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Conclusion: Because unhealthy snacks are not heavily consumed at school, regulating them would not significantly affect teenagers' overall snack consumption.


A. Teenagers are more likely to consume unhealthy snacks at home if they perceive a lack of desirable options at school.

- implies that if unhealthy snacks are not available at school, teenagers might compensate by consuming more unhealthy snacks from home and regulating snacks at school could shift consumption rather than reduce it overall, which directly challenges the conclusion that such regulation would not affect overall snack consumption.


B. -Not Relevant

C) -Not Relevant

D) Implies that the impact of school snack regulation could still affect overall consumption patterns beyond just school hours.


E. Teenagers often skip meals at home, which increases their likelihood of consuming snacks, both healthy and unhealthy, during school hours.
-interesting choice , it does not directly address how regulating cafeteria snacks would impact overall snack consumption from home.


A and D are both relevant to questioning the nutritionist’s conclusion, but A most directly challenges the idea that regulating school snacks will not affect overall snack consumption by introducing the possibility that regulation could lead to increased unhealthy snack consumption from home.­
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­Conclusion: "regulating school cafeteria offerings would not significantly impact overall teenage snack consumption."
We have to find a statement that proves that regulating school cafeteria offerings will affect snack consumption.

D. The study measured only the snacks consumed within school hours and did not account for additional consumption immediately before or after school.
"However, a recent study shows that the average consumption of unhealthy snacks by teenagers at school is less than two items per week, suggesting that teenagers do not heavily consume these products at school anyway."
This reasoning is used by Nutritionist to come to the conclusion. Option D targets this study. If the snack consumption by students is actually more in school than stated, then regulating school cafeteria offerings would definitely impact overall teenage snack consumption.

Ans D
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Conclusion: Regulating school cafeteria offerings would not significantly impact overall teenage snack consumption.

Weaken.

A. Teenagers are more likely to consume unhealthy snacks at home if they perceive a lack of desirable options at school.
This is correct. N says regulation wont have an impact. But this option says that if regulated, consumption of unhelathy snacks will increase.


B. Many schools already limit the sale of certain types of unhealthy snacks, but they remain available through vending machines not controlled by the cafeteria.
This strengthens. As snacks will always remain available and hence any regulation of cafeteria will have no impact.


C. Health education classes that discuss dietary choices can influence teenagers to make healthier eating decisions, independent of the school cafeteria offerings.
Strengthens. As per this option choices will be independent of the school cafeteria offerings.


D. The study measured only the snacks consumed within school hours and did not account for additional consumption immediately before or after school.
Out of scope. As we have to measure the impact of change is cafeteria offerings.


E. Teenagers often skip meals at home, which increases their likelihood of consuming snacks, both healthy and unhealthy, during school hours.
Argument is about "unhealthy snacks". Hence incorrect.
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Nutritionist Claim: It has been proposed that to combat rising obesity rates among teenagers, schools should strictly regulate the snack options available in school cafeterias. Critics argue that teenagers will just bring less healthy snacks from home if they want them. However, a recent study shows that the average consumption of unhealthy snacks by teenagers at school is less than two items per week, suggesting that teenagers do not heavily consume these products at school anyway.

Thus, regulating school cafeteria offerings would not significantly impact overall teenage snack consumption.

