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­The asnwer should be answer C, as it assumes that city dewllers will purchase only when the cost of the car is low.
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Analyst Claim: The sales and pre-orders of electric cars in urban areas will significantly increase this year. The primary reason for this increase is that ongoing improvements in battery technology have substantially lowered the cost of electric cars, making them more affordable for city dwellers.

Which of the following is an assumption made in drawing the conclusion above?

(A) Urban infrastructure, such as charging stations, will become more widely available in city areas this year. (Out of scope. We don't know if charging stations will make a dent in customer's pockets going forward or not)
(B) The performance of electric cars, in terms of speed and comfort, is on par with that of gasoline-powered cars. (out of scope. Not talking about performane)
(C) City dwellers are primarily motivated by cost savings when choosing a vehicle. (Yes, the whole point is that customers are cost centric and will prefer EVs because of this)
(D) The cost of gasoline will remain stable throughout the year. (doesn't this help gasoline cars sales to boost? Wrong)
(E) The production of electric cars will be sufficient to meet the increased consumer demand this year. (Out of scope, not concerned about production figures)

Option C­
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­(A) Urban infrastructure, such as charging stations, will become more widely available in city areas this year.


  • This option suggests that the availability of charging stations is a necessary condition for the increased adoption of electric cars. While it supports the conclusion, it does not directly tie to the specific reason given (lower cost due to improved battery technology).
(B) The performance of electric cars, in terms of speed and comfort, is on par with that of gasoline-powered cars.


  • This option addresses the performance aspect, which is an important factor for consumers. However, the claim is focused on cost reduction due to battery technology, not performance comparison.
(C) City dwellers are primarily motivated by cost savings when choosing a vehicle.


  • This option directly relates to the conclusion. If city dwellers are motivated by cost savings, then the lowered cost of electric cars due to improved battery technology will likely lead to increased sales and pre-orders. This assumption connects the reason (lower cost) to the expected outcome (increased sales).
(D) The cost of gasoline will remain stable throughout the year.


  • This option suggests that the cost of gasoline remaining stable is a necessary condition for the increased adoption of electric cars. However, it is not directly tied to the specific reason given for the increase in sales (lower cost due to improved battery technology).
(E) The production of electric cars will be sufficient to meet the increased consumer demand this year.


  • This option addresses the supply side of the market. While it is necessary for meeting increased demand, it does not directly support the specific reason given for the increase (lower cost due to improved battery technology).
Conclusion:

The assumption that directly supports the specific reason provided in the claim (lower cost due to improved battery technology) leading to increased sales and pre-orders of electric cars is:

(C) City dwellers are primarily motivated by cost savings when choosing a vehicle.

This assumption links the reason (cost savings from improved battery technology) to the expected outcome (increased sales and pre-orders), making it crucial for the conclusion to hold.

Therefore, the correct answer is (C).
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In the analyst's claim, they make a clear unstated link between the lowering of the cost of electric cars, and the increase in demand that will have for the sales and pre-order of electric cars in urban areas. However if price is not a factor for buyers when choosing cars, then this reduction will have little to no change for sales. We must find the answer choice that most fits this assumption. 

Let us go through the answer choices

(A) Urban infrastructure, such as charging stations, will become more widely available in city areas this year.

It is not stated that accessibility to charging stations was ever a factor in the sales of electric cars.

(B) The performance of electric cars, in terms of speed and comfort, is on par with that of gasoline-powered cars.

Yet again, this is a premise that was not stated. Nothing was said regarding the relationship between electric cars and gasoline-powered cars. We do not know why people by electric cars, perhaps it has nothing to do with speed or comfort. 

(C) City dwellers are primarily motivated by cost savings when choosing a vehicle.

The analyst clearly makes a link between the affordability of the cars and an increase in their sales. Therefore the assumption is that consumers must be primarily motivated by cost savings when choosing a vehicle. If they are motivated by other factors and not by cost savings at all, then changes in price will have little to no effect on sales. 

