous question:OG #171
In 1527 King Henry VII sought to have his marriage to Queen Catherine annulled so as to marry Anne Boleyn.
A) so as to marry
Doesn't make it clear who is to marry Anne Boleyn? Is it King Henry VII? Queen Catherine? Anyone else in the world ? GMATis uncomfortable with this level of logical ambiguity.
D) so that he could marry
Aha! So...he himself wanted to marry Anne Boleyn. No wonder he tried to annul the marriage.
To resolve between A) and D) we have to use the same logic.
Too subtle? Unfortunately this is the only way to resolve this split correctly, as some of you intuitively figured out.
Key takeway:
The to-infinitive states purpose with the subject involved more directly,whereas "so X that Y" has more indirect implications.
In broader terms, grammar alone is insufficient to get through SC: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/ ... -questions
Here is how you can solve this question using meaning:
Converting this question into an analogous easier to digest sentence to spot, extract and replace:
A)We need to find ways THAT beat GMAT.
B)We need to find ways TO beat the GMAT.
C)We need to ways THUS beating the GMAT
D)We need to find the way SO THAT GMAT is beaten.
E)We need to find ways OF beating the GMAT.
Only E) and B) are correct, because OF and TO are the correct preposition that go with WAYS, as confirmed by the official explanation.
The basis of this decision is meaning: We are concerned with the ability to control the outcome of the GMAT. This is why demonstrative THAT in A is wrong, the adverbials THUS in C) and SO THAT in D) are all wrong.
My 2 cents:
If you see this as the only split to resolve between the two options(one that uses so X that Y & the other uses X to Y) then the questions is experimental and you dont have to worry about it, as Ron and Mike both agree that GMAT does't test only this split. (I can post citations if someone requests them.)
On the other hand this questions does have another split. Comparing B) and D) vertically(since we have already eliminated all other options based on criteria already discussed above) quickly lands us an easy decision point.
B) to make their companies seem larger
D) so that the companies seem larger
Did you catch the subtle scope shift? There is significant loss in intended meaning.
Why at all should new age entrepreneurs be worried about all companies? They are desperate to search for innovative means so as to ensure that their companies see the light of day!
Other splits not discussed (Disclaimer
only if really really interested):How to resolve between "of" and "to" without using other splits:Chronology!
Again meaning gives a interesting insight that helps me arrive at the right answer without searching for other splits.
B) to make their companies seem larger
Implies correct chronology: the infinitive "may need to" is futuristic: When the statement has been made the companies have not yet been made to appear larger or well established. First we find ways, then implement it and ultimately reap the benefits.
E) of making their company seem large
Chronology of the gerund "making":Since a gerund is a noun, it exists objectively, i.e., it already exists(either starting at the same time or before the time of the main clause.
This implies, that the companies have already or are currently being made to appear well established. This is grossly incorrect, as the time of occurrence of main sentence(present), new age entrepreneurs have not found ways yet.
This is not evident in first read, but read it a couple of times and you can recognize why this is enough to solve the question.
P.S.:Usage of Like is completely justified since the author of the sentence is speculating on hypothetical examples ("may need to..."), not literal ones.
Please give kudos if you liked it, took me a while to type this out.
21 Jun 2016, 22:29
Kudos
Bookmarks
Especially in the early years, new entrepreneurs may need to find resourceful ways, like renting temporary office space or using answering services, that make their company seem large and more firmly established than they may actually be.
Cutting out the examples - "like renting temporary office space or using answering services"
The sentence becomes:
Especially in the early years, new entrepreneurs may need to find resourceful ways that make their company seem large and more firmly established than they may actually be.
A) that make their company seem large
They should refer to plural companies and not company
B) to make their companies seem larger
Resourceful ways to do X -> Shows intent and is correct
C) thus making their companies seem larger
May need -> Signify a possibility and "thus" provides a strong reason that by finding resourceful ways -> The companies become larger and established. The interpretation is not consistent
D) so that the companies seem larger
"So" provides a reason and we can use "so" when the reason is established. The usage of "may" makes it a possibility.
E) of making their company seem large
They should refer to plural companies and not company
Cutting out the examples - "like renting temporary office space or using answering services"
The sentence becomes:
Especially in the early years, new entrepreneurs may need to find resourceful ways that make their company seem large and more firmly established than they may actually be.
A) that make their company seem large
They should refer to plural companies and not company
B) to make their companies seem larger
Resourceful ways to do X -> Shows intent and is correct
C) thus making their companies seem larger
May need -> Signify a possibility and "thus" provides a strong reason that by finding resourceful ways -> The companies become larger and established. The interpretation is not consistent
D) so that the companies seem larger
"So" provides a reason and we can use "so" when the reason is established. The usage of "may" makes it a possibility.
E) of making their company seem large
They should refer to plural companies and not company