Which of the following, if true, would most seriously call into question the nutritionist's conclusion?
Quote:
 A. Teenagers are more likely to consume unhealthy snacks at home if they perceive a lack of desirable options at school.
If school cafeteria offerings are regulated and unhealthy snacks are unavailable at school, then teenagers are more likely to consume unhealthy snacks at home if they perceive a lack of desirable options at school. Thus, regulating school cafeteria offerings would not significantly impact overall teenage snack consumption. The statement does not call into question the nutritionist's conclusion.
Incorrect
Quote:
 B. Many schools already limit the sale of certain types of unhealthy snacks, but they remain available through vending machines not controlled by the cafeteria.
If the statement is true, and many schools already limit the sale of certain types of unhealthy snacks, but they remain available through vending machines not controlled by the cafeteria then regulating school cafeteria offerings would not significantly impact overall teenage snack consumption. The statement does not call into question the nutritionist's conclusion.
Incorrect
Quote:
 C. Health education classes that discuss dietary choices can influence teenagers to make healthier eating decisions, independent of the school cafeteria offerings.
If the statement is true, and health education classes that discuss dietary choices can influence teenagers to make healthier eating decisions, independent of the school cafeteria offerings, then regulating school cafeteria offerings would not significantly impact overall teenage snack consumption. The statement does not call into question the nutritionist's conclusion.
Incorrect
Quote:
 D. The study measured only the snacks consumed within school hours and did not account for additional consumption immediately before or after school.
The statement calls into question the study that shows that the average consumption of unhealthy snacks by teenagers at school is less than two items per week, suggesting that teenagers do not heavily consume these products at school anyway. But the outcome of additional consumption immediately before or after school is unclear. 
Incorrect
Quote:
 E. Teenagers often skip meals at home, which increases their likelihood of consuming snacks, both healthy and unhealthy, during school hours.
Teenagers often skip meals at home, which increases their likelihood of consuming snacks, both healthy and unhealthy, during school hours. Thus ­regulating school cafeteria offerings would significantly impact overall teenage snack consumption. This statement calls into question the nutritionist's conclusion
Correct

IMO E
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Nutritionist Claim: It has been proposed that to combat rising obesity rates among teenagers, schools should strictly regulate the snack options available in school cafeterias. Critics argue that teenagers will just bring less healthy snacks from home if they want them. However, a recent study shows that the average consumption of unhealthy snacks by teenagers at school is less than two items per week, suggesting that teenagers do not heavily consume these products at school anyway. Thus, regulating school cafeteria offerings would not significantly impact overall teenage snack consumption.


Conclusion - Thus, regulating school cafeteria offerings would not significantly impact overall teenage snack consumption.

Premise -
1. It has been proposed that to combat rising obesity rates among teenagers, schools should strictly regulate the snack options available in school cafeterias. (The nutritionist uses this premise to counter it in the intermediate conclusion)
2. Critics argue that teenagers will just bring less healthy snacks from home if they want them. (The nutritionist uses this premise to counter it in the next line)
3. However, a recent study shows that the average consumption of unhealthy snacks by teenagers at school is less than two items per week, suggesting that teenagers do not heavily consume these products at school anyway. (Also the intermediate conclusion - This is the reason the nutritionist is proposing for the regulation of the snack options. According to him, the students don't consume much unhealthy food in school and hence the regulation would hold no good )


Which of the following, if true, would most seriously call into question the nutritionist's conclusion?

A. Teenagers are more likely to consume unhealthy snacks at home if they perceive a lack of desirable options at school.

This is inline with the conclusion. Does not question it. If the teenager consumes more unhealthy snacks at home then no point introducing this measure.

B. Many schools already limit the sale of certain types of unhealthy snacks, but they remain available through vending machines not controlled by the cafeteria.

OK, but does it question the argument? This in a way strengthens the conclusion as it gives a reason why the regulation measure is not working.

C. Health education classes that discuss dietary choices can influence teenagers to make healthier eating decisions, independent of the school cafeteria offerings.

Out of scope. We are bothered about the school cafeteria regulations.

D. The study measured only the snacks consumed within school hours and did not account for additional consumption immediately before or after school.

Hmmm, this sounds good. If the study measured only the snacks consumed in school hours and not what is consumed outside the school then the nutritionist cannot conclude that regulating school cafeteria offerings would not significantly impact [b]overall teenage snack consumption
. Maybe he could have concluded about school snack consumption but definitely not overall. This is our answer.[/b]


E. Teenagers often skip meals at home, which increases their likelihood of consuming snacks, both healthy and unhealthy, during school hours.
This talks about the school consumption but not the overall consumption as stated in the conclusion. Reject.

