PMp1:To discuss decision to Backwards integrate
p2: state advantage of BI, but qualify with risks
p3: discuss risks of BI --> trade off on innovation
p4: describe the necessity of BI even when Innovation is needed.
Q1 - DetailThe answer to this is found in the last paragraph quite clearly actually.
"Developing innovative technologies requires independent suppliers of components to invest
huge sums in research and development. The resulting
low profit margins on the sale of components threaten the long-term financial stability of these firms."
This Matches up with Answer choice (D) perfectly.
A is incorrect because huge, not "modest" investments are required.
B is incorrect for the same reason
C is incorrect because low, not high, profit margins result
E is incorrect because the only relationship we are told is that of BI. We are merely told that contractual arrangements have the same financial benefits, but we don't know if they have the same financial requirements.
Q2 - Detail InferenceThe answer is A -
https://www.gmac.com/executive-assessme ... -questionsWe are told in p2 "independent suppliers may be unwilling to share innovations with assemblers with whom they are competing..."
A is the only thing that can be supported.
B has a typo and B cannot be supported
C No- this is nowhere stated
D - Not supported
E - No. In fact independent suppliers would be the source of innovation
Q3 - Detail ExceptMost of the benefits are listed or mentioned in p2
A - listed in p2 - "centralizes overhead" - incorrect
C - "removes need for some purchasing and marketing functions" - incorrect
D - I misinterpreted this as "reliability of source components" instead of "reliability of A source of components" - It is discussed in the last paragraph and acquisition is recommended, so this is incorrect.
E- mentioned in P2, so incorrect
B is correct - We are told "backward integration boosts profits" BUT not of the sale of the components, but rather the sale of the finished goods. The whole reason Manufacturers BI is to enhance the production of their good.
Q4 - Detail InferenceRefer to passage map above.
A - incorrect. The other paras don't function as arguments.
B - This is correct. In p3 the risks of BI are discussed, then in p4 we are told that we can't completely go without BI because of certain conditions (supplier reliability) - hence p4 serves to qualify earlier discussions.
C - no. A new contention is provided.
D - No. They aren't mentioned as points of departure and no mention of further study.
E - No specific example is provided. A general principle is stated to warn against completely moving away from BI.