(D) The cost of gasoline will remain stable throughout the year. 

Again, we do not know why electric cars were chosen over gasoline-powered cars. This statement is not strong enough for an assumption. What if gasoline prices are not stable and go up, that will only benefit electric cars. Maybe they go down, but people still choose electric cars. We have no link between cost of gasoline and demand for electric cars.

(E) The production of electric cars will be sufficient to meet the increased consumer demand this year.

This answer choice is more tempting however the key is that both sales AND pre-orders will significantly increase. Perhaps people will pre-order the car this year, and wait until next year for them to be delivered. It is not mentioned in the text that cars must be promptly delivered.

So the answer is C

Bunuel
­Analyst Claim: The sales and pre-orders of electric cars in urban areas will significantly increase this year. The primary reason for this increase is that ongoing improvements in battery technology have substantially lowered the cost of electric cars, making them more affordable for city dwellers.

Which of the following is an assumption made in drawing the conclusion above?

(A) Urban infrastructure, such as charging stations, will become more widely available in city areas this year.
(B) The performance of electric cars, in terms of speed and comfort, is on par with that of gasoline-powered cars.
(C) City dwellers are primarily motivated by cost savings when choosing a vehicle.
(D) The cost of gasoline will remain stable throughout the year.
(E) The production of electric cars will be sufficient to meet the increased consumer demand this year.



­
 


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Option C

The cost of cars going down.. thus, more demand for electric cars
Assumption
Cause-effect

(A) Urban infrastructure, such as charging stations, will become more widely available in city areas this year. - not related
(B) The performance of electric cars, in terms of speed and comfort, is on par with that of gasoline-powered cars. - Performance is not a concern
(C) City dwellers are primarily motivated by cost savings when choosing a vehicle. - Yes, This HAS TO BE an assumption, negating it breaks the conclusion
(D) The cost of gasoline will remain stable throughout the year. -- tricky, but when negated, it strengthens the conclusion so eliminate
(E) The production of electric cars will be sufficient to meet the increased consumer demand this year. - Not related
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we need to find something that is necessary to conclude that the primary reason for the increase in electric car sales and preorder is "that ongoing improvements in battery technology have substantially lowered the cost of electric cars, making them more affordable for city dweller"

(A) Urban infrastructure, such as charging stations, will become more widely available in city areas this year.: this gives another possible reason for the increase

(B) The performance of electric cars, in terms of speed and comfort, is on par with that of gasoline-powered cars.: this is not necessary for the conclusion to be made

(C) City dwellers are primarily motivated by cost savings when choosing a vehicle.: if they arent primarly motivated in cost savings when choosing an electric cars, then them being more affordable isn´t the primary reason why they buy one.

(D) The cost of gasoline will remain stable throughout the year.: if it would substantially increase it could weaken the conclussion but it´s not an necessary assumption that it remains stable

(E) The production of electric cars will be sufficient to meet the increased consumer demand this year.: it says sales and pre-orders, if the demand isn´t met consumer can pre order

answer D­
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Bunuel
­Analyst Claim: The sales and pre-orders of electric cars in urban areas will significantly increase this year. The primary reason for this increase is that ongoing improvements in battery technology have substantially lowered the cost of electric cars, making them more affordable for city dwellers.

Which of the following is an assumption made in drawing the conclusion above?

(A) Urban infrastructure, such as charging stations, will become more widely available in city areas this year.
(B) The performance of electric cars, in terms of speed and comfort, is on par with that of gasoline-powered cars.
(C) City dwellers are primarily motivated by cost savings when choosing a vehicle.
(D) The cost of gasoline will remain stable throughout the year.
(E) The production of electric cars will be sufficient to meet the increased consumer demand this year.