D
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According to me - Option D - Directly strikes the conclusion, If teenagers consume a significant number of unhealthy snacks immediately before or after school, the study's conclusion that regulating school cafeteria offerings would not significantly impact overall teenage snack consumption would be baseless.
This directly challenges the study's findings and the nutritionist's conclusion.
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Option D

Nutritionist says = no need to regulate, as kids eat less junk food anyway.
To weaken this - a premise that says not really controlling this will help kids .... kind of premise
The choice is between D&E

D. The study measured only the snacks consumed within school hours and did not account for additional consumption immediately before or after school.- this says= more junk is consumed but it is not taken into account it the study - a study loophole, so maybe more kids do eat junk and this regulation will help ...

E. Teenagers often skip meals at home, which increases their likelihood of consuming snacks, both healthy and unhealthy, during school hours. - so they eat 2 items of junk per week despite skipping lunch. this actually strengthen the claims on why cafeteria should NOT be regulated imo.
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­Choice D

Proposal : Regulate snack options in school cafeteria
Evidence : Critics are against this idea since students would get snacks from home
Evidence : Recent study - Average consumption of unhealthy snacks at school is < 2, implying that students don't heavily consume these products at school
Conclusion : Based on above arguments, regulating snacks at school cafeteria would not significantly impact overall teenage snack consumption

Question: Weaken

A. Teenagers are more likely to consume unhealthy snacks at home if they perceive a lack of desirable options at school. This suggests an alternate path that if consumption of unhealthy snaks is regulated at school, then students might consume at home. But doesn't challenge the argument that consumption at school would not decrease significantly Incorrect

B. Many schools already limit the sale of certain types of unhealthy snacks, but they remain available through vending machines not controlled by the cafeteria. Irrelevant, This choice is similar to choice A. If not available at cafeteria, then the snacks are accessbile through vending machines. Similar to A doesn't challenge the argumetn Incorrect

C. Health education classes that discuss dietary choices can influence teenagers to make healthier eating decisions, independent of the school cafeteria offerings. This choice introduces a new method to reduce unhealth snack consumption, and no way relates to whether regulating snacks at cafeteria would have a significant impact Incorrect

D. The study measured only the snacks consumed within school hours and did not account for additional consumption immediately before or after school. Correct The data regarding the average consumption of unhealthy snacks at school does not include snacks eaten from the cafeteria before and after school hours. This indicates that the data used to support the conclusion is incomplete and lacks important details. Therefore, by highlighting this gap, the choice effectively challenges the nutritionist's conclusion. 

E. Teenagers often skip meals at home, which increases their likelihood of consuming snacks, both healthy and unhealthy, during school hours. We don't know anything about this subset of usersincluding whether they make up a significant portion of students who eat in the cafeteria and their consumption rates of healthy versus unhealthy foods. To consider this as an effective weakener, many assumptions would need to be made Incorrect
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­Nutritionist Claim: It has been proposed that to combat rising obesity rates among teenagers, schools should strictly regulate the snack options available in school cafeterias. Critics argue that teenagers will just bring less healthy snacks from home if they want them. However, a recent study shows that the average consumption of unhealthy snacks by teenagers at school is less than two items per week, suggesting that teenagers do not heavily consume these products at school anyway. Thus, regulating school cafeteria offerings would not significantly impact overall teenage snack consumption.

Which of the following, if true, would most seriously call into question the nutritionist's conclusion?

A. Teenagers are more likely to consume unhealthy snacks at home if they perceive a lack of desirable options at school.-doesn't weaken nutritionist's claim about regulating school's cafeteria offerings.

B. Many schools already limit the sale of certain types of unhealthy snacks, but they remain available through vending machines not controlled by the cafeteria.-Easy availability of unhealthy snacks via vending machines doesn't weaken nutritionist's claim due to the fact that children don't eat unhealthy snacks in significant amount at school.

