Bunuel
Analyst Claim: The sales and pre-orders of electric cars in urban areas will significantly increase this year. The primary reason for this increase is that ongoing improvements in battery technology have substantially lowered the cost of electric cars, making them more affordable for city dwellers.
Which of the following is an assumption made in drawing the conclusion above?
(A) Urban infrastructure, such as charging stations, will become more widely available in city areas this year.
(B) The performance of electric cars, in terms of speed and comfort, is on par with that of gasoline-powered cars.
(C) City dwellers are primarily motivated by cost savings when choosing a vehicle.
(D) The cost of gasoline will remain stable throughout the year.
(E) The production of electric cars will be sufficient to meet the increased consumer demand this year.
To evaluate the assumption underlying the analyst's claim, let's identify the core components of the argument:
1. **Claim**: Sales and pre-orders of electric cars in urban areas will significantly increase this year.
2. **Primary Reason**: Ongoing improvements in battery technology have substantially lowered the cost of electric cars, making them more affordable for city dwellers.
The argument hinges on the notion that affordability due to lowered costs from improvements in battery technology will drive the increase in sales and pre-orders of electric cars. For this conclusion to be valid, several assumptions must hold true.
Let's analyze each option to determine which one is an underlying assumption of the analyst's claim:
(A) **Urban infrastructure, such as charging stations, will become more widely available in city areas this year.**
- This option addresses the infrastructure required for electric cars. While relevant, the argument's primary focus is on the affordability due to lowered costs from improved battery technology, not infrastructure availability. Thus, this is not a direct assumption of the argument.
(B) **The performance of electric cars, in terms of speed and comfort, is on par with that of gasoline-powered cars.**
- While performance could influence sales, the argument specifically attributes the anticipated increase to affordability from improved battery technology. Performance equivalency is not directly assumed in the given reasoning.
(C) **City dwellers are primarily motivated by cost savings when choosing a vehicle.**
- This is directly related to the argument. If city dwellers are motivated by cost savings, then the reduced cost of electric cars due to battery improvements would logically lead to increased sales and pre-orders. This assumption directly supports the conclusion drawn.
(D) **The cost of gasoline will remain stable throughout the year.**
- The argument does not depend on the stability of gasoline prices; rather, it focuses on the cost reduction of electric cars. Therefore, this is not an underlying assumption.
(E) **The production of electric cars will be sufficient to meet the increased consumer demand this year.**
- While important for the practical realization of the claim, the argument does not explicitly assume production sufficiency. It focuses on the expected increase in sales due to affordability, not production capacity.
Given this analysis, the assumption that directly supports the analyst's claim is:
City dwellers being primarily motivated by cost savings when choosing a vehicle is a critical assumption for the argument that reduced costs from battery technology improvements will drive increased sales and pre-orders of electric cars in urban areas.