­
 


This question was provided by GMAT Club
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­
­Conclusion= claim= Sales and Pre-order of electric cars in urban areas will significantly increase this year
given 
primary reason for increase is that ongoing improvements in battery tech have substantially lowered cost of electric cars
and this has made them more affordable for city dwellers

(A) Urban infrastructure, such as charging stations, will become more widely available in city areas this year.
-- entire argument is more on cost and affordability and conclusion is on sale so charging stations available have no role

(B) The performance of electric cars, in terms of speed and comfort, is on par with that of gasoline-powered cars.
-- it is not. a must be true staement as argument talks about affordability and cost. so out

(C) City dwellers are primarily motivated by cost savings when choosing a vehicle.
-- this is the gap between conclusion and premise. Affordability and lower cost is the reason for choosing a vehicle.

(D) The cost of gasoline will remain stable throughout the year.
--- conclusion is not dependent on cost of gasoline and hence out

(E) The production of electric cars will be sufficient to meet the increased consumer demand this year.
-- it talks about production meeting demand and is not a must be statement ..even production will not be sufficient it is ok to beleive that sale and pre order will significantly increase
 
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The conclusion of the passage is : The sales and pre-orders of electric cars in urban areas will significantly increase this year.

(A) Urban infrastructure, such as charging stations, will become more widely available in city areas this year.
if urban infrastructure will not become available, this would not hurt our conclusion, false

(B) The performance of electric cars, in terms of speed and comfort, is on par with that of gasoline-powered cars.
we do not need this assuption for our conclusion to be valid. If the performance of electric cars, in terms of speed and comfort, is not on par with that of gasoline-powered cars that would not hurt the conclusion which is solely based on cost matters. False

(C) City dwellers are primarily motivated by cost savings when choosing a vehicle.
This is the correct answer, because the conclusion is mainly related to cost reasons. if the city dwellers are not motivated by cost saving, then the reason of improvements in battery technology have substantially lowered the cost of electric cars will no longer strengthen our conclusion. Correct

(D) The cost of gasoline will remain stable throughout the year.
False, if the cost of gasoline increase or decrease throught the year, this has nothing to do with the increase in sales of electrical cars

(E) The production of electric cars will be sufficient to meet the increased consumer demand this year.
False The production of electric cars is not sufficient to meet the increased consumer demand this year, then our conclusion will always stay strong. we can still have sales increasing with the production sufficient to meet the increased demand

Correct answer is C
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Option C when negated we get, "City dwellers are not primarily motivated by cost savings when choosing a vehicle" - This weakens the conclusion stated in the argument that since cost will reduce and cars will become more affordable, people will buy it more. Hence, opt C is the correct answer

Option A, B, D & E are out of scope because if we negated all these options, they do not weaken the conclusion in anyway. Hence, can be eliminated 
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Which of the following is an assumption made in drawing the conclusion above?

(A) Urban infrastructure, such as charging stations, will become more widely available in city areas this year.
CORRECT
lack of charging stations could hinder people to buy an electric car, so as demand's car grows, charging stations also do
(B) The performance of electric cars, in terms of speed and comfort, is on par with that of gasoline-powered cars.
INCORRECT
out of scope, performance is an evaluation criteria in the statement

(C) City dwellers are primarily motivated by cost savings when choosing a vehicle.
INCORRECT
Even though this is true, affordable does not mean savings Money.

(D) The cost of gasoline will remain stable throughout the year.
INCORRECT
out of scope, is just a fact that is not related with the argument addressing in the text for acquiring an electric car.

(E) The production of electric cars will be sufficient to meet the increased consumer demand this year.
INCORRECT
out of scope, ether meeting the demand or not it is alien to the argument which mentions that sales and pre orders will increase.

ANS LETTER A
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Bunuel
­Analyst Claim: The sales and pre-orders of electric cars in urban areas will significantly increase this year. The primary reason for this increase is that ongoing improvements in battery technology have substantially lowered the cost of electric cars, making them more affordable for city dwellers.

Which of the following is an assumption made in drawing the conclusion above?