C. Health education classes that discuss dietary choices can influence teenagers to make healthier eating decisions, independent of the school cafeteria offerings.-Health education leading to healthy eating doesnt weaken nutritionist's claim.

D. The study measured only the snacks consumed within school hours and did not account for additional consumption immediately before or after school.-The fact that conclusion is based on a flawed study, seriously weakens nutritionist's claim.

E. Teenagers often skip meals at home, which increases their likelihood of consuming snacks, both healthy and unhealthy, during school hours.-Consumption of higher amount of healthy/unhealthy snacks doesnt weaken nutritionist's claim.


­
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Bunuel
­Nutritionist Claim: It has been proposed that to combat rising obesity rates among teenagers, schools should strictly regulate the snack options available in school cafeterias. Critics argue that teenagers will just bring less healthy snacks from home if they want them. However, a recent study shows that the average consumption of unhealthy snacks by teenagers at school is less than two items per week, suggesting that teenagers do not heavily consume these products at school anyway. Thus, regulating school cafeteria offerings would not significantly impact overall teenage snack consumption.

Which of the following, if true, would most seriously call into question the nutritionist's conclusion?

A. Teenagers are more likely to consume unhealthy snacks at home if they perceive a lack of desirable options at school.

B. Many schools already limit the sale of certain types of unhealthy snacks, but they remain available through vending machines not controlled by the cafeteria.

C. Health education classes that discuss dietary choices can influence teenagers to make healthier eating decisions, independent of the school cafeteria offerings.

D. The study measured only the snacks consumed within school hours and did not account for additional consumption immediately before or after school.

E. Teenagers often skip meals at home, which increases their likelihood of consuming snacks, both healthy and unhealthy, during school hours.



­
 


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­A. Regulations at place will directly impact consumption of junk food is proved in this
B. Vending machines is an additional piece of information thrown at us. Not what we are looking for (Cafeteria restrictions). Irrelevant
C. Irrelevant. Its another way but not what we are looking for
D. Could have been a potential candidate but the word "Immediately" raises alarm bells
E. Vaguely talks about unhealthy snacks.

According to me A
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Nutritionist Claim: It has been proposed that to combat rising obesity rates among teenagers, schools should strictly regulate the snack options available in school cafeterias. Critics argue that teenagers will just bring less healthy snacks from home if they want them. However, a recent study shows that the average consumption of unhealthy snacks by teenagers at school is less than two items per week, suggesting that teenagers do not heavily consume these products at school anyway. Thus, regulating school cafeteria offerings would not significantly impact overall teenage snack consumption.

Which of the following, if true, would most seriously call into question the nutritionist's conclusion?

A. Teenagers are more likely to consume unhealthy snacks at home if they perceive a lack of desirable options at school.
B. Many schools already limit the sale of certain types of unhealthy snacks, but they remain available through vending machines not controlled by the cafeteria.
C. Health education classes that discuss dietary choices can influence teenagers to make healthier eating decisions, independent of the school cafeteria offerings.
D. The study measured only the snacks consumed within school hours and did not account for additional consumption immediately before or after school.
E. Teenagers often skip meals at home, which increases their likelihood of consuming snacks, both healthy and unhealthy, during school hours.


Analysis
Conclusion: regulating school cafeteria offerings would impact overall teenagers' unhealthy snack consumption but insignificantly.

A. already teenagers are eating less than 2 unhealthy snack items per week and if we regulate school cafeteria offerings, that would present a lack of desirable options at school, which would increase teenagers' consumption of unhealthy snacks at home. Teenagers will become obese.
It does weaken the claim that regulating school cafeteria offerings would insignificantly impact teenagers' unhealthy snack consumption.

