Rebecca: When I went hiking in the mountains the other day, every bird

The argument is this --

Bird scolded Rebecca --> bird is Steller's Jay --------(1)
Rebecca saw Steller's jay --> the Steller's jay scolded Rebecca --------(2)

What are the simplest inferences that can be drawn from these?

From #1 -
bird is not steller's jay --> did not scold Rebecca

from #2 -
Steller's jay did not scold Rebecca --> Rebecca did not see the Steller's jay

We have to look for an answer option that matches either of these two. Option C matches the first inference.

let us take a look at other answer options --

Option A - Incorrect
Not necessarily. She might have seen other types of jays -- jays that did not scold her.

Option B - Incorrect
We cannot infer anything about the presence/absence of gray jays from the data given.

Option D - Incorrect
this is true only for Steller's jays; we cannot make this assumption for other types of jays.

Option E - Incorrect
We cannot infer this. Probably there were some. Only thing that we can infer is that they did not scold her.

These questions are must be true questions types. Everything in stimulus must be taken and understood as it is given in the stimulus. No outside information bits affecting the stimulus should be introduced. If an answer choice mentions something which:
- outside the purview of the question (for instance Gray Jays scolding)
- generalizes the fact mentioned in the stimulus
- changes the meaning of author's argument/fact
- contradicts a fact mentioned in stimulus.
- Changes the essential words with generic or construed words, etc,
that answer choice is incorrect.

This question is mostly a fact set hence everything mentioned needs to be understood clearly. Try making a Venn diagram to picture this better. With regular practice one can get better at making a mental map of info provided.

Hope that helps.

I only chose C by using POE, how to solv this kind of question perfectly in the shortest time?
Clearly, with the classical pattern in this question, test takers can still have many inference from the pattern. Nevertheless, there is only 1 inference, and it is really confusing.

I think what I can learn in this inference question is to negate the sentence, and to work with "Every" in an argument, and to see the differences in meaning if I change the order of words in a sentence.

Finally, practice.

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