(A) Urban infrastructure, such as charging stations, will become more widely available in city areas this year.
(B) The performance of electric cars, in terms of speed and comfort, is on par with that of gasoline-powered cars.
(C) City dwellers are primarily motivated by cost savings when choosing a vehicle.
(D) The cost of gasoline will remain stable throughout the year.
(E) The production of electric cars will be sufficient to meet the increased consumer demand this year.
 
­
A - The passage states that the sales will increase because of the lowered cost - the city infrastructure need not support electric cars for people to buy them

B - Even if the electric cars are not on par with gasoline powered cars, the lower ost can still be an incentive for people to buy electric cars.

C - Cost saving might be just one of the factors, and not the primary factor. This was one of the options I had shortlisted

D - Since the claim is about the car and not the maintainence of it, gasoline prices do not affect the decision. If the statement had been about gasoline powered cars on the other hand, it would have definitely been an assumption.

E - if the production is not sufficient, dealers will not be able to sell the cars. The passage does say pre orders - Which is why I was confused between option C and E.  But production will include pre ordered cars.

Option E 
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To solve this we need to piece together what the argument depends on. The argument states that sales of electric cars will increase. Why? because electric cars are more affordable for city dwellers. The assumption is that city dwellers are looking to buy cheaper cars. Now lets look at our answer choices.

­Analyst Claim: The sales and pre-orders of electric cars in urban areas will significantly increase this year. The primary reason for this increase is that ongoing improvements in battery technology have substantially lowered the cost of electric cars, making them more affordable for city dwellers.

Which of the following is an assumption made in drawing the conclusion above?

(A) Urban infrastructure, such as charging stations, will become more widely available in city areas this year.
-this is out of scope, it may be true but the argument doesnt mention anything about charging stations. again we are focused on lowered costs bolstering sales.
(B) The performance of electric cars, in terms of speed and comfort, is on par with that of gasoline-powered cars.
-also out of scope
(C) City dwellers are primarily motivated by cost savings when choosing a vehicle.
-this sounds pretty much exact to what we said above! So keep this answer
(D) The cost of gasoline will remain stable throughout the year.
-out of scope, while gas is pricey the argument is stating that electric cars got cheaper not that gas-powered cars are more expensive
(E) The production of electric cars will be sufficient to meet the increased consumer demand this year.
-also out of scope

This means that C is the best answer for our assumption
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(A) This would support the adoption of electric cars, but the conclusion specifically attributes the increase to reduced costs from battery improvements, not infrastructure availability.
(B) While important, this assumption is about performance, not cost. The conclusion focuses on affordability due to battery technology improvements.
(C) Correct. If cost savings are a primary motivator, then the reduced cost of electric cars would indeed drive the increase in sales and pre-orders as claimed.
(D) Irrelevant to the claim, which focuses on the affordability of electric cars due to battery technology improvements, not the stability of gasoline prices.
(E) Important for meeting demand, but not directly related to the analyst’s claim about affordability driving the increase in sales.

Answer C
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Analyst claims that preorder or sales of e-vs are going to be less costlier. Hence will increase

Negation: not going to increase due to less. ( C) is the option which is stating some after negation.­
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In the case that the price of gasoline does not stay stable, it would have an impact on the consumers. If the price of gasoline decreases, consumers will prefer the gasoline cars. The argument will fall apart. 
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Assumption made by author is that customers are motivated by cost saving and no other factor would change their decision.

(A) Urban infrastructure, such as charging stations, will become more widely available in city areas this year. - OOS
(B) The performance of electric cars, in terms of speed and comfort, is on par with that of gasoline-powered cars. -OOS
(C) City dwellers are primarily motivated by cost savings when choosing a vehicle.-Yes
(D) The cost of gasoline will remain stable throughout the year.-cost is not the factor, hence out.
(E) The production of electric cars will be sufficient to meet the increased consumer demand this year._OOS

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