B. What is the result? Has it increased unhealthy snack consumption among teenagers? Insufficient
C. Because the argument revolves around regulating the snack options available in school cafeterias so 'independent of the school cafeteria offerings' is irrelevant.
D. What kind of snack (healthy or unhealthy) immediately before or after school, is suggested to be considered here? Out of scope
E. This does not talk about cafeteria. Either they are eating snacks from home or from cafeteria? Irrelevant

Therefore, A is correct.
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­The correct answer should be D
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Bunuel
­Nutritionist Claim: It has been proposed that to combat rising obesity rates among teenagers, schools should strictly regulate the snack options available in school cafeterias. Critics argue that teenagers will just bring less healthy snacks from home if they want them. However, a recent study shows that the average consumption of unhealthy snacks by teenagers at school is less than two items per week, suggesting that teenagers do not heavily consume these products at school anyway. Thus, regulating school cafeteria offerings would not significantly impact overall teenage snack consumption.

Which of the following, if true, would most seriously call into question the nutritionist's conclusion?

A. Teenagers are more likely to consume unhealthy snacks at home if they perceive a lack of desirable options at school.

B. Many schools already limit the sale of certain types of unhealthy snacks, but they remain available through vending machines not controlled by the cafeteria.

C. Health education classes that discuss dietary choices can influence teenagers to make healthier eating decisions, independent of the school cafeteria offerings.

D. The study measured only the snacks consumed within school hours and did not account for additional consumption immediately before or after school.

E. Teenagers often skip meals at home, which increases their likelihood of consuming snacks, both healthy and unhealthy, during school hours.



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­For  questioning the nutritionist's conclusion, we have to find the flaw in his study so that conclusion become false.
For this to satisfy option D suits best. 
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Claim - ­To reduce obesity among teenagers, schools should limit unhealthy snacks in cafeterias. 
Counter - Critics say teenagers will just bring unhealthy snacks from home if they can’t get them at school.
Premise - Recent study shows that the average consumption of unhealthy snacks by teenagers at school is less than two items per week, suggesting that teenagers do not heavily consume these products at school anyway.

Conclusion - Regulating school cafeteria offerings would not significantly impact overall teenage snack consumption.

Which of the following, if true, would most seriously call into question the nutritionist's conclusion?
find an option that questions the nutritionist's conclusion that regulating snacks won’t significantly change overall snack consumption.

A. Teenagers are more likely to consume unhealthy snacks at home if they perceive a lack of desirable options at school. - Incorrect - This option questions the conclusion by suggesting that limiting snacks at school could lead to higher consumption at home. But Desirable options? Talking about behavioural nature? Didnt understood what they mean here.

B. Many schools already limit the sale of certain types of unhealthy snacks, but they remain available through vending machines not controlled by the cafeteria. - Incorrect - This suggests that the study might not considered other sources. It weakens the conclusion but doesn't relates with the regulating cafeteria snacks. 

C. Health education classes that discuss dietary choices can influence teenagers to make healthier eating decisions, independent of the school cafeteria offerings. - Incorrect - Introduced something new - reduction in unhealthy snacks could be due to education, not just school snack regulations.

D. The study measured only the snacks consumed within school hours and did not account for additional consumption immediately before or after school. - Correct - Directly challenges the validity of the study's findings by suggesting that it may have underestimated overall snack consumption. If teenagers consume additional snacks right before or after school, the study's conclusion that teenagers consume less than two unhealthy snacks per week at school could be flawed.

E. Teenagers often skip meals at home, which increases their likelihood of consuming snacks, both healthy and unhealthy, during school hours. - Incorrect - answers why teenagers might rely on school snacks but this doesn't necessarily challenge the conclusion that regulating school snacks wouldn't impact overall consumption.

Between A, D and E.
I think D stands out the best option as it directly challenges the study's methodology and suggests a possible underestimation of overall snack consumption by not considering snacks eaten immediately before or after school.

Tricky question.
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Bunuel
­Nutritionist Claim: It has been proposed that to combat rising obesity rates among teenagers, schools should strictly regulate the snack options available in school cafeterias. Critics argue that teenagers will just bring less healthy snacks from home if they want them. However, a recent study shows that the average consumption of unhealthy snacks by teenagers at school is less than two items per week, suggesting that teenagers do not heavily consume these products at school anyway. Thus, regulating school cafeteria offerings would not significantly impact overall teenage snack consumption.

Which of the following, if true, would most seriously call into question the nutritionist's conclusion?

A. Teenagers are more likely to consume unhealthy snacks at home if they perceive a lack of desirable options at school.

B. Many schools already limit the sale of certain types of unhealthy snacks, but they remain available through vending machines not controlled by the cafeteria.

C. Health education classes that discuss dietary choices can influence teenagers to make healthier eating decisions, independent of the school cafeteria offerings.

D. The study measured only the snacks consumed within school hours and did not account for additional consumption immediately before or after school.

E. Teenagers often skip meals at home, which increases their likelihood of consuming snacks, both healthy and unhealthy, during school hours.



­
 


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­Conclusion: Regulating school cafeteria offerings would not significantly impact overall teenage snack consumption
why

a recent study shows that the average consumption of unhealthy snacks by teenagers at school is less than two items per week, suggesting that teenagers do not heavily consume these products at school anyway
Critics argue that teenagers will just bring less healthy snacks from home if they want them

A. Teenagers are more likely to consume unhealthy snacks at home if they perceive a lack of desirable options at school.
-- this says teenagers will compensate foe unhealthy snacks if they do not have options at school. So it strengthens nutritionist claims and hence out

B. Many schools already limit the sale of certain types of unhealthy snacks, but they remain available through vending machines not controlled by the cafeteria.
--  this talks about which machines are regulated or limited and where it is not. Also if they get from other vending machine, it sort of strengthens nutriotionist claim and hence out

C. Health education classes that discuss dietary choices can influence teenagers to make healthier eating decisions, independent of the school cafeteria offerings.
-- It says health education influence teenagers to make healthy decisions but snack can be healthy or unhealthy. It is a general statement and how much it will influence and whether it will significantly impact teenage snack consumption is not clear. Hence out

D. The study measured only the snacks consumed within school hours and did not account for additional consumption immediately before or after school.
-- this argument gives more belief in the argument but does not cast doubt on conclusion

E. Teenagers often skip meals at home, which increases their likelihood of consuming snacks, both healthy and unhealthy, during school hours.
-- This says that teenagers are most likely to consume snacks as they often skip at home . Hence by regulating it can significantly limit their snack consumption. Hence it cast doubt and is the answer

 
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­Nutritionist Claim: It has been proposed that to combat rising obesity rates among teenagers, schools should strictly regulate the snack options available in school cafeterias. Critics argue that teenagers will just bring less healthy snacks from home if they want them. However, a recent study shows that the average consumption of unhealthy snacks by teenagers at school is less than two items per week, suggesting that teenagers do not heavily consume these products at school anyway. Thus, regulating school cafeteria offerings would not significantly impact overall teenage snack consumption.

Which of the following, if true, would most seriously call into question the nutritionist's conclusion?

A. Teenagers are more likely to consume unhealthy snacks at home if they perceive a lack of desirable options at school.
They are already not consuming many snacks at school so their habit at home does influence what is or is not being offered at school.

B. Many schools already limit the sale of certain types of unhealthy snacks, but they remain available through vending machines not controlled by the cafeteria.
Does not matter, because students are not consuming snacks at school whether through the cafeteria or vending machines.

C. Health education classes that discuss dietary choices can influence teenagers to make healthier eating decisions, independent of the school cafeteria offerings.
Not related

D. The study measured only the snacks consumed within school hours and did not account for additional consumption immediately before or after school.
This creates doubt in the nutritionist's conclusion because lots are based on half-cooked criteria that only school hours are considered and nothing before and after that.


E. Teenagers often skip meals at home, which increases their likelihood of consuming snacks, both healthy and unhealthy, during school hours.
Not related
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