12 Days of Christmas GMAT Competition - Day 2: The ancient Olympic

This seems like a parallelism question.

A,E- Eratosthenes is not known for earth's axial tilt.
Eratosthenes is known for his calculations of Earth's circumference and of earth's axial tilt. - So correct parallelism on option C.

A) usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for ( Wrong - Usage is wrongly used and Preposition after "AND" is also wrong)

(B) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and ( Right - Correct word "USE" is placed and no Preposition after "AND").

(C) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria, known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and of (Use of Preposition after "AND" is wrong)

(D) usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and ( Wrong - Usage is wrongly used , It is used for Language and Customs , )

(E) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for (Use of Preposition after "AND" is wrong)

Option B . Since usage is not correct . Is known is correct rather than known. And for at last place in sentence is not required

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A) Illogical meaning: (Eratosthenes) known for his calculation of circumference and (Eratosthenes) axial tilt? He is the axial tilt? Illogical.

B) Illogical meaning: known for his calculation of the earth's circumference and the earth's axial tilt
Is he calculating the circumference and the tilt as one calculation?

C) Clear parallelism and meaning: Known for his calculation of the circumference of the earth and (known for his calculation) of the earth's axial tilt as well as...

D) Similar error as B.

E) Similar error as A.

(A) usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for--False parallelism; Incorrect

(B) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and - All the parallelism is maintained ; Correct

(C) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria, known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and of- modifier "known for his calculation" is modifying Alexandria instead it should modify Eratosthenes

(D) usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and --He is still known; "is" is missing; incorrect

(E) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for-wrong

oa:b

what is difference between usage(sense of continuity or commonness of something) and use

Lots of parallelism going on here.

Looking at the second part of the sentence as the 1st part seems almost same
who after the name seems redundant

a. for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for - this for is extra and breaking the parallelism

b.who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and
This makes sentence a list with primary object who which is wrong. We know circumference and axial are ||

c. Fixed || issues and concise

d. who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and known for his calculation
is missing before known. Known cannot be in past tense because it is universal truth

e.who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for - Same issue as A

Ans: C

Sentence connected with semicolon must be stand alone independently. Eliminate A and D...

Option C is not connected with relative pronoun "who" and sounds awkward. Eliminate C

Option B- (..... is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and....) Since, GMAT prefer concise sentence. Option D is better to select.

Option D is the correct one.

Correct answer: C


POE to eliminate the incorrect options:


(A) usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for. Usage of an Olympiad

(B) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and. Who was construction not correct and also no preposition after and

(C) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria, known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and of. Correct preposition use and description for eratosthenes in commas

(D) usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and. similar reason as A

(E) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for and for end is not correct usage og preposition

Split1: Eratosthenes was known for his calculation of two things and this must be parallel.
for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth
the Earth’s axial tilt
Options A, C, E are not parallel. Eliminate them.

Split 2: Now between B and D there isn't much difference. use vs usage & is known vs known
In D "was Chief libranian and known for xx" makes sense than B.

(A) usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for

(B) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and

(C) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria, known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and of

(D) usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and

(E) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for

Ans:D

The ancient Olympic games were held every four years, a period of time known as an Olympiad;
usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes,
who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria
and
is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and
for the Earth’s axial tilt
as well as
for his introduction of the sieve of Eratosthenes,
an ancient algorithm for finding prime numbers.

.... Eratosthenes .... is known for
for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and
for the Earth’s axial tilt
as well as
for his introduction of the sieve of Eratosthenes, ....
is the correct parallel construction.

Unless it is meant
.... Eratosthenes .... is known for his calculation
of the circumference of the Earth and
of[/u] the Earth’s axial tilt
as well as
for his introduction of the sieve of Eratosthenes, ....

Here he is known for his calculation of the Earth’s axial tilt
But calculations (plural) should have been used. Therefore, it is incorrect

the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes
is bettan than usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes
Subject should contain the


the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes
is bettan than usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes
Subject should contain the
Incorrect


Preposition for is missing after and
Incorrect


Usage of of is incorrect; for should be used for correct parallelism.
Incorrect


is is missing before known
Preposition for is missing after and
Incorrect


.... Eratosthenes .... is known for
for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and
for the Earth’s axial tilt
as well as
for his introduction of the sieve of Eratosthenes, ....
is the correct parallel construction.
the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes
is bettan than usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes
Correct

IMO E

(A) usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for usage of 'for' is wrong

(B) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and [/color] correct option
parallelism is maintained also .. usage of is known is correct ..

(C) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria, known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and of is sometimes is wrong meaning also pronoun error without who

(D) usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and need is before known

(E) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for
meaning and for is verbose

OPTION B is correct

.

Breaking down the question stem to a meaning based approach
The first underlined sections in all the options is like a red herring. They may or may not be correct. So we need to move to definitive errors.

The major error in meaning can be seen in known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for . Eratosthenes is known for his calculation of the circumference of the earth and calculation of the Earth's axial tilt. Here for has been incorrectly used to indicate that.So options A and E are out

C does not have a SV pair and hence C is out.

Between B and D, B correctly explains that Eratosthenes was a librarian and is known for his calculation of X and Y. In D, the was states that the information about Eratosthenes was known in the past and is not available anymore.

IMO B is the correct answer

The ancient Olympic games were held every four years, a period of time known as an Olympiad; usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for the Earth’s axial tilt as well as for his introduction of the sieve of Eratosthenes, an ancient algorithm for finding prime numbers.

(A) usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for
'Usage of an olympiad' is convoluted. Also,'for' usage means that 'Eratosthenes is known for the Earth’s axial tilt' which is absurd. Eliminate

(B) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and
This is correct parallelism with 'and' usage. The meaning is correctly maintained with no confusion, ''Eratosthenes is known for the calculation of the Earth's axial tilt'. Keep

(C) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria, known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and of
This causes distortion in the meaning as 'Eratosthenes is known for the calculation of the circumference of the Earth's axial tilt'. Eliminate


(D) usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and
'Usage of an olympiad' is convoluted. Eliminate

(E) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for
'for' usage means that 'Eratosthenes is known for the Earth’s axial tilt' which is absurd. Eliminate

B is the correct answer choice.

The ancient Olympic games were held every four years, a period of time known as an Olympiad; usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for the Earth’s axial tilt as well as for his introduction of the sieve of Eratosthenes, an ancient algorithm for finding prime numbers.

(A) usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for

<<usage of an Olympiad as a unit>> is an awkward construction.
<< and for the Earth’s axial tilt>> distorts the meaning of the original sentence.

INCORRECT !!

(B) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and

Everything about this option seems fine and there are no obvious errors. Probably this option is CORRECT !!

(C) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria, known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and of

The string of modifiers in this option i.e., <<chief librarian at the Library ...>> <<known for his calculation of the ...>> makes this construction awkward and is grammatically INCORRECT.

(D) usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and

<<usage of an Olympiad as a unit>> is an awkward construction.
<<and known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth>> the working verb here is missing.

INCORRECT !!

(E) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for

<< and for the Earth’s axial tilt>> distorts the meaning of the original sentence.

INCORRECT !!

IMO Option B

The ancient Olympic games were held every four years, a period of time known as an Olympiad; usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for the Earth’s axial tilt as well as for his introduction of the sieve of Eratosthenes, an ancient algorithm for finding prime numbers.

The ancient Olympic games were held every four years, a period of time known as an Olympiad;
usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes,
who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for
his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for the Earth’s axial tilt as well as
for his introduction of the sieve of Eratosthenes, an ancient algorithm for finding prime numbers.

splits - is known, was known - was known is incorrect
known for

(A) usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for
Incorrect. not known for Earth's axial tilt but its calculation

(B) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and
Correct. meaning is clear and mistakes have been corrected

(C) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria, known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and of
Incorrect. Double modifier. calculation of or circumference of Earth's axial tilt. Meaning is unclear

(D) usage of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and
Incorrect. was known is incorrect

(E) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and for
Incorrect. not known for Earth's axial tilt but its calculation

IMO (B) the use of an Olympiad as a unit of time in ancient histories is sometimes credited to Eratosthenes, who was chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria and is known for his calculation of the circumference of the Earth and

Who was is correctly used, use > usage, and calculation is correctly credited as he was responsible for the calculation and not the actual tilt itself!