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Seattle's osprey population has been declining in recent years, primarily because of hunting, both legal and illegal. Osprey prey heavily on salmon, a fish that is prized as food by the coastal population, who had hoped at least that the decline in the osprey population would lead to an increase in salmon for human consumption. Yet the naturally occurring population of salmon has also declined, even though the annual number caught for human consumption has not increased.

Osprey population declining due to legal and illegal hunting.
Osprey & Costal population ------prey on ------>Salmon

Now comes the twist ,

Consumers of Salmon ; The Osprey population is declining and there is no increase in consumption of Salmon by Costal population, however the salmon population is declining.

So what causes decrease in Salmon Population ? There must be some alternate cause.


None except (C) is worth considering .

Consider the food chain as follows -


Salmon<-------American eel<-------osprey

hence IMHO C
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Explanation by the Source " GMAT FREE "

Reading the question: did you start with the stem on this question? Either way, we discover when we get to the stem that we have to "explain" on this question, just as we did in "Alternative Plants." "Explain" questions have similar features:

The mystery needing explaining has two parts.

The correct answer...

...usually addresses both parts of the mystery; and

...never contradicts the facts in the prompt.

Creating a filter: in this question, the two parts of the contradiction are delineated by the word "yet." Most "explain" questions have such a division word in the prompt. On one side of the "yet," 1) the osprey have declined. On the other side: 2) their predator, osprey, haven't declined (and we aren't fishing them any more than before). Our filter is to look for an answer choice that addresses both 1) and 2) without contradicting either.

Applying this filter, we can turn to the answers: Choices (A) and (B) irrelevant, because we know fishing isn't the explanation. Choice (C) looks relevant. We'll come back to it. Choice (D) is irrelevant; who cares why we hunt osprey? (E) is similarly irrelevant. Choice (C) is a great explanation. It presents an overlooked effect of the lower number of ospreys. Eels are more populous than ever and gobbling up the salmon, even though there are fewer osprey. The correct answer is (C).
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No ambiguity while selecting C. Only C give right reason for declining the population of the salmon even though the annual number caught for human consumption has not increased.

answer is